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Gender, Myth, and Warfare: A Cross-Cultural Analysis of Women WarriorsUnknown Date (has links)
A combination of cross-cultural and symbolic methodologies suggests that
women warriors occur in societies where there is both an emphasis on the sacred
feminine that allows women greater access to positions of power and authority (as per
Peggy Sanday) and where marital residency rules permit female fighters (following
David B. Adams´s theory on women warriors). While neither theory can stand alone in
explaining the existence of women warriors, when combined both theories give a solid
picture of societies that allow for female combatants. In this paper I propose that by
combining Sanday’s work on female power and Adams’s work on women warriors we
can come to a better understanding about just what makes the cultures that allow for
women’s participation in warfare unique, and perhaps what characteristics must be in
place in order for a culture to have women warriors. / Includes bibliography. / Thesis (M.A.)--Florida Atlantic University, 2016. / FAU Electronic Theses and Dissertations Collection
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Challenges of African American Female Veterans Enrolled in Higher EducationTollerson, Latrice Jones 01 January 2018 (has links)
African American women represent 19% of the 2.1 million living female veterans. They are the largest minority group among veteran women; however, little is known about the challenges that they face when they transition to a postsecondary learning environment. The purpose of this qualitative study was to understand better how this cohort of veterans who served in the U.S. Army during military campaigns in the Middle East overcame transitional challenges to higher education. This study utilized Schlossberg's adult transition theory and identity formation as described in Josselson's theory of identity development in women. The focus of this study was on how female veterans constructed meaning as they overcame transitional challenges and coped with change. The research questions focused on understanding the perceived social, emotional, and financial needs and discerning to what extent faculty and staff helped or hindered their academic success. Purposeful sampling strategies were used to select 12 veteran African American females who attend higher education to participate in semistructured interviews. Thematic analysis of the data indicated that being a better role model and provider; facing financial difficulties; and balancing home, school, and career were among the key findings. These findings on challenges of African American female veterans' experiences can be used to inform university administrators, state employment agencies, the Army's Soldier for Life Transition Program, and the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. This study contributes to positive social change by providing understanding to institutions of higher education regarding the transitional experiences of African American female veterans and the need to implement programs to assist them better.
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Film as Cultural PerformanceSummerhayes, Catherine, catherine.summerhayes@anu.edu.au January 2002 (has links)
This thesis investigates how Victor Turners concept of cultural performance can be used to explore and analyse the experience of film. Drawing on performance theory, hermeneutics, phenomenology and Bakhtins dialogism, Sections One and Two develop this investigation through a theoretic discussion which relates and yet distinguishes between three levels of performance in film: filmmaking performance, performances as text and cultural performances. The theory is grounded within four films which were researched for this thesis: Once Were Warriors (Lee Tamahori, 1994), Rats in the Ranks (Bob Connolly and Robin Anderson,1996), beDevil (Tracey Moffatt, 1993) and Link-Up Diary (David MacDougall, 1987). Section Three undertakes the close analyses of the latter two films. These analyses address specific cultural performances that are performed across cultures and which are concerned particularly with Australian societys relationship with indigenous Australians.
¶
Section One locates Turners concept of cultural performance within his wider theory of social drama and introduces the three-tiered mode of analysis which is developed throughout this thesis. His concept of liminality is also investigated in order to consider specific relationships between performances which take place in film and theatre. Performances which take place in film are located in this Section within the theatrical understanding of performance as for an audience. I describe this relationship between performances in film and theatre through Kristevas interpretation of Bakhtins concept of heteroglossia as intertextuality, especially through her distinction of a transformative intertextuality. Three specific concepts from theatre and performance theory are interrogated for their relevance to film theory:
1. Brechts theory of gest,
2. direct address to the audience in relation to the gaze in film and
3. Rebecca Schneiders conceptualisation of the performance artist.
¶
Using these three tropes of performance, Section Two develops a theory of performance in film. Besides Turners concept of cultural performance, this theory draws on aspects of several other substantial bodies of work. These works include Richard Schechners performance theory, Michael Taussigs understanding of mimesis, Vivian Sobchacks phenomenology of film, Paul Ricoeurs theory of text as meaningful action, Gadamers concept of meaningful play, Bakhtins conceptualisation of a dialogic text and Catherine Bells theory of ritualised behaviour. The two analyses in Section Three do not rigidly follow the three-tiered process of analysis which is developed in the previous two Sections. They rather focus on the films as sites for particular cultural performances which are specific for each film and which need for their description, different aspects of the theory that is offered through this thesis. These analyses especially draw on my interpretation of David MacDougalls transcultural cinema and Jodi Brooks conceptualisation of a gestural practice in film, which she positions both in terms of Brechts theatrical concept of gest and Walter Benjamins concept of the shock of modernity.
