Organic mulches and cover crops mulched in situ were assessed for their effects on B. cinerea primary inoculum and disease levels in inflorescences at flowering and/or bunches at harvest. Organic mulches were used to enhance biological degradation of vine debris to reduce levels of B. cinerea primary inoculum the following season. Four mulch types (anaerobically and aerobically fermented marc (grape pressings), inter-row grass clippings and shredded office paper) were applied under ten-year-old Riesling vines in a ten-replicate randomized block design in New Zealand over two consecutive years. Plastic mesh bags, each containing naturally infected vine debris, were placed under vines on bare ground (control) and at the soil-mulch interface, in winter (July) 2003 and 2004. In each year, half the bags were recovered at flowering (December) and the remainder at leaf plucking (February), for assessment of B. cinerea sporulation from the vine debris and debris degradation rate. Bait lamina probes, which measure soil biological activity, were placed in the soil-mulch interface three weeks before each of the two bag-recovery dates in both years and were then removed and assessed at the same times as were the bags. All mulches led to a reduction in B. cinerea sporulation. This reduction was significantly correlated with elevated rates of vine debris decomposition and increased soil biological activity. Over both years, compared with the controls, all treatments gave a 3-20-fold reduction in B. cinerea sporulation, a 1.6-2.6-fold increase in vine debris degradation and in the two marc and the paper treatments, a 1.8-4-fold increase in activity of soil organisms. The mulches also altered vine characteristics and elevated their resistance to B. cinerea through changes to the soil environment. Functional soil biological activity, as measured by Biolog Ecoplates and bait lamina probes, was increased 2-4 times in the two marc and paper treatments, compared with the control, an effect relating to the elevated soil moisture and reduced temperature fluctuations under these mulches. Soil nutrient levels and the C:N ratios were also affected in these treatments. The mulched paper lowered vine canopy density by up to 1.4 times that of the other treatments, an effect which probably led to elevated light penetration into the canopy and consequent increased canopy temperature, photosynthesis and lowered canopy humidity. These changes to soil and vine characteristics increased grape skin strength by up to 10% in the paper treatment and sugar concentrations by 1.2-1.4 °Brix in the two marc and paper treatments. The severity of B. cinerea infections in the anaerobic marc, aerobic marc and paper treatments were reduced to 12%, 3% and 2.2% of the control, respectively, in field assessments averaged over two consecutive harvests. Cover crops mulched in situ had similar effects to those of the organic mulches, increasing soil biological activity and reducing B. cinerea primary inoculum and the severity of B. cinerea infection in grapes at harvest (2006). Inter-row phacelia and ryegrass were mulched in winter 2005 and compared with a bare ground control, under 10-year-old Chardonnay vines in a ten-replicate randomized block design. Functional soil biological activity increased by 1.5-4.5 times in the two cover crop treatments compared with the control, an effect possibly related to elevated soil moisture in these treatments. This increase in soil moisture and soil biological activity increased vine debris degradation, reduced B. cinerea primary inoculum on the debris and decreased B. cinerea severity at flowering (December 2005) and harvest (April 2006). These results show the potential of organic mulches and cover crops mulched in situ to enhance soil ecosystem services and improve the sustainability of viticultural practices.

