Thèse doctorat : Sciences et Techniques du Déchet : INSA LYON : 2003. / Titre provenant de l'écran-titre. Bibliogr. p. 203-213.

This thesis reports the rheological properties of algae slurries as a function of cell concentration for three microalgae species: Nannochloris sp.,Chlorella vulgaris, and Phaeodactylum tricornutum. Rheological properties ofalgae slurries have a direct impact on the agitation and pumping power requirements as well as process design for producing algal biofuels. This study measures the rheological properties of eight diff erent concentrations of each species ranging from 0.5 to 80 kg dry biomass/m³. Strain-controlled steady rate sweep tests were performed for each sample with an ARES-TA rheometer using a double wall couette cup and bob attachment. Shear rates ranged from 5 - 270 s⁻¹, corresponding to typical expected conditions. The results showed that Nannochloris sp. slurry behaved as a Newtonian fluid for concentrations up to 20 kg/m³. Samples with concentrations above 40 kg/m³ behaved as a shear thinning non-Newtonian fluid. The effective viscosity increased with increased biomass concentration for a maximum value of 3.3x10⁻³ Pa-s. Similarly, C. vulgaris slurry behaved as a Newtonian fluid with concentrations of up to 40 kg/m³, above which it displayed a shear thinning non-Newtonianf behavior and a maximum eff ective viscosity of 3.5x10⁻² Pa-s. On the other hand, P. tricornutum slurry demonstrated solely Newtonian fluid behavior, with the dynamic viscosity increasing with increasing biomass concentration for a maximum value of 3.2x10⁻³ Pa-s. The maximum observed e ffective viscosity occurred at a concentration of 80 kg/m³ for all three species. Moreover, an energy analysis was performed where a non-dimensional bioenergy transport e ffectiveness was de termined as the ratio of the energy content of the transported algae biomass to the sum of the required pumping power and the harvesting power. The results show that the increase in major losses due to increase in viscosity was overcompensated by the increase in the transported biomass energy. Also, cultivating a more concentrated slurry requires less dewatering power and is the preferred option. The largest bioenergy transport eff ectiveness was observed for the slurries with the largest initial dry biomass concentrations. Finally, the relative viscosity of algae slurries was modeled using a Kelvin-Voit based model for dilute and concentrated viscoelastic par- ticle suspensions. The model, which depends primarily on the packing factor of the algae species, agrees with the measured viscosity with an average error of 18%, while the concentrated particle suspension model was slightly more accurate than the dilute suspension model. / text

Common bacterial blight CBB, caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli, is an important disease of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Genetic resistance is the most economically-efficient, environmentally-friendly, and socially-acceptable approach to control plant diseases including CBB. To examine the main and interaction effects of the previously-identified CBB-resistance quantitative trait loci (QTL), a resistant inter-cross population of OAC Rex and HR45 was evaluated under artificial inoculation. While the QTL on chromosome B6 of HR45 accounted for 37 to 46 % of phenotypic variation in the field, the QTL on chromosome B4 of OAC Rex was only significant in more sensitive assays using image analysis under controlled condition using a select number of lines, accounting for 15% of the variation. Broad sense heritability estimates of CBB resistance and the QTL associated with BC420 were high for severity and the area under disease progress curve, promoting the continued use of this marker in selecting CBB resistant genotypes, which in combination with SU91 marker on B8 seem to provide high levels of resistance.

There has been little documentation of the success of introduced agents for classical weed biological control. Field evaluation of an insect's establishment, spread and early host impact within its new environment must be performed before agent success can either be doucmented or predicted. Population attributes of the ednophagous biological control agent, Mecinus janthinus Germar (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), and interactions with its target weed, Dalmation toadflax, (Linaria dalmatica (L.) Mill.) (Scrophulariaceae), were explored across variable levels of resource availability and insect abundance. Patterns of population growth and impact of this biocontrol agent were very consistent throughout this study. Within four years of release, populations of M. janthinus achieved outbreak population levels and virtually eliminated the seed producing shoots from toadflax stands. There is a tight but flexible relationship between oviposition site selection and offspring performance in this endophagous herbivore, maximizing offspring survival even under moderate to high M. janthinus densities. These attributes allow M.janthinus to be an effective biocontrol agent under changing levels of resource availability. / ix, 134 leaves : ill. ; 28 cm.