¶
The film analyses are of one fiction film, beDevil, and one non-fiction film, Link-Up Diary. Both films use audiovisual images of Aboriginal Australians as content. According the terms of this thesis, these people must also be considered as filmmakers. Although this role may constitute varying degrees of authority and power, a film analysis which considers the filmmaking roles of people whose images are present in the filmic text also allows a particular consideration of the social relationships which exist between people who film and people who are filmed. My focus on the cultural performances of these two films allowed an even closer description of this relationship for two reasons. Firstly, both Moffatt and MacDougall respectively present their own images in the films. Secondly, my analyses of these films as cultural performance draw out and describe the different ways in which the two films address the same social drama: the relationship between indigenous and non-indigenous Australians. My analyses expose how a description of these differences in address can extend beyond the distinction between one film as fiction and the other as non-fiction towards a description of the different ways in which people relate to each other, at both the individual level and at the level of society, through the production and reception of a particular film. While locating these films as cultural performances within in particular sets of social relationships, my consideration of film in this thesis in terms of theatrical performance also enables a description of the experience of film which draws on the social experience of live theatre. The theory developed in this thesis and its application in the analyses of these two films suggest further areas of research which might look more closely at whether or not, or how much people draw from the social practices of live theatre as they live their lives with film a signifying practice which has existed just over one hundred years.
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Healing maori through song and dance? Three case studies of recent New Zealand music theatre.Johnston, Emma Anne January 2007 (has links)
This thesis investigates the way "healing" may be seen to be represented and enacted by three recent New Zealand music theatre productions: Once Were Warriors, the Musical-Drama; The Whale Rider, On Stage; and Footprints/Tapuwae, a bicultural opera. This thesis addresses the ways each of these music theatre productions can be seen to dramatise ideologically informed notions of Maori cultural health through the encounter of Maori performance practices with American and European music theatre forms. Because the original colonial encounter between Maori and Pakeha was a wounding process, it may be possible that in order to construct a theatrical meeting between the "colonised" Maori and the "colonial" non-Maori, "healing" is an essential element by which to foster an idea of the post-colonial, bicultural togetherness of the nation. In all three productions, Maori song and dance forms are incorporated into a distinctive form of western music theatre: the American musical; the international spectacle; Wagnerian opera. Wagner's attempts to regenerate German culture through his music dramas can be compared to Maori renaissance idea(l)s of cultural "healing" through a "return" to Maori myths, traditions and song and dance.
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Determinants of inter-partner learning in an alliance between a national sporting organisation and a professional sport franchise a thesis submitted to AUT University in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Business, 2008.Cleary, Paul. January 2008 (has links)
Thesis (MBus) -- AUT University, 2008. / Includes bibliographical references. Also held in print (x, 130 leaves : ill. ; 30 cm.) in the Archive at the City Campus (T 796.0440993 CLE)
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Retardace, kolaborace a aktivismus armádních elit v Protektorátu Čechy a Morava / Retardation, collaboration and activism of army elite in the Protectorate Bohemia and MoraviaVeselý, Martin January 2014 (has links)
5 Abstract: Dissertation work is concerned with a political activism phenomenon, retardation and programme collaboration of army elite in Bohemia and Moravia Protectorate study. The aim of the work is to explore and chart the public and political life in Bohemia and Moravia Protectorate with a special attention to high Czech commissioned officer activity not only to summarize the acquired information but also to put them into the context with a development of Protectorate autonomous and occupation politics. The Thesis is not only focuses on the activity on the main organisations and their leading personalities but devotes its attention to opinions and points of view of centers of protectorate autonomous and occupation administration towards them, which had an influence on the organisation activity and their leaders. It situates them into the protectorate politics on the background of the events. The Thesis theme concentrates basically on the activity of the main Protektorate organisations and of the former soldiers such as Czech Union of Warriors and Central Union Former Soldiers in Bohemia and Moravia and their leaders - the general Otto Bláha, Robert Rychtrmoc and Bohuslav Kálala. In addition to that it also focuses on the activity of political and statutory organisations called National Conviviality,...
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The warrior ethos within the context of the Ancient Near East : an archaeological and historical comparison between the world-views of warriors of the Fertile CrescentSchneider, Catharina Elizabeth Johanna 01 1900 (has links)
Thesis (D. Litt. et Phil. (Biblical Studies)) / The Fertile Crescent, due to its geographical characteristics, has always been an area troubled with
conflict and warfare. The men who participated in these wars, from ca 2000 BCE to 1000 BCE
operated from an ethos which was governed by a system of rules, all which were conceived to be the
creation of divine will, to which kings and their warriors (keymen) were subject. The cuneiform texts
from Mari, Ugarit, Ebla, Amarna and others, have not only thrown light on the political, social,
religious and military aspects of those turbulent times, but have also given insight into the formation
of armies as well as the commanders who led those armies and the royal officials who governed
cities and provinces, all appointed by the monarch in order to effect the smooth running of his
kingdom. They also shed light on the formation of coalitions and alliances in order to promote
peace, arrange marriages to the daughters of other ruling powers and to promote trade relations.
These were no easy tasks, considering the diversity of peoples, the birth and fall of kingdoms and
empires, and the ever shifting and changes of loyalties of greedy kings and their men, to attain
power and conquest for themselves.. However, these texts also give glimpses of the human side of
the king and the close relationships between himself and his men of authority, whilst the women of
the court also played their role in some areas of the social field. The responses, of these people
towards matters and events, whether they were confrontations, marriage alliances, trade ventures
or hunting expeditions, occurred within an ever changing world yet, it was also a world with an
ethos of ancient traditions, which did not disappear but instead remained, albeit in adapted or
altered form, to be a part of their contextual reality. / Biblical Studies
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The strategic level spiritual warfare theology of C. Peter Wagner and its implications for Chritian mission in MalawiVan der Meer, Erwin 11 1900 (has links)
Strategic level spiritual warfare has been an emerging trend within Evangelical missiology
ever since C. Peter Wagner published his Spiritual Power and Church Growth (1986). The
distinctive doctrines of Wagner’s SLSW are 1. The doctrine of territorial spirits, which
entails the belief that powerful demons control specific geographical territories and its human
inhabitants. Through a variety of spiritual warfare techniques such demons can be overcome.
2. The doctrine of territorial defilement. The assumption here is that a territorial spirit can
only hold people in a location in bondage if it has obtained the legal right to do so because of
sins and evils committed in that locality in the past. Identificational repentance on behalf of
the people living in such territories removes the legal right of the territorial spirits. 3. The
doctrine of Strategic Level Spiritual Warfare prayer. The underlying assumption is that
territorial spirits can only be removed by means of aggressive spiritual warfare in the form of
a variety of prayer and exorcism methods for dealing with territorial spirits. (4) The doctrine
of territorial commitment. This doctrine justifies the exercise of spiritual power and authority
by modern apostles in their communities. Wagner’s missiology has been largely shaped by
the church growth movement. In his quest for better techniques to bring about mass
conversions Wagner, impressed by the Latin American Pentecostal churches, embraced
Pentecostalism and developed SLSW. However, a thorough biblical study demonstrates that
SLSW is mostly unbiblical. A study of SLSW in Church history also demonstrates that
SLSW was never accepted in orthodox Christianity. From a contextual point of view SLSW
turns out to be a North American missiology with nationalist and political biases. Finally,
when looking at the potential effects of a SLSW style missiology in the context of Malawi it
emerges that Wagner’s SLSW is likely to reinforce rather than diminish the prevalent
witchcraft fears in the Malawian society. At the same time SLSW tends to ‘demonize’ other
cultures and thus hinders genuine contextualization. In the final analysis SLSW turns out not
to be a commendable strategy for Christian Mission in Malawi. / Christian Spirituality Church History and Missiology / D. Th. (Missiology)
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“A Bunch of Grapes" : a reading of Lindsey Collen’s The Rape of SitaGillman, Natalie B 23 October 2007 (has links)
