Bakgrund: Bakgrunden visar att ADHD är en neurologisk sjukdom som ökar allt mer. Inte på grund av att flera människor drabbas utav det, utan för att kunskapen om detta område ökar allt mer för varje år som går. Trots detta är en stor del av Sveriges befolkning idag inte diagnostiserade, vilket främst gäller kvinnor. Syfte: Syftet med denna studie är därför att undersöka upplevelsen av att vara kvinna och att leva med en ADHD-diagnos i vuxen ålder. Metod: Metoden som användes i studien var empirisk med en kvalitativ ansats och är baserad på bloggar skrivna av kvinnor, för att på så sätt komma åt deras upplevelser. Resultat: Resultatet av denna studie visar att många kvinnor har fått kämpa sig till en utredning för att kunna förstå varför de inte fungerar som ”normala” människor. Genom en utredning har de fått diagnosen ADHD, men också fått olika hjälpmedel i form av bland annat medicinering samt ADHD-grupper, för att på så sätt i vuxen ålder lära sig hantera problematiken som denna diagnos medför. Slutsats: Slutsatsen av studien blir att kvinnor som fått en ADHD-diagnos i vuxen ålder upplever fysiologiska såväl som psykologiska besvär. Ilska uttrycks över att ha gått igenom livet med obehandlad ADHD, då detta många gånger påverkat dem negativt. I och med att de fått en diagnos har acceptans och lättnad infunnit sig och det har hjälpt dem vidare i livet. / Background: The background shows that ADHD is a neurological disease that is more common now than it has been before. It is not because of the fact that more people are diagnosed with ADHD nowadays, but because the knowledge about this area is increasing every year. Despite this knowledge there is still a lot of people in Sweden that are not diagnosed, which mainly is a concern for women. Aim: The purpose of this study is to review the experience of being an adult woman and to be diagnosed with ADHD being an adult. Method: The method that was used in this study was empirical with a qualitative approach consisting blogs written by women, in order to get their real life stories and experiences in this area. Result: The result of this study shows that a lot of women had to fight for care to have a referral sent, in order to find out why they are different to others. They have been diagnosed with ADHD, but also been given a lot of help by medicine and ADHD-groups in order to handle the problems in adult age that the diagnosis means. Conclusion: The conclusion of this study shows that women that were diagnosed with ADHD in adult age experience both physical and psychological problems. They express a lot of anger because of going through their whole life with an undiagnosed ADHD, and many times experienced it as something negative. With the ADHD diagnosis there is a feeling of acceptance and relief, which has helped them in life.

In 1698 Christian Kilpatrick concluded a letter to her husband, John Clerk, with the words ‘I rest your loving obedient wife’. These words, or a variation on them, were a common subscript for wives during the seventeenth century. The combination of the words loving and obedient could be used through habit or consciously for effect, yet, in most cases, without any sense of incongruity. The relationship between these terms is at the heart of my thesis. This work explores the nature of the marital relationship during the period 1650 to 1850. It investigates how power was negotiated between couples during a period when marriage was expected to be patriarchal but also to provide happiness and fulfilment for both husband and wife. Throughout, it attempts to identify if and what change occurred over the period. Judith Bennett challenged historians in 1989, and reiterated her call in 2006, to place patriarchy at the centre of women’s history. The thesis takes up that challenge. Through an exploration of power within marital relationships, this thesis highlights how patriarchy operated to confine and restrict women’s social power. It demonstrates that patriarchy was a system that was lived in. Women and men’s understanding of the world and their own identities were shaped by cultural discourses that underpinned the patriarchal system. This thesis reveals that all the operations of married life from love to managing the household to violence were shaped by patriarchal discourses. These discourses were not static but constantly renegotiated through the actions and ideas of individuals, yet throughout the period, the patriarchal system was not fundamentally undermined, but reshaped to meet these challenges. The thesis investigates the operation of this process. It is important to recognise that, as patriarchy was a lived system, it allowed a wide range of behaviours and that people’s response to patriarchy should not only be seen in terms of compliance or resistance. Patriarchy was not only conceived of in terms of male control over women, but in every interaction between the sexes regardless of its motivations. It is through recognising the pervasive nature of patriarchy that historians will no longer contrast, for example, obedience and love, but realise that both obedience and love were part of the system. This interpretation does not undermine other historians’ work in this field, but provides greater explanatory power for patriarchy’s operation and survival. Scottish couples used changing patriarchal discourses in a myriad of ways to shape and explain their experiences. They cooperated, compromised and established power relationships that did not always conform to the ideal, but allowed their marriages to function well and brought them happiness. Not all couples could agree on the balance of power within their relationship leading to arguments and even violence. Yet, while marriages could take a variety of forms, the negotiation of power between couples used a patriarchal script, restricting the language couples used, their expectations and desires and the eventual compromise reached.

No description available.

This thesis addresses how mothers and caregivers take care of sick children in rural north central Nigeria combining secondary analysis of the Nigerian Demographic Health Survey (NDHS) and ethnographic fieldwork in a village in a rural area. Theoretically, the thesis draws on concepts from epidemiology and anthropology in order to analyze and extend understanding of plural health seeking behaviour in a socially disadvantaged setting Methods: Rapid ethnographic assessment of mothers and caregivers in rural village in north central Nigeria was carried out using focus group discussions, household interviews and non participant observation over eight months. Findings: The NDHS analysis showed a social gradient generated by different level exposure to socially patterned risk and protective factors overtime in relation to illness, nutrition and living conditions. These mothers and caregivers were constrained by materialistic and neo materialistic factors shaping their circumstances within their daily lives and within Nigerian society – an example of structural violence. They express human agency in their decisions concerning caring for their children in a way that is shaped by cultural behavioural understandings of social and medical diagnostics of health and illness which is manifested in plural health seeking behaviour.

Chapter 1 comprises a review of the literature on the mental health of women prisoners. Historically, research of this kind has tended to focus on male prisoners. In recent years Government initiatives have promoted prison healthcare to be brought in line with the National Health Service. Through a review of the literature this chapter discusses the mental health of women prisoners, with an emphasis on women in the United Kingdom. Treatment needs and marginalised groups in women’s prisons receive a specific focus and recommendations for future research are considered. Chapter 2 is an empirical study, focussed on The Lived Experiences of Women in the National High Secure Healthcare Service for Women, NHSHSW. Following recent changes in the secure hospital system in the UK, the NHSHSW is now the only high secure hospital for women. The women patients in the NHSHSW are admitted from court, prison or hospital if they are assessed to require high secure conditions by virtue of their perceived dangerousness. Research shows that little is known about the experiences of women in this setting. Using an Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis approach, an idiographic methodology; the experiences of eight women in the NHSHSW are explored. The themes identified are discussed in detail and considered in light of the existing research. Recommendations for further research are discussed. Chapter 3 reflects on the research process. It considers the anxieties of a first time qualitative researcher, a woman researching the experiences of women patients in a, secure setting. Reflections on the research process and the impact on the researcher are considered.

No description available.

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of verbally aggressive messages on women's self-concepts within romantic relationships. Through a qualitative methodological approach, this study examined the effects of such messages in the role of control negotiation, effects on women's self-concepts, and effects on future communication patterns. Through one-on-one interviews, women who have previously been in verbally abusive relationships were given the opportunity to share their individual stories through a narrative analysis. In addition, the theories of Communication Theory of Identity and Relationship Scripts were applied to understand the relationship between the effects of the messages on attitudes, behaviors, sense of identity, and communication patterns of the participants.The results indicated negative effects on victims who have experienced verbally abusive relationships. The need for control exemplified by the male aggressors resulted in compliance by the participants. The participants also experienced lower self-esteem and change or loss of personal identity, which affected communication in subsequent romantic relationships. / Department of Speech Communication

This study is an analysis of the relationship between adult romantic attachment, relationship satisfaction and relationship contingent self-esteem (RCSE). It was hypothesized that the relationship between attachment and relationship satisfaction is partially or fully mediated by RCSE. Participants (N=200) from a mid-sized Midwestern university were surveyed with the following scales: Experiences in Close Relationships Scale – Revised, Adult Attachment Questionnaire, Relationship Contingent Self-Esteem Scale, Contingencies of Self-Worth Scale, Relationship Assessment Scale, Dyadic Adjustment Scale and a demographic questionnaire. This analysis utilized Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to assess whether RCSE is either a partial or fully mediating construct between attachment and relationship satisfaction. The current maximum likelihood estimates have shown that neither of these models (either partially or fully mediating) are accurate. The partially mediated model showed significant pathway coefficients between attachment and relationship satisfaction, which is congruent with previous research. However, prior to the current study, minimal research has been conducted to assess the relationship between attachment and RCSE. Future research must assess the potentiality of alternative influences such as trauma or levels of commitment have on RCSE. / Department of Counseling Psychology and Guidance Services

The purpose of the current study is to understand the reintroduction of taboo topics between romantic dating partners. Through a qualitative methodological approach, the current study discovers the most prominent taboo topic between romantic partners, why romantic partners reintroduce taboo topics, and what effect the reintroduction has on the relationship. The findings present that “previous relationships” is the most prominent taboo topic. Partners either avoid the taboo topic discussion altogether or the taboo topic discussion is reintroduced because a situation occurred in which one partner saw, spoke with, or spent time with a previous partner. Finally, the current study found that reintroducing taboo topics causes conflict and the use of self-protective mechanisms within the relationship. / Department of Communication Studies

The purpose of this study was to determine the nature of role conflict experienced by married black woman educators by means of a review of literature and an empirical investigation. The empirical study was also aimed at determining role conflict factors experienced to a great extent and those experienced to a slight extent. Chapter 1 deals with the problem statement, aims of the research and the methods employed to achieve the purpose of the study. The second chapter highlights the nature of the woman's role. The description of the role was given. This chapter also provided a discussion of the legal framework on the role of a woman as indicated by the legislation of the Republic of South Africa, mostly guided by the Constitution, which remains the supreme law of the country. The discussion of the nature of women's role within the home was given. Discussions on a woman as a homemaker and a mother and the physical, spiritual, moral, social, and emotional welfare were given. The nature of women's roles outside the home was presented. In the third chapter the nature of role conflict was investigated. The description of role conflict was laid out. Attention was given to a discussion of both the intra-role conflict and inter-role conflict. Factors contributing to a woman educator experiencing intra-role conflict within her home and profession were discussed. Factors contributing towards inter-role conflict were also identified and discussed. The empirical research design, questionnaire as research tool and the construction of the questionnaire were discussed in chapter four. The duly completed questionnaires returned by the woman educators as respondents were empirically analysed and interpreted in this chapter. The last chapter, chapter five, gives a summary of all the chapters, the research findings and recommendations based on the research findings derived from the previous chapters as well as an ultimate statement. The research findings indicate that most of the respondents expect their husbands to support them physically and psychologically. It is found that in addition to lack of support from husbands, time constraints are another main contributing factor towards role conflict experienced by woman educators. Despite their hard work, they are unable to accomplish all that they need to. These two factors: lack of spouse support and time constraints, need to be given the necessary attention in future research. / Thesis (M.Ed.)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2004.