When placed in foster care, according to the Swedish social service act, children are entitled to preserve a standing relationship with their birth parents. The aim of this study was to examine which aspects according to social workers are vital in the making of social plans between children in the age of 0-3 placed in foster care and their birth parents. The study also examines how social workers make children between 0-3 participate in the making of their social plans. Nine qualitative semi-structured interviews with social workers have been analyzed based on Laura Lundys model of participation and the model of Maria Eriksson and Elisabet Näsman about social workers focus in working with children. The results show that the planning of social plans is based on what will benefit the child and what will not. The social workers analyze the abilities of the birth parent and to the best of their abilities they take in information about children reaction to make an assessment of what is best for the child. The main conclusion is that the work surrounding social plans is heavily based on the purpose of the placement in foster care. Whether the child has a chance to return to its birth parents or not has a big impact on the making of social plans.

Legal status of a child after break-up of their parents Abstract The goal of this thesis is to thoroughly elaborate about possible arrangements of situation of a child after the break-up of their parents, with focus on specifics of joint custody. The aim is also to critically evaluate corresponding practices of the Czech Constitutional Court and to put current legal regulations into historical and comparative context. The topic of this diploma thesis is legal status of a child after break-up of their parents. It is focused both on children of married and unmarried parents. An extra chapter about legal status of children from atypical families is also included, which addresses unusual legal positions of children of same-sex parents, children born via surrogacy and children raised by foster and adoptive parents. In the first chapter the marriage, cohabitation and differences between these two is discussed. A brief description of how the law in question evolved is included as well. The interest of a child is also characterized, as it is the primary consideration when (not only) courts are deciding about children. Third chapter covers parental responsibility. The following part is mostly focused on the topic of custody including an overview of the historical context. In this part, forms of custody and their...

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"Internal globalization" has become a common phenomenon which, among other things, has increased the number of mixed-national couples due to the greater mobility of people and the globalization of trade and commerce. Unanticipated difficulties can follow from the breakdown of such relationships for both children and parents if the custodial parent leaves the family's former habitual residence with the child. This is especially true for the left-behind parent. / The starting point for this study was the discussion among experts as to whether an Additional Protocol to the 1980 Child Abduction Convention might resolve the inherent weak protection of access rights. To answer this question concerning the necessity of such an Additional Protocol, this thesis provides an overview of the relevant existing and future international legal frameworks that address child protection and parental responsibilities and shows the evolution in child law from a formerly neglected issue to a high-profile topic. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)

Access arrangements for birth parents of crown wards are a concern for child protection workers. Data on 84 crown wards were collected from 11 in care workers at a Children's Aid Society in Ontario, to determine whether best practice guidelines were being observed. Best practice derived from literature was operationalized as: (1) inclusion of birth parents and others in decisions affecting the child, and (2) connectivity ---maintaining family ties. Regression analyses were performed to identify predictors of inclusion and connectivity scores. Results showed three significant predictors of inclusion---worker knowledge, years in child welfare, and birth parents' source of income---and two predictors of connectivity---worker knowledge and parents' source of income. Findings suggest that agency training and support of workers can have a positive effect on implementation of best practice. The effect of income source is a puzzle, as income from employment was associated with lower inclusion scores, but higher connectivity scores.

Legal status of a child after break-up of their parents Abstract The topic of this diploma thesis is legal status of a child after break-up of their parents. It is focused both on children of married and unmarried parents. An extra chapter about legal status of children from atypical families is also included, which addresses unusual legal positions of children of same-sex parents, children born via surrogacy and children raised by foster and adoptive parents. In the first chapter I discuss the marriage, cohabitation and differences between these two. A brief description of how the law in question evolved is included as well. Second chapter covers parental responsibility. The following part is mostly focused on the topic of custody including an overview of the historical context. In this part, forms of custody and their specifics are described and an overview of interpretation issues resulting from regulations and laws is given. The section is also supported by findings from the field of psychology regarding forms of custody with focus on joint custody and parent alienation syndrome. A section about child perception of a divorce is also included. Next chapter depicts visitations between a child and their parents and also between the child and other persons. The interest of a child is also characterized, as...

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Syftet med denna kvalitativa dokumentstudie har varit att analysera rättsliga konstruktioner av barnrättsdiskursen i umgängesmål när föräldern utövat fysiskt eller sexuellt våld mot barnet eller den andre föräldern. Studiens frågeställningar bestod av att besvara hur diskursen kring barnets bästa samt föräldrarätten framställs och konstrueras i tingsrättens bedömningar. För att uppfylla studiens syfte har en tematisk analys av 14 domar om umgänge från en tingsrätt i Sverige 2022 genomförts. Studien har en socialkonstruktionistisk ansats och det teoretiska ramverket består av begreppet diskurs samt ett rättsligt perspektiv. Författarna har undersökt två huvudteman bestående av de två aktuella diskurserna samt flera underkategorier kopplat till tecken som lyfte fram olika aspekter av diskurserna. Under huvudtemat kring barnets bästa hittade författarna tre aspekter som tingsrättens använde för att konstruera begreppet i sina bedömningar. Dessa aspekter bildade underkategorierna; barnets åsikter - barnet som subjekt eller objekt, barnets behov av skydd och barnets behov av en god kontakt med båda föräldrarna. Under huvudtemat diskursen kring föräldrarätten fann författarna två underkategorier, den synliga föräldrarätten och det diskursiva förhållandet mellan barnet och föräldern. Studiens analys visade att de två huvudsakliga spåren tingsrätten gick på i skapandet av diskursen kring barnets bästa var behovet av god kontakt med föräldrar alternativt behovet av att skydda barnet. Vidare visade analysen på brister vad gäller att låta barnen komma till tals i tingsrättens bedömning då beskrivningar av barnets vilja helt saknades i 12 av 23 fall. I 10 av 23 fall beviljades umgänge trots att barnets inte fått komma till tals alternativt att tingsrätten inte tillmätt barnets åsikter betydelse. Vad gäller föräldrarätten hittade författarna tre fall där förälderns behov uttalat påverkade bedömningen. Angående det diskursiva förhållandet mellan barnet och föräldern fann författarna att barnets bästa premieras i 12 fall utifrån att barnets behov av skydd ledde till avslag alternativt att barnets vilja att träffa föräldern var grund för besluetet att asvlå eller bevilja umgänge. I 10 fall ansåg författarna att föräldrarättsdiskursen indirekt premierades framför barnets bästa då behovet av god kontakt med föräldern ledde till beviljat umgänge trots att barnets åsikter inte tillmätts betydelse. Med det sagt, kan det konstateras att tingsrätten i samtliga av sina bedömningar hänvisar till barnets bästa.

In recent years, several cases have been brought to attention in media where children have been harmed while interacting with a violent parent. In some cases, the child has died due to the violence. The aim of this study is to analyze how district courts considers the best interest of the child in decisions regarding visitation rights where there is alleged or proven violence against the child. Examples from a well-known Swedish case “the case of Tintin” is used. Previous research was gathered through a literature search in the databases Scopus and Discovery. The method used was a qualitative literature analysis of seventeen verdicts concerning decisions on visitation rights. The theories that were used were the attachment theory and developmental ecology. Results showed that the best interest of the child is assessed differently in different courts and the right to both parents tend to outweigh the safety of the child. / Under de senaste åren har flera fall uppmärksammats i media där barn har farit illa vid umgänge med en våldsam förälder. I några av fallen har barnet dött till följd av våldet. Syftet med denna studie är att analysera hur tingsrätten tar barnets bästa i beaktande vid beslut om umgängesrätt där det påstås eller bevisligen har förekommit våld mot barnet. Exempel från ett känt svenskt fall vid namn ”fallet Tintin” används för att belysa det valda ämnet. Genom en litteratursökning i databaserna Scopus och Discovery inhämtades tidigare forskning. Metoden som användes var en kvalitativ innehållsanalys av sjutton domar rörande beslut om umgängesrätt. Teorierna som användes var anknytningsteorin och utvecklingsekologin. Resultatet visade att barnets bästa bedöms olika i olika tingsrätter och rätten till båda föräldrar tenderar att väga tyngre än barnets säkerhet.

LL.M. / Please refer to full text to view abstract