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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
31

Využití laboratorního fermentoru k produkci lipáz vybranými mikroorganismy

Perďoch, Roman January 2010 (has links)
No description available.
32

Optimisation de la production d’érythritol chez la levure non-conventionnelle Yarrowia lipolytica

Carly, Frédéric 09 November 2017 (has links)
L’érythritol est un polyol aux propriétés édulcorantes utilisé comme substitut de sucre par l’industrie agroalimentaire. Le but principal du projet est l’amélioration du procédé de production d’érythritol par génie métabolique. L’idée est de construire des souches surexprimant les gènes liés à la voie de synthèse de l’érythritol. L’objectif principal est donc d’identifier les gènes clés permettant d’augmenter la synthèse d’érythritol et d’évaluer cette dernière en bioréacteur.Parallèlement à cela, un autre objectif est d’identifier les gènes liés au catabolisme de l’érythritol. En effet, Y. lipolytica est capable de produire de l’érythritol, mais aussi de le reconsommer en cas d’absence d’autre source de carbone. L’objectif est donc d’identifier les gènes liés au catabolisme de l’érythritol afin de les déléter, et ainsi obtenir une souche capable de produire de grandes quantités d’érythritol sans le reconsommer en fin de culture.Les résultats obtenus ont permis d’identifier les étapes clés de la voie de synthèse de l’érythritol et d’obtenir des souches à haut rendement et productivité par génie génétique. Par ailleurs, deux gènes de la voie de dégradation de l’érythritol ont pu être identifiés pour la première fois chez une levure. En combinant la surexpression de gènes liés à la synthèse de l’érythritol et la délétion de gènes liés à sa dégradation, une souche présentant une productivité 74% plus importante que la souche sauvage a pu être créée. Par ailleurs, une souche capable de convertir l’érythritol en érythrulose, un autre composé d’intérêt, a également pu être construite. / Doctorat en Sciences agronomiques et ingénierie biologique / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
33

Studium produkce lipáz pomocí vybraných mikroorganizmů / Study of lipase production using selected microorganisms

Rošková, Hana January 2014 (has links)
Diploma thesis was aimed at studying of lipolytic activity of seven microorganisms, at which this activity was previously assumed or already confirmed. Theoretical part deals with the general characteristics of lipoyltic enzymes, specifics of microbial lipases and their industrial application, with an emphasis on food industry. Experimental part deals with the study of seven microorganisms and their lipolytic activity at the presence of a carbohydrate (glucose) or a lipid (canola oil) or both, as a source of carbon. For further testing were singled out Rhodotorula minuta nad Yarrowia lipolytica. This yeasts were subsequently tested for lipolytic aktivity at the presence of different vegetable oils (olive, sunflower, canola oil and waste cooking oil), nitrogen sources of organic and inorganic origin (urea, yeast extract, amonnium chloride, amonnium sulfate) and also a addition of detergent, which is commonly used in food industry or other food facilities.
34

Análise fisiológica e cinética do crescimento da levedura oleaginosa yarrowia lipolytica IMUFRJ 50682 em diferentes fontes de carbono. / Physiological and kinetic analysis of the growth of the oleaginous yeast Yarrowia lipolytica IMUFRJ 50682 on different carbon sources.