La viticulture française est un gros consommateur de produits phytosanitaires. Deux maladies fongiques, l'oïdium et le mildiou de la vigne, représentent à elles seules 70% des dépenses annuelles de pesticides pour cette culture. Ces maladies pouvant causer la destruction complète des récoltes, sont ressenties comme des fléaux. Face à de tels risques, seule la protection chimique est aujourd'hui efficace. Une équipe de phytopathologiste (Santé Végétale à Bordeaux) a entrepris en 2001 de résoudre le problème dicile de la conception et de la mise au point de systèmes décisionnels de gestion des maladies de la vigne. Ces systèmes innovants doivent faire la preuve qu'il est possible de produire du raisin de qualité en diminuant fortement le nombre de traitements fongiques, conformément aux principes de la Protection Intégrée des Cultures (PIC). L'équipe y parvient en utilisant des observations à la parcelle et une connaissance structurée qui prend la forme de ce que j'ai nommé un Processus Opérationnel de Décision (POD). Ces pathologistes ont mis en oeuvre une approche itérative de la conception, mêlant phases de conception et phases d'expérimentation de plein champ. A l'issue de trois itérations (2001, 2003,2005) ils exprimaient le besoin de formaliser leur démarche. Il s'agissait donc d'identifier et, si nécessaire, de créer les outils formels et les méthodes qui permettraient aux experts pathologistes d'améliorer le résultat de leur conception en répondant à trois besoins : Pouvoir communiquer le POD à d'autres chercheurs, en tester les aspects opérationnels, et rendre le POD fiable. Le concept de POD correspond à une approche prescriptive et opérationnelle de la décision, où la protection des cultures est envisagée comme un processus intégré sur l'ensemble de la saison. Les connaissances permettant de formaliser ce processus ont été recueillies dans le langage Statechart qui est un formalisme à évènements discrets. Les diagrammes Statecharts ont été utilisés comme média entre les experts concepteurs et le cogniticien. La méthode de recueil est originale et constitue un résultat de recherche au même titre que le modèle du « POD Mildium » qui en est le produit. Deux méthodes de validation ont été élaborées pour estimer la qualité du modèle et pointer les défauts de concordance entre les simulations du modèle recueilli et les comportements décisionnels observés. Ce modèle a été validé à partir des données de deux campagnes expérimentales (2005, 2006). On a montré que 85% des décisions étaient similaires. L'ensemble du travail illustre l'intérêt de l'ingénierie des processus métiers abordée via les statecharts pour raisonner et concevoir des systèmes de protection des cultures.

Vineyard management strategies, including vineyard floor management and crop level management, can be used to influence vine vigor and fruit composition. Two studies were conducted to evaluate the impact of these practices on Pinot Noir in Oregon's Willamette Valley. Managing crop levels is common in cool climate vineyard production though it is a costly practice. With economic pressures, the premium winegrape industry is questioning whether they can reduce production costs and increase yields without compromising quality. A crop thinning trial was conducted in 2010 and 2011 to address these concerns and to better understand the role of vine balance on fruit composition. Crop levels were moderately (35% crop removed) or severely (65% crop removed) thinned at pre-bloom, fruit set, lag phase, or véraison and compared to full crop treatments. In both years, crop thinning reduced yields but had no effect on berry weight or cluster size. In 2010, poor fruit set reduced overall yields, and thinning treatments resulted in very few differences in vine growth, cluster architecture or fruit composition, including total soluble solids (TSS), pH, titratable acidity (TA), yeast assimilable nitrogen (YAN), anthocyanins, phenolics and tannins. In 2011, yields were much higher due to high fruit set and larger cluster size. No differences were found in vine growth (leaf areas or pruning weights) or fruit YAN, but thinned vines had higher TSS and pH and lower TA than full crop vines at harvest. Fruit thinned at lag phase and véraison had higher TSS and lower TA than fruit thinned pre-bloom. Intensity of thinning had a stronger influence on anthocyanin and tannin concentration than timing, while phenolics were not impacted by either factor. Ravaz index values (fruit yield/pruning weight) below 2.25 and leaf area to yield ratios of 2.25 to 3.25 m²/kg improved fruit composition in 2011 as did later season thinning, though data from the remaining years of this study will provide more insight into appropriate crop load metrics for cool climate Pinot Noir. A second study was implemented in 2011 to determine the impact of crop thinning in vines with different levels of vegetative vigor caused by three vineyard floor management techniques: permanent grass (Festuca rubra spp. rubra) cover (grass), alternating grass cover and tillage (grass & tilled), and tillage of every alleyway (tilled). Crop was thinned at the BB stage of berry development (EL stage 73) to one cluster per shoot (half crop) or not thinned (full crop); all cluster wings were removed at the time of thinning. Tillage treatments had been in place four years prior to the start of the study and competition for nitrogen in grass caused