This feminist analysis addresses Lindsey Collen’s intertextual use of myth in The Rape of Sita and how her reformation of the parodied texts becomes a resistance to patriarchy. Collen’s examination of possible counteractions against patriarchy is analysed and it is determined whether or not she posits writing, especially demythologization, as the best resistance to patriarchal discourse. Also, her assertion that transformation and a unity of the sexes are needed to bring about equality is studied. The methodology used is qualitative and inductive. The sources are examined and interpreted through close-reading strategies which reveal the complexities of the text and the way in which Collen subverts myth. Classical and Hindu myths and other texts, such as T.S. Eliot’s The Waste Land, are re-read and re-examined to investigate to what extent they have challenged or championed patriarchal ideology, through which it is hoped that a greater understanding of the way in which mythology contributes to attitudes to rape is gained. Three other texts dealing with rape are also studied, in order to better place Collen’s novel in context of the genre. Primarily, feminist criticism, particularly with an African feminist viewpoint, is used. However, because a conflation of post-colonial and postmodern approaches is embedded within feminism, these concepts are dealt with also. Theorists drawn upon include Michel Foucault, Roland Barthes, Mircea Eliade and Margaret Atwood. / Dissertation (MA (English))--University of Pretoria, 2007. / English / MA / unrestricted
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Au-delà des oléoducs : une analyse du discours des mouvements de résurgence autochtone Tiny House Warriors et Water ProtectorsFurrey, Gavin M. 08 1900 (has links)
Ce mémoire s’intéresse aux mouvements sociaux autochtones d’opposition aux oléoducs. Nous cherchons à comprendre pourquoi ces mouvements privilégient l’occupation territoriale comme mode d’action et surtout, quel sens ils donnent à ce type d’action. Nous examinons spécifiquement deux organisations, l'International Indigenous Youth Council (qui s’inscrit dans le mouvement des Water Protectors) opposé à l’oléoduc Dakota Access aux États-Unis, et les Tiny House Warriors, opposé.e.s à l’oléoduc Trans Mountain au Canada. Afin de mieux comprendre ces mouvements, nous avons effectué une analyse de discours à partir de 25-30 vidéos publiées sur Facebook et YouTube pour chaque groupe. Nos résultats mettent en évidence que ces mouvements ne s’opposent pas seulement aux oléoducs, ils ancrent en fait leur action dans un long héritage de résistance au colonialisme de peuplement et dans un projet plus large de (re)construction identitaire, s'inscrivant dans une éthique de la résurgence autochtone. Nous démontrons comment ces mouvements représentent l’occupation comme une réoccupation, à la fois physique et symbolique, du terrain politique. Ainsi, ces mouvements réaffirment par le fait même leurs systèmes de gouvernance traditionnels et leurs pratiques spirituelles. En ce sens, l’opposition aux oléoducs devient presque secondaire, un prétexte pour des objectifs plus larges. Nous soutenons également que bien que ces deux mouvements s’inscrivent dans une même éthique de la résurgence, celle-ci se manifeste différemment en raison du contexte, mais aussi de l’histoire coloniale et des cultures au sein desquelles ces mouvements s’inscrivent. La résurgence autochtone doit en ce sens être située historiquement et culturellement. / This dissertation is interested in indigenous social movements opposing oil pipelines. We are trying to understand why these movements favour territorial occupation as a mode of action and above all, what meaning they give to this type of action. We are looking specifically at two organizations, the International Indigenous Youth Council (part of the Water Protectors movement) opposed to the Dakota Access pipeline in the United States, and the Tiny House Warriors, opposed to the Trans Mountain pipeline in Canada. In order to better understand these movements, we carried out a discourse analysis from 25-30 videos published on Facebook and YouTube for each group. Our results show that these movements do not only oppose the oil pipelines, they in fact anchor their action in a long legacy of resistance to settler colonialism and in a broader project of (re)construction of identity, which is part in an ethics of indigenous resurgence. We demonstrate how these movements represent occupation as a reoccupation, both physical and symbolic, of political space. In doing so, these movements reaffirm their traditional systems of governance and spiritual practices. In this sense, opposition to pipelines becomes almost secondary, a mere pretext for more big picture objectives. We also maintain that although these two movements are part of the same ethic of resurgence, it manifests itself differently because of the context, but also because of the colonial history and the cultures in which these movements are embedded. In this sense, indigenous resurgence must be situated historically and culturally.
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