Oliveira, Pedro Henrique Santos 12 August 2014 (has links)
Yarrowia lipolytica é uma levedura estritamente aeróbia e oleaginosa, pertencente ao filo Ascomycota. Atualmente é uma das espécies de levedura não convencional mais estudadas para aplicações biotecnológicas. Se comparada a outras leveduras, como Saccharomyces cerevisiae, observam-se notáveis distinções relacionadas a sua fisiologia, genética e filogenia. É conhecida sua capacidade de excretar altas quantidades de ácidos orgânicos (ácidos cítrico, isocítrico, cetoglutárico e pirúvico) e de secretar diferentes enzimas (lipases, proteases etc.), permitindo a degradação de diferentes substratos, incluindo os de caráter hidrofóbico. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo implementar técnicas de cultivo em meio sólido ou líquido para a levedura Yarrowia lipolytica IMUFRJ 50682, que permitissem avaliar sua capacidade em utilizar diferentes fontes de carbono, além de calcular os principais parâmetros da fisiologia celular, como velocidades específicas e fatores de conversão. Nos cultivos em meio sólido, verificou-se que esta levedura apresenta fraco ou nenhum crescimento nas fontes de carbono sacarose, xilose, citrato e acetato. Além disto, observou-se que a tiamina é fator de crescimento essencial ao desenvolvimento desta levedura quando cultivada em glicose e glicerol. Verificou-se também que esta linhagem apresenta maior tolerância ao NaCl, se comparada à linhagem Y. lipolytica W29 (tradicionalmente empregada nos estudos acadêmicos). Nos cultivos em meio líquido, foi estabelecida uma composição de meio de cultivo totalmente definido, que permitiu o crescimento desta levedura com velocidade específica máxima de 0,35 h-1 em glicose e 0,46 h-1 em glicerol, como únicas fontes de carbono. Nestes cultivos, os fatores de conversão de substrato a células, durante a fase exponencial de crescimento, foram 0,32 g de massa seca de células/g glicose e 0,48 g de massa seca de células/g glicerol. Durante os cultivos em meio líquido, que foram realizados a 28 oC e 200 rotações por minuto em incubador rotativo, empregando frascos do tipo erlenmeyer com deflectores, fechados com algodão e um quinto do volume ocupado com meio líquido e 2,5 g.l-1 iniciais da fonte de carbono, não foi observada a formação de nenhum metabólito extracelular, o que é indicativo de um metabolismo energético puramente respiratório. Nestas condições, usando-se ureia como fonte de nitrogênio, o pH permaneceu estável do início ao final dos cultivos. Observou-se também que a levedura estudada não é capaz de crescer em pH menor que 2,0. / Yarrowia lipolytica is a dimorphic, strictly aerobic and oleaginous yeast belonging to the phylum Ascomycota. It is currently one of the non-conventional yeast species most studied for biotechnological applications. If compared to other yeasts, such as S. cerevisiae, notable distinctions are observable related to its physiology, genetics and phylogeny. It is well known for its ability to secrete high quantities of organic acids (citric acid, isocitric acid, ketoglutaric acid and pyruvic acid) and innate ability to secrete various enzymes (lipases, proteases etc.), which allows the species to degrade different substrates, including hydrophobic ones. The present work aimed at the implementation of cultivation techniques in solid or liquid media for the yeast Yarrowia lipolytica IMUFRJ 50682, enabling to assess its ability to assimilate different carbon sources, and to calculates the main parameters of cellular physiology, such as specific growth rate and specific yields. In solid media assays, it was found that Yarrowia lipolytica IMUFRJ 50682 presents a weak to almost null growth when sucrose, xylose, citrate and acetate are used as sole carbon sources. Furthermore, it was observed that thiamine is an essential growth factor for the proper assimilation of the carbon sources glucose and glycerol. Response towards osmotic stress was assessed in complex solid media, in which the strain Yarrowia lipolytica IMUFRJ 50682 exhibited higher halotolerance, up to 1,0 M NaCl, if compared to the other strain Yarrowia lipolytica W29 (traditionally employed in academic studies). A defined liquid medium composition was adapted, enabling the assessment of the specific growth rates for both strains, of which Yarrowia lipolytica IMUFRJ 50682 exhibited specific growth rates of 0.35 h-1 on glucose and 0.46 h-1 on glycerol, when used individually as sole carbon sources. On those assays, the substrate to biomass yields, during the exponential growth phase, was 0.32 g cell dry weight/g glucose and 0.48 g cell dry weight/g glycerol. During the cultivations in liquid medium, which were carried out in thermostatted orbital shaker incubator at 200 rpm and 28 oC, employing baffled cotton capped erlenmeyer flasks with a fifth of its volume occupied with the growth medium and 2.5 g.l-1 of the carbon source of choice, it was not observed any extracellular metabolic formation, indicating a pure respiratory metabolism. The addition of urea as nitrogen source was crucial at maintaining a stable pH during the whole cultivations. It was also observed that the studied yeast strains are not capable of growing at a pH lower than 2.0.
35

Análise fisiológica e cinética do crescimento da levedura oleaginosa yarrowia lipolytica IMUFRJ 50682 em diferentes fontes de carbono. / Physiological and kinetic analysis of the growth of the oleaginous yeast Yarrowia lipolytica IMUFRJ 50682 on different carbon sources.