reduced early season vine growth, leaf chlorophyll and canopy size at both bloom and véraison while crop thinning increased canopy size at véraison. Yields were altered by tillage and crop thinning treatments, as grass had fewer clusters per shoot and berries per cluster, and crop thinning reduced yields to 64.7% of full crop across all tillage treatments. At harvest, grass had the lowest TA while TSS and pH were not affected by tillage. Crop thinning increased TSS but did not impact pH or TA. Anthocyanins were affected by both tillage and thinning and were found to be related to vine yield, YAN, leaf N, and leaf area index. Tannins were highest in grass but were not affected by crop thinning, and phenolics were not changed by either factor. Few interactions between tillage and crop thinning were found, but as variables such as yield per vine were impacted by both treatment factors, monitoring long term effects of crop / Graduation date: 2012

Graduation date: 2004

Thesis (MSc) -- Stellenbosch University, 2012. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: One of the main objectives of the South African Wine of Origin Scheme (SAWOS) is to guarantee the quality of wine products emerging from South Africa’s viticultural production areas by preventing the abuse of names of products originating from outstanding viticultural areas. The study of terroirs contributes to knowledge that assists in delimiting potential viticultural areas in South Africa. Terroirs are areas with homogeneous groups of natural factors that, with the aid of effective management, have the potential to produce a unique product over a recognizable period. Natural terroir units (NTU) reflect the integration of relatively homogenous environmental factors, which include topography, climate, soil and geology. This study investigates the use of geographic information systems (GIS) and remote sensing methods in the identification of NTU in the Robertson wine district. Existing topographical, soil, geological and climatic GIS data layers were collected at various scales. In addition to this spatial data, orthorectified and radiometrically corrected SPOT 5 and ASTER satellite imagery were used to classify the land use/cover using an object-based image analysis (OBIA) approach. Eight land use/cover classes were distinguished by a sequential ruleset and an overall accuracy of 81.2% was achieved. The land use/cover layer was combined with the slope aspect and soil landscape to provide a three-component NTU description. One hundred and seventy NTU were identified, of which fifty five units exist for agriculture. These NTU can be used for site selection of agricultural produce and effective planning and management of land use. Climate was not included in the delimitation of NTU because the coarse resolution of climatic data could not be used to distinguish between different NTU. Therefore, all NTU identified in this research has similar climatic conditions. The major drawback of GIS-assisted terroir studies is the difficulty of representing a number of NTU on one GIS map. Therefore, it is recommended to associate the NTU map with a table of the classes instead. Furthermore, the accuracy, scale and resolution of available GIS data in South Africa influence the delimitation of NTU. Although remote sensing was found to provide efficient methods for land cover mapping, the use of multiseasonal satellite images would classify vineyards more efficiently because such an approach accounts for the different growth cycles of grapevines. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Een van die hoof doelwitte van die Suid-Afrikaanse Wyn van Oorsprongskema (SAWOS) is om die kwaliteit van wynbouprodukte afkomstig van Suid-Afrikaanse wingerdbougebiede te verseker. Die studie van terroirs is geïdentifiseer as ‘n metode om moontlike wingerdbougebiede in Suid-Afrika af te baken. Terroirs is gebiede met relatief homogene natuurlike faktore wat oor ‘n erkenbare tydperk en met behulp van effektiewe bestuur die vermoë het om ‘n unieke produk te lewer. Dié natuurlike faktore word, “natuurlike terroir eenhede” (NTE) genoem en sluit topografie, klimaat, grond en geologie in. Hierdie navorsing ondersoek die gebruik van geografiese inligtingstelsels (GIS) en afstandswaarnemingstegnieke om NTE in die Robertson-wyndistrik te identifiseer. Bestaande ruimtelike topografiese-, grond-, geologiese- en klimaatdata is op ‘n verskeidenheid skale versamel. Bykomend tot hierdie ruimtelike data, is ortogekorrigeerde en radiometries-gekalibreerde SPOT 5 en ASTER satellietbeelde gebruik om landgebruik/ -bedekking te klassifiseer. Objekgerigte beeldanalise (OGBA) is toegepas tydens hierdie klassifikasie en agt landgebruik/ -bedekkingsklasse is onderskei deur gebruik te maak van ‘n stapsgewyse reëlstel. OGBA het ‘n algehele akkuraatheid van 81.2% gelewer. Die landgebruik/ -bedekkingsdata is gekombineer met hellingaspek en die grondlandskap om ‘n drieledige NTE-beskrywing te lewer. Een honderd en sewentig NTE is geïdentifiseer waarvan daar vyf-en-vyftig eenhede vir landbou bestaan. Hierdie NTE kan aangewend word vir die selektering van geskikte terreine vir landbou-gewasse en effektiewe grondgebruikbeplanning en -bestuur. As gevolg van die bestaande klimaatdata se growwe resolusie, was dit ongeskik om te onderskei tussen verskillende NTE. Dus heers daar soortgelyke klimaatstoestande vir elke NTE wat in hierdie navorsing geïdentifiseer is. Die grootste stremmende faktor wat GIS-verwante terroir navorsing beïnvloed, is die uitdaging om ‘n groot getal NTE op een kaart voor te stel. Daarom is dit beter om die NTE kaart met ‘n tabel te assosieer. Verder beïnvloed die akkuraatheid, skaal en resolusie van beskikbare digitale geografiese data in Suid-Afrika die afbakening van NTE. Alhoewel bevind is dat afstandwaarneming ‘n effektiewe metode is om landbedekking te karteer, sal die gebruik van meerseisoenale satellietbeelde wingerde meer doelmatig karteer omdat dit verskeie siklusse in die groei van wingerde in ag neem. SLEUTELWOORDE EN FRASES terroir, natuurlike terroir eenhede (NTE), geografiese inligtingstelsels, afstandwaarneming, wingerdkunde

