<p>Omorganisationer har blivit allt vanligare och utgör en naturlig del i arbetslivet. En organisationsförändring innebär ett stresspåslag oavsett om individen upplever förändringen som positiv eller negativ. Mot denna bakgrund har syftet med studien varit att undersöka hur några enhetschefer vid en kommunal enhet upplevt och hanterat en pågående omorganisation. Fokus har legat på förekommande stressorer och användandet av olika copingstrategier. Sex enhetschefer har intervjuats om hur de upplevt och hanterat en pågående omorganisation. De förmedlade ett missnöje kring hur omorganisationen genomförts. Särskilt påtalades informationsbrist och låg delaktighet vilket i sin tur skadat enhetschefernas förtroende för ledningen. Dessa stressfaktorer har hanterats olika av enhetscheferna. Vanligast förekommande var emotionsfokuserade copingstrategier vilket sågs som en följd av en arbetssituation präglad av lågt beslutsutrymme. Användandet av problemfokuserade copingstrategier fanns företrädesvis hos de enhetschefer med högre grad av kontroll i sitt arbete.</p>

Omorganisationer har blivit allt vanligare och utgör en naturlig del i arbetslivet. En organisationsförändring innebär ett stresspåslag oavsett om individen upplever förändringen som positiv eller negativ. Mot denna bakgrund har syftet med studien varit att undersöka hur några enhetschefer vid en kommunal enhet upplevt och hanterat en pågående omorganisation. Fokus har legat på förekommande stressorer och användandet av olika copingstrategier. Sex enhetschefer har intervjuats om hur de upplevt och hanterat en pågående omorganisation. De förmedlade ett missnöje kring hur omorganisationen genomförts. Särskilt påtalades informationsbrist och låg delaktighet vilket i sin tur skadat enhetschefernas förtroende för ledningen. Dessa stressfaktorer har hanterats olika av enhetscheferna. Vanligast förekommande var emotionsfokuserade copingstrategier vilket sågs som en följd av en arbetssituation präglad av lågt beslutsutrymme. Användandet av problemfokuserade copingstrategier fanns företrädesvis hos de enhetschefer med högre grad av kontroll i sitt arbete.

Submariners are exposed to a unique range of stressors, such as cramped living conditions, lack of privacy, extended periods of isolation and confinement, lack of sunlight, and constant threat. These are in addition to those associated with the military environment. Due to the dangers of the work and potential for disastrous consequences, submariners need to be emotionally stable and possess good coping skills. Previous research on the Royal Australian Navy (RAN) Submarine Service indicated a need for further support to improve individual coping and organisational outcomes. Based on this research, current attitudes towards Submarine Service were examined, such as views on working hours, job demands, training and preparation, and being a submariner. Going one step further, this study investigated the effectiveness of a multimodal cognitive behavioural workplace stress management intervention with RAN submariners. A quasi-experimental design was employed and the eight-session intervention was conducted with operational submariners whilst they were working on shore. Work outcomes measured included job satisfaction, job performance, and sickbay attendance, and psychological outcomes examined were stress and strain symptoms, depression, anxiety, coping resources, health and general wellbeing. These outcomes were assessed through self-report both at sea and on shore. Stress symptoms, vocational strain, interpersonal strain, and role overload strain all decreased after the intervention, and use of social support as a coping resource and confidence in job performance both increased. Unfortunately, however, these changes were not sustained in the sea-going environment. These results are discussed in light of previous research, and recommendations for the organisation and for future research are outlined.

Die studie foku.s op die verwantskap tussen sin vir koherensie as 'n intrinsieke hanteringsbron aan die een kant, en elk van streshantering, algemene gesondheid en sielkundige uitbranding aan die antler kant. Vraelyste wat hierdie veranderlikes meet is aan 200 bestuurders gegee om te voltooi. Die bevindinge van hierdie studie toon aan dat bestuurders met 'n hoi! sin vir koherensie goeie algemene gesondheid geniet. Die bestuurder met 'n hoi! sin vir koherensie behoon dus meer e.ffektief te junksioneer in die werksiruasie as die bestuurder met 'n lae sin vir koherensie. Voons is ook bevind dar 'n hoi! sin vir koherensie nie noodwendig aanleiding gee tot lae vlakke van stres of van sielkundige uitbranding nie. Aanbevelings word gedoen oor hoe om die negatiewe gevolge van stres en sielkundige uitbranding te venninder en algemene gesondheid te bevorder, ten einde die bestuurder se potensiaal optimaal benut. / This study focuses on the relationship between sense of coherence as an intrinsic coping mechanism. and work stress, general health and psychological burnout. To measure these variables, questionnaires were completed by 200 managers. The findings of this study indicate that managers with a high sense of coherence experience good general health. The manager with a high sense of coherence should therefore junction more efficiently in a work situation·than the manager with a low sense of coherence. It was also found that a high sense of coherence does not necessarily lead to low levels of stress nor of psychological burnout. Recommentfations are made on how to reduce the negative effects of stress and psychological burnout and how to improve general health in order to make optimal use of the manager's potential. / Industrial and Organisational Psychology / MCom (Bedryfsielkunde)

Die studie foku.s op die verwantskap tussen sin vir koherensie as 'n intrinsieke hanteringsbron aan die een kant, en elk van streshantering, algemene gesondheid en sielkundige uitbranding aan die antler kant. Vraelyste wat hierdie veranderlikes meet is aan 200 bestuurders gegee om te voltooi. Die bevindinge van hierdie studie toon aan dat bestuurders met 'n hoi! sin vir koherensie goeie algemene gesondheid geniet. Die bestuurder met 'n hoi! sin vir koherensie behoon dus meer e.ffektief te junksioneer in die werksiruasie as die bestuurder met 'n lae sin vir koherensie. Voons is ook bevind dar 'n hoi! sin vir koherensie nie noodwendig aanleiding gee tot lae vlakke van stres of van sielkundige uitbranding nie. Aanbevelings word gedoen oor hoe om die negatiewe gevolge van stres en sielkundige uitbranding te venninder en algemene gesondheid te bevorder, ten einde die bestuurder se potensiaal optimaal benut. / This study focuses on the relationship between sense of coherence as an intrinsic coping mechanism. and work stress, general health and psychological burnout. To measure these variables, questionnaires were completed by 200 managers. The findings of this study indicate that managers with a high sense of coherence experience good general health. The manager with a high sense of coherence should therefore junction more efficiently in a work situation·than the manager with a low sense of coherence. It was also found that a high sense of coherence does not necessarily lead to low levels of stress nor of psychological burnout. Recommentfations are made on how to reduce the negative effects of stress and psychological burnout and how to improve general health in order to make optimal use of the manager's potential. / Industrial and Organisational Psychology / MCom (Bedryfsielkunde)