Pedro Henrique Santos Oliveira 12 August 2014 (has links)
Yarrowia lipolytica é uma levedura estritamente aeróbia e oleaginosa, pertencente ao filo Ascomycota. Atualmente é uma das espécies de levedura não convencional mais estudadas para aplicações biotecnológicas. Se comparada a outras leveduras, como Saccharomyces cerevisiae, observam-se notáveis distinções relacionadas a sua fisiologia, genética e filogenia. É conhecida sua capacidade de excretar altas quantidades de ácidos orgânicos (ácidos cítrico, isocítrico, cetoglutárico e pirúvico) e de secretar diferentes enzimas (lipases, proteases etc.), permitindo a degradação de diferentes substratos, incluindo os de caráter hidrofóbico. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo implementar técnicas de cultivo em meio sólido ou líquido para a levedura Yarrowia lipolytica IMUFRJ 50682, que permitissem avaliar sua capacidade em utilizar diferentes fontes de carbono, além de calcular os principais parâmetros da fisiologia celular, como velocidades específicas e fatores de conversão. Nos cultivos em meio sólido, verificou-se que esta levedura apresenta fraco ou nenhum crescimento nas fontes de carbono sacarose, xilose, citrato e acetato. Além disto, observou-se que a tiamina é fator de crescimento essencial ao desenvolvimento desta levedura quando cultivada em glicose e glicerol. Verificou-se também que esta linhagem apresenta maior tolerância ao NaCl, se comparada à linhagem Y. lipolytica W29 (tradicionalmente empregada nos estudos acadêmicos). Nos cultivos em meio líquido, foi estabelecida uma composição de meio de cultivo totalmente definido, que permitiu o crescimento desta levedura com velocidade específica máxima de 0,35 h-1 em glicose e 0,46 h-1 em glicerol, como únicas fontes de carbono. Nestes cultivos, os fatores de conversão de substrato a células, durante a fase exponencial de crescimento, foram 0,32 g de massa seca de células/g glicose e 0,48 g de massa seca de células/g glicerol. Durante os cultivos em meio líquido, que foram realizados a 28 oC e 200 rotações por minuto em incubador rotativo, empregando frascos do tipo erlenmeyer com deflectores, fechados com algodão e um quinto do volume ocupado com meio líquido e 2,5 g.l-1 iniciais da fonte de carbono, não foi observada a formação de nenhum metabólito extracelular, o que é indicativo de um metabolismo energético puramente respiratório. Nestas condições, usando-se ureia como fonte de nitrogênio, o pH permaneceu estável do início ao final dos cultivos. Observou-se também que a levedura estudada não é capaz de crescer em pH menor que 2,0. / Yarrowia lipolytica is a dimorphic, strictly aerobic and oleaginous yeast belonging to the phylum Ascomycota. It is currently one of the non-conventional yeast species most studied for biotechnological applications. If compared to other yeasts, such as S. cerevisiae, notable distinctions are observable related to its physiology, genetics and phylogeny. It is well known for its ability to secrete high quantities of organic acids (citric acid, isocitric acid, ketoglutaric acid and pyruvic acid) and innate ability to secrete various enzymes (lipases, proteases etc.), which allows the species to degrade different substrates, including hydrophobic ones. The present work aimed at the implementation of cultivation techniques in solid or liquid media for the yeast Yarrowia lipolytica IMUFRJ 50682, enabling to assess its ability to assimilate different carbon sources, and to calculates the main parameters of cellular physiology, such as specific growth rate and specific yields. In solid media assays, it was found that Yarrowia lipolytica IMUFRJ 50682 presents a weak to almost null growth when sucrose, xylose, citrate and acetate are used as sole carbon sources. Furthermore, it was observed that thiamine is an essential growth factor for the proper assimilation of the carbon sources glucose and glycerol. Response towards osmotic stress was assessed in complex solid media, in which the strain Yarrowia lipolytica IMUFRJ 50682 exhibited higher halotolerance, up to 1,0 M NaCl, if compared to the other strain Yarrowia lipolytica W29 (traditionally employed in academic studies). A defined liquid medium composition was adapted, enabling the assessment of the specific growth rates for both strains, of which Yarrowia lipolytica IMUFRJ 50682 exhibited specific growth rates of 0.35 h-1 on glucose and 0.46 h-1 on glycerol, when used individually as sole carbon sources. On those assays, the substrate to biomass yields, during the exponential growth phase, was 0.32 g cell dry weight/g glucose and 0.48 g cell dry weight/g glycerol. During the cultivations in liquid medium, which were carried out in thermostatted orbital shaker incubator at 200 rpm and 28 oC, employing baffled cotton capped erlenmeyer flasks with a fifth of its volume occupied with the growth medium and 2.5 g.l-1 of the carbon source of choice, it was not observed any extracellular metabolic formation, indicating a pure respiratory metabolism. The addition of urea as nitrogen source was crucial at maintaining a stable pH during the whole cultivations. It was also observed that the studied yeast strains are not capable of growing at a pH lower than 2.0.
36

Die Beeinflussung der Succinatproduktion durch die veränderte Aktivität der Succinyl-CoA Synthetase und der Pyruvat-Carboxylase in Yarrowia lipolytica

Kretzschmar, Anne 04 October 2010 (has links) (PDF)
Succinat und ihre Derivate werden in vielfältiger Weise in den Bereichen Tenside, Lebensmittel, Pharmazeutika und Polymere angewendet. Aufgrund der derzeit kostenintensiven petrochemischen Synthese ist die aerobe nicht-konventionelle Hefe Yarrowia (Y.) lipolytica für die biotechnologische Succinatsynthese von großem Interesse. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurde das Potential dieser Hefe für eine industrielle Succinatproduktion unter Betrachtung des Einflusses der enzymatischen Aktivitäten von Succinyl-CoA Synthetase und Pyruvat-Carboxylase auf die Succinatsynthese untersucht. Es wurde eine Steigerung der Succinatausbeute um 40 % durch die Erhöhung der Pyruvat-Carboxylase Aktivität um den Faktor 7-8 gemeinsam mit der Deletion des Gens der β Untereinheit der Succinyl-CoA Synthetase im genetisch veränderten Y. lipolytica Stamm H222-AK10 (mcPYC Δscs2) erzielt. Unter Verwendung von Glycerol als C-Quelle wurde eine Erhöhung der Succinatbildung der Transformande H222 AK10 im Vergleich zum Wildtyp von 5,1 ± 0,7 g/l auf 8,7 ± 1,6 g/l nachgewiesen. Die Raum-Zeit-Ausbeute dieses Hefestammes verdoppelte sich von 11,9 ± 1,3 mg/l*h auf 21,9 ± 2,5 mg/l*h. Eine Erhöhung der Sekretion organischer Säuren gelang hingegen nicht durch den alleinigen Verlust der Succinyl-CoA Synthetase Aktivität in den Stämmen H222-AK4 (scs1::URA3), H222-AK8 (scs2:.URA3) und H222-AK9 (scs1::URA3 Δscs2) oder durch die alleinige Aktivitätserhöhung der Pyruvat-Carboxylase in H222-AK1 (mcPYC). Des Weiteren wurde ein Y. lipolytica Stamm erzeugt, der durch die Überexpression der für die Succinyl-CoA Synthetase kodierenden Gene SCS1 und SCS2 charakterisiert ist. Die Transformande H222 AK2 (mcSCS1 mcSCS2) bildete unter den gleichen Kultivierungsbedingungen durchschnittlich 2 g/l weniger Succinat als der Wildtyp (5,1 ± 0,7 g/l). Auch die zusätzliche Erhöhung der Pyruvat-Carboxylase Aktivität um den Faktor 4 in der Transformande H222 AK3 (mcPYC mcSCS1 mcSCS2) konnte den negativen Effekt der erhöhten Gen-Dosen von SCS1 und SCS2 auf die Succinatsynthese nicht aufheben. Dementsprechend wurden für H222-AK3 eine Succinatausbeute von 3,1 ± 0,3 g/l bestimmt.
37

Efeitos de baixas doses de radiação gama no crescimento e na síntese lipídica de Yarrowia lipolytica / Effect of low doses of gamma radiation on the growth and lipid synthesis of Yarrowia lipolytica

Aline da Silva Delabio 28 January 2016 (has links)
Os lipídios microbianos apresentam composição similar aos óleos vegetais, e tem despertado o interesse de muitos pesquisadores, uma vez que podem suprir a demanda por óleos e gorduras. Além disso, estudos demonstram que ao submeter um microrganismo a baixas doses de radiação gama, estímulos são promovidos, podendo aumentar a função, a resistência celular, e o crescimento. Objetivou-se com esse estudo: avaliar os efeitos de baixas doses de radiação gama no crescimento e na síntese lipídica de Yarrowia lipolytica. A levedura foi submetida às doses de: (controle) 0,3; 0,5; 0,75; 1,0; 1,25 e 2,5 kGy de radiação gama, sob taxa de dose de 0,259 kGy/h. Foi utilizada câmara de Neubauer para determinação da viabilidade celular da levedura. Uma curva de crescimento e outra de sobrevivência foi determinada por densidade óptica em um espectrofotômetro. Posteriormente, a levedura foi inoculada em meio composto por xarope de cana-de-açúcar e vinhaça, e incubada por 7, 14 e 21 dias para a obtenção da biomassa seca, por liofilização, e da síntese lipídica, por metodologia de extração. A irradiação não interferiu na produção de biomassa seca, no crescimento e na sobrevivência da levedura Y. lipolytica. O período de incubação afetou a produção final de biomassa, sendo a maior produção obtida no 14° dia (13,46 g/L). Para os resultados de síntese lipídica, observou-se interferência na produção final, durante 21 dias de incubação e dose de 0,5 kGy, com produção de 4,17 g/L (34,94%). Conclui-se que não foi observado o efeito hormético durante as análises de crescimento, sobrevivência e produção de biomassa, quando submetidas às doses de radiação. Este efeito foi observado apenas durante a síntese lipídica, quando avaliadas as junções entre dose de radiação e período de incubação / Microbial lipids present similar composition to vegetable oils and has aroused great interest among researchers. In addition, studies show that by submitting a microorganism to low doses of gamma radiation, stimuli are promoted, which could increase the function, cell resistance, and the growth. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of low doses of gamma radiation on the growth and lipid synthesis of Yarrowia lipolytica. The yeast received irradiation doses of: (control); 0.3; 0.5; 0.75; 1.0; 1.25 and 2.5 kGy gamma radiation dose rate in 0.259 kGy/h. Neubauer Chamber was used to analyze cell viability of the yeast. A growth curve and survival curve was determined by spectrophotometry. Then, the yeast was inoculated in the medium composed of syrup sugarcane and vinasse and incubated for 7, 14 and 21 days for the obtaining of dry biomass, by lyophilization, and lipid synthesis, by extraction methodology. The low doses of irradiation had no effect on the growth, survival, and production of dry biomass of Y. lipolytica. For the incubation periods, there was interference in the final production; the highest production was obtained on day 14 (13.46 g/L). The results for lipid synthesis revealed interference with the final production of lipids, being better at a dose of 0.5 kGy to 21 days incubation with yield of 4.17 g/L (34.94%). In conclusion, the low doses of irradiation had no effect on the growth, survival and biomass production of Y. lipolytica. Hormetic effect was observed only in the lipid synthesis, when the radiation dose was associated with the incubation time
38

Mécanismes physiologiques et biologiques induits chez yarrowia lipolytyica en réponse à des modifications de l'environnement physico-chimique des cellules / Physiologic and biologic mechanisms induced in Yarrowia lipolytica in response to physico-chemical modifications of cells environment

Ta, Thi Minh Ngoc 28 April 2010 (has links)
Les composés hydrophobes sont connus comme des sources de carbone qui peuvent être utilisées par les levures comme Yarrowia lipolytica pour de multiples applications. Ces composés causent parfois des perturbations aux levures mais sont aussi rapportés comme conférant aux cellules une certaine résistance contre les stress environnementaux. Dans le cadre de cette thèse, nous avons étudié le rôle de l'oléate de méthyle comme source de carbone sur la résistance de la levure Y. lipolytica en réponse au choc d’un composé amphiphile, la -dodécalactone, et au stress thermique. Les résultats obtenus montrent que les cellules ayant poussé sur oléate sont beaucoup plus résistantes au choc lactone ainsi qu’au stress thermique que les cellules ayant poussé sur glucose. L’action de la lactone se trouve au niveau de la membrane où elle cause une fluidification membranaire et une déplétion de stérols qui sont considérés comme la cause de la mort cellulaire. Ce travail met en évidence le rôle des corps lipidiques dans la réponse cellulaire qui se manifeste de différentes manières en réponse à ces stress. Une accumulation des corps lipidiques est importante pour la résistance de la cellule aux stress. Les cellules ayant poussé sur glucose transforment leur stérol libre en esters de stéryle pour former les corps lipidiques en réponse au choc lactone, ce qui augmente leur sensibilité. Tandis que les cellules ayant poussé sur oléate qui ont accumulé des corps lipidiques pendant leur croissance ont tendance à convertir leurs esters de stéryle en stérol libre pour compenser la déplétion de stérol membranaire causée par la lactone ce qui diminue leur sensibilité. L'homéostasie de l'ergostérol, liée à la présence de corps lipidiques, semble donc jouer un rôle clé dans la résistance cellulaire à ces stress. Ce travail relève aussi que la présence de lipides modifie le processus de mort cellulaire programmée de Y. lipolytica en réponse à un stress thermique. / Hydrophobe compounds are known as carbon source which could be used by yeast like Yarrowia lipolytica for multi purposes. These compounds may cause disturbance in yeast but also reported as confer some resistance to cells towards environmental stress. Here, we study the role of methyl oleate as carbon source on resistance of Y. lipolytica in response to stress of an amphiphilic compound, -dodecalactone, and to heat shock. Results show that cells grown in oleate are more resistant to these stresses than cells grown in glucose. This work reveals the role of the lipids bodies in cells response to stress and that cells manifest in different ways in response to these stresses. An accumulation of lipids bodies