Thesis (MA (Geography and Environmental Studies))--University of Stellenbosch, 2009. / The acceleration of biodiversity loss is understood to threaten the ecosystems upon which life on earth depends. Existing conservation approaches have proved insufficient to stem global biodiversity losses. Mounting evidence indicates that responsible biodiversity conservation requires an integration of ecology with economics. Accordingly, contemporary conservation interventions incorporate a concept that ecosystems and biodiversity can be used and also conserved. In South Africa, such interventions can be appropriately applied in the Cape Floristic Region (CFR), an area containing severely endangered biodiversity where land use and conservation goals rarely mesh. More than 80% of land in the CFR is privately owned, with large tracts transformed for viticulture. Conservation challenges thus include the reconciliation of wine production needs with biodiversity protection necessities. This thesis comprises a case study of the Biodiversity and Wine Initiative, an organisation that simultaneously promotes biodiversity conservation in the South African wine sector, by a process of mainstreaming within an viticultural context. The overall study aim was to improve understanding of the BWI as a mainstreaming initiative. Specifically, the area of inquiry is an investigation into how effectively the BWI has protected biodiversity in the CFR between 2005 and 2008. Individual aims were to investigate reductions in threat to biodiversity in the CFR; to assess farmer adoption levels of BWI strategy; and to formulate a sustainability appraisal of the Biodiversity and Wine Initiative. A strategic triangulation of methods was employed. Stakeholder interviews were conducted to probe adoption levels and opinions of BWI strategy. Case studies of two BWI champion estates provided data on best practice. Towards a critical appraisal of sustainability, an assessment was made of the BWI as a functioning mainstreaming model, which included case studies of two model farms.

La normativa comunitaria ha favorito lo sviluppo di sistemi di qualità certificati. Oggi la CE sta guidando il sistema qualità verso un nuovo orizzonte: la valutazione delle prestazioni di sostenibilità di prodotti e organizzazioni, e lo sta facendo attraverso la metodologia dell'Impronta Ambientale (EF). A livello nazionale dal 2009 il Ministero dell'Ambiente sta promuovendo un intenso programma di valutazione delle prestazioni ambientali dei prodotti e di riduzione delle emissioni di gas serra delle imprese italiane. Una delle iniziative di maggior successo è il progetto VIVA "La Sostenibilità della vitivinicoltura in Italia". Con la pubblicazione del decreto Ministeriale n. 56 del marzo 2018 che approva lo schema volontario Made Green in Italy per l'applicazione della metodologia PEF in Italia, e con la pubblicazione del PEFCR per “Still and sparkling wine”. È chiaro che sia a livello nazionale che europeo la direzione intrapresa va verso la metodologia EF dalla Commissione Europea. Supponendo che il protocollo VIVA possa essere influenzato anche dall'evoluzione del metodo EF; sono state valutate le possibili implicazioni legate ad una futura transizione da VIVA alla PEF, effettuando anche uno studio PEF su 27 prodotti certificati VIVA con un confronto di prestazioni tra i prodotti VIVA e i benchmark europei. / EU regulations have favoured the development of certified quality schemes. Today the EC is driving the quality sector towards a new horizon; the evaluation of sustainability performance of product and organizations, and is doing it through the Environmental Footprint Methodology. At national level since 2009 the Italian Ministry for the Environment Land and Sea is promoting an intense programme for the evaluation of products’ environmental performances and for the reduction of Italian companies’ greenhouse gas emissions. One of the most successful initiative is the VIVA “Sustainability and Culture” project addressed to the wine sector. With the release of the IMELS decree n. 56 of march 2018 approving the Made Green in Italy Voluntary Scheme for PEF methodology application in Italy, and with the publication of the PEFCR for still and sparkling wine. Is clear that the direction taken at national and European level goes toward the EF methodology developed by the European Commission Assuming that the VIVA protocol may also be affected by EF evolution; possible implications linked to a future transition from VIVA to PEF were evaluated, also carrying out a PEF assessment of 27 VIVA certified products with a performance confrontation between the VIVA products and the European benchmarks.

A viticultura é uma atividade de grande importância econômica, destacando-se a sustentabilidade da pequena propriedade e o desenvolvimento territorial associados às atividades ligadas ao turismo. As plantas cultivadas se tornam vulneráveis a patógenos e insetos-praga e a videira apresenta diversas espécies consideradas pragas que reduzem sua produção e rentabilidade, entre estas, Spodoptera frugiperda, causando danos em diferentes partes da planta. Fungos entomopatogênicos podem oferecer uma alternativa aos pesticidas convencionais para o controle de pragas, pois produzem enzimas que degradam o exoesqueleto do inseto como quitinases e proteases facilitando o modo de infecção. Neste trabalho foi avaliado o potencial inseticida do fungo Nomurea rileyi, linhagem UCS03, contra S. frugiperda e o perfil eletroforético por SDS-PAGE das proteínas secretadas por N. rileyi em presença da cutícula do inseto em diferentes intervalos de tempo em gel unidimensional. O fungo N. rileyi apresentou virulência contra S. frugiperda, determinando um CL50 de 2 x 109conídios/mL com a linhagem UCS03 demonstrando atividade bionseticida. Na avaliação do perfil proteico do secretoma de N. rileyi em presença da cutícula do inseto, em diferentes tempos de cultivo, foi possível verificar um perfil altamente diferenciado. A maior concentração de proteína foi encontrada no 14° dia de incubação (0,3507 mg/mL) reduzindo a quantidade de proteínas após este período. Na análise por SDS-PAGE foi possível verificar diferentes proteínas de diferentes massas moleculares, nos intervalos de tempo considerados, sendo muitas inferiores a 75 kDa. Estas proteínas com diferentes massas moleculares podem estar envolvidas no metabolismo do fungo. Desta forma, estes resultados podem contribuir para a compreensão do processo de infecção de N. rileyi em S. frugiperda, oferecendo potencial para o desenvolvimento de novas pesquisas e aplicações destas em processos biotecnológicos. / Submitted by Ana Guimarães Pereira (agpereir@ucs.br) on 2017-03-14T12:21:21Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Ana Carolina Ruiz.pdf: 656327 bytes, checksum: 52c5a7db081b0ec94339972595956f52 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-14T12:21:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Ana Carolina Ruiz.pdf: 656327 bytes, checksum: 52c5a7db081b0ec94339972595956f52 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-14 / Viticulture is an activity of great economic importance with emphasis on the sustainability of small property and territorial development associated with tourism related activities. Cultivated plants become vulnerable to pathogens and insect pests and the vine has several species considered as pests that reduce their production and profitability, among them, Spodoptera frugiperda, with causes damage in different parts of the plant. Entomopathogenic fungi can provide an alternative to conventional pesticides for controlling pests, they produce enzymes that degrade the insect exoskeleton, such aschitinases and proteases facilitating the infection. In this work, the insecticide potential of the fungus Nomurea rileyi and S. frugiperda was evaluated, as well as the proteins secreted by N. rileyi in the presence of insect cuticle at different time intervals in one-dimensional gel. The fungus N. rileyi presented virulence against S. frugiperda, determining a CL50 of 2 x 109 con / mL with UCS03 strain demonstrating bionseticida activity. In assessing the protein profile of secretome N. rileyi in the presence of insect cuticle, at different times of cultivation, a highly differentiated profile was verified. The highest concentration of protein was found at day 14 of incubation (0.3507 mg / ml) reducing the amount of protein after this period. In the one-dimensional gel analysis was verified different molecular weights of proteins, in the time interval considered being many less than 75kDa. These proteins with different molecular weights may be involved in fungal metabolism. Thus, these results can contribute to the understanding of the infection process of N. rileyi in S. frugiperda, offering potential for the development of new researches and applications in biotechnological processes.

A viticultura é uma atividade de grande importância econômica, destacando-se a sustentabilidade da pequena propriedade e o desenvolvimento territorial associados às atividades ligadas ao turismo. As plantas cultivadas se tornam vulneráveis a patógenos e insetos-praga e a videira apresenta diversas espécies consideradas pragas que reduzem sua produção e rentabilidade, entre estas, Spodoptera frugiperda, causando danos em diferentes partes da planta. Fungos entomopatogênicos podem oferecer uma alternativa aos pesticidas convencionais para o controle de pragas, pois produzem enzimas que degradam o exoesqueleto do inseto como quitinases e proteases facilitando o modo de infecção. Neste trabalho foi avaliado o potencial inseticida do fungo Nomurea rileyi, linhagem UCS03, contra S. frugiperda e o perfil eletroforético por SDS-PAGE das proteínas secretadas por N. rileyi em presença da cutícula do inseto em diferentes intervalos de tempo em gel unidimensional. O fungo N. rileyi apresentou virulência contra S. frugiperda, determinando um CL50 de 2 x 109conídios/mL com a linhagem UCS03 demonstrando atividade bionseticida. Na avaliação do perfil proteico do secretoma de N. rileyi em presença da cutícula do inseto, em diferentes tempos de cultivo, foi possível verificar um perfil altamente diferenciado. A maior concentração de proteína foi encontrada no 14° dia de incubação (0,3507 mg/mL) reduzindo a quantidade de proteínas após este período. Na análise por SDS-PAGE foi possível verificar diferentes proteínas de diferentes massas moleculares, nos intervalos de tempo considerados, sendo muitas inferiores a 75 kDa. Estas proteínas com diferentes massas moleculares podem estar envolvidas no metabolismo do fungo. Desta forma, estes resultados podem contribuir para a compreensão do processo de infecção de N. rileyi em S. frugiperda, oferecendo potencial para o desenvolvimento de novas pesquisas e aplicações destas em processos biotecnológicos. / Viticulture is an activity of great economic importance with emphasis on the sustainability of small property and territorial development associated with tourism related activities. Cultivated plants become vulnerable to pathogens and insect pests and the vine has several species considered as pests that reduce their production and profitability, among them, Spodoptera frugiperda, with causes damage in different parts of the plant. Entomopathogenic fungi can provide an alternative to conventional pesticides for controlling pests, they produce enzymes that degrade the insect exoskeleton, such aschitinases and proteases facilitating the infection. In this work, the insecticide potential of the fungus Nomurea rileyi and S. frugiperda was evaluated, as well as the proteins secreted by N. rileyi in the presence of insect cuticle at different time intervals in one-dimensional gel. The fungus N. rileyi presented virulence against S. frugiperda, determining a CL50 of 2 x 109 con / mL with UCS03 strain demonstrating bionseticida activity. In assessing the protein profile of secretome N. rileyi in the presence of insect cuticle, at different times of cultivation, a highly differentiated profile was verified. The highest concentration of protein was found at day 14 of incubation (0.3507 mg / ml) reducing the amount of protein after this period. In the one-dimensional gel analysis was verified different molecular weights of proteins, in the time interval considered being many less than 75kDa. These proteins with different molecular weights may be involved in fungal metabolism. Thus, these results can contribute to the understanding of the infection process of N. rileyi in S. frugiperda, offering potential for the development of new researches and applications in biotechnological processes.

The goal of the diploma thesis is to design a wine hotel for 30 people with other public spaces with quality accommodation corresponding to the level of four stars in Mikulov. The new building of the Wine House is a three-storey building located in a sloping terrain, which consists of three floors above ground and one underground floor. The wine house will provide Nikolsburg Winery as a representative building. Visitors and guests of the hotel can enjoy a glass of wine on the terrace of the proposed building and at the same time wonderful views of the vineyards and the silhouette of Mikulov, relax in the surrounding picturesque landscape, or visit the nearby center of Mikulov, Pálava hills or take a boat ride on the surface of reservoirs called Novomlýnské nádrže. Accommodated guests will have the opportunity to use the wellness, massage and Finnish sauna. Tourists passing by will have the opportunity to taste good food and visit the wine lounge, where they can taste and buy locally produced wine at the same time.