Malaria är en farlig tropiksjukdom orsakad av parasiten Plasmodium som vållar många dödsfall varje år. Sedan några år tillbaka rekommenderar Världshälsoorganisationen (WHO) användandet av artemisinin och dess derivat för behandlandet av malaria. Artemisinin syntetiseras normalt i växten Artemisia annua i lågt utbyte. På grund av det låga utbytet är läkemedlet väldigt dyrt. Då parasiten blivit resistent mot de flesta malarialäkemedel är artemisinin ett viktigt preparat i kampen mot malaria. Forskning pågår för att hitta nya eller effektivare metoder för framställning av substansen då en oro finns att produktionen från A. annua inte kommer kunna möta kraven från läkemedelsindustrin. En av teorierna är ifall andra växter inom Artemisia-släktet kan syntetisera artemisinin då flera växter uppvisat helande effekter vid andra sjukdomar. I denna studie undersöktes det ifall växterna A. vulgaris och A. absinthium från Artemisia-släktet skulle kunna syntetisera artemisinin. Med hjälp av molekylärbiologiska tekniker isolerades genetiskt material ifrån växterna. Materialet granskades efter ribonukleinsyra (RNA)- och deoxiribonukleinsyra (DNA) -sekvenser för funktionella enzym som katalyserar reaktioner i artemisinins biosyntes. Ifall generna uttrycks för dessa enzym kan eventuellt artemisinin bildas. Växterna hämtades från Revsudden, Sverige och genetiskt material isolerades. Förekomsten av genuttryck för fem viktiga enzym i artemisinins biosyntes undersöktes med Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Resultatet blev att växterna hade genuttryck för två respektive tre av de fem enzymen. Detta pekar mot att varken A. vulgaris eller A. absinthium kan syntetisera artemisinin då de saknade några viktiga nyckelenzym i syntesen. Trots att en tidigare studie indikerar närvaro av artemisinin i dessa växter kan slutsatsen dras att A. vulgaris och A. absinthium inte kan bilda artemisinin. / Malaria is a tropical disease that accounts for the death of many people annually and is caused by a parasite called Plasmodium. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends artemisinin and its derivates for malaria treatment. Artemisinin is synthesized generally in Artemisia annua in small amounts. The artemisinin-treatment is very expensive due to the small amounts produced in the plant. Since the parasite has developed resistance towards many antimalarial drugs, artemisinin is an important drug against malaria. Research to find alternative methods for artemisinin-production has begun because there is a great concern that artemisinin-production at current rate will not meet the demand from the pharmaceutical industry. Some speculate if artemisinin can be synthesized in other plants from the Artemisia-genus since many plants have shown healing properties towards other diseases. In this study, we investigated if A. vulgaris and A. absinthium could produce artemisinin. Using molecular biology techniques, genetic material was isolated from the plants. Ribonucleotide (RNA)- and deoxyribonucleotide (DNA)- sequences which encode important enzymes in the artemisinin biosynthesis were examined. In case all the genes were expressed, artemisinin may be synthesized. The plants were picked on Revsudden, Sweden and genetic material was isolated. The presence of gene expression of five important enzymes in the artemisinin biosynthesis was investigated by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). The results showed that the plants had gene expression of two respectively three of the five enzymes. Due to the fact that the plants need all five enzymes to synthesize artemisinin, even though a recent study has shown presence of artemisinin in these plants, this study concludes that artemisinin cannot be synthesized in A. vulgaris and A. absinthium.

Thèse (M.Sc.)--Université Laval, 2007. / Bibliogr.: f. 105-109. Publié aussi en version électronique dans la Collection Mémoires et thèses électroniques.

Thesis (Ph.D.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2007. / Submitted to the African Centre for Crop Improvement. Full text also available online. Scroll down for electronic link.

Techn. University, Diss., 2001--Berlin.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2005. / "December 2005" The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

Orientador: Bruno Ettore Pavan / Resumo: O Feijão comum (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) é uma das principais fontes alimentares no Brasil, agregado tanto por valores culturais como nutricionais. Seu cultivo pode ser encontrado pequenos e grandes produtores, e em diferentes níveis tecnológicos, e se estende por todo o território Nacional. O potencial produtivo do feijoeiro está em muito ligada a sanidade de plantas, tendo os patógenos como os principais responsáveis pelas quedas em produção. O trabalho objetivou verificar a interação genótipo x ambiente, procedendo com a estratificação ambiental de épocas de semeadura afim de recomendar a melhor época que possibilite a discriminação entre os genótipos e a seleção dos genótipos mais adaptados e estáveis em relação ao ataque de Mancha Angular e Crestamento Bacteriano Comum em cerrado de baixa altitude. Os experimentos foram conduzidos no período de: Junho, Agosto, Outubro e Dezembro de 2015 e Março e Abril de 2016, na Fazenda de Ensino, Pesquisa e Extensão da Faculdade de Engenharia de Ilha Solteira (FEIS), situada no município de Selvíria-MS. O delineamento experimental adotado foi em blocos casualizados, onde foram usados 20 genótipos, sendo 5 deles comerciais, IAC – Una, IAC – Imperador, IAC – Formoso, IAC – Milênio, IAC – Alvorada; e 15 provenientes do programa de melhoramento da FEIS. Para a fonte de variação “ambiente” foram utilizadas as seis épocas de semeadura. Os caracteres avaliados foram: incidência de Crestamento Bacteriano Comum e Mancha Angular. Os parâmetros ge... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is one of the main food sources in Brazil, aggregated both by cultural and nutritional values. Its cultivation can be found both small and large producers, and at different technological levels, and extends throughout the national territory. The productive potential of the bean plant is closely related to plant health, with pathogens being the main cause of falls in production. The objective of this work was to verify the genotype x environment interaction, proceeding with the environmental stratification of sowing times in order to recommend the best season that allows discrimination between the genotypes and the selection of the most adapted and stable genotypes in relation to the attack of angular spot and blight bacterial in cerrado of low altitude. The experiments were conducted in the period of: June, August, October and December of 2015 and March and April of 2016, in the Fazenda de Ensino, Pesquisa e Extensão da Faculdade de Engenharia de Ilha Solteira (FEIS), located in the municipality of Selvíria-MS . The experimental design was randomized blocks, where 20 genotypes were used, 5 of them commercial, IAC - Una, IAC - Imperador, IAC - Formoso, IAC - Milênio, IAC - Alvorada; and 15 from the FEIS breeding program. For the "environment" variation source, the six sowing times were used. The evaluated characters were: incidence of Bacterial and Angular Spotting. The genetic parameters and variance components were obtained by the REML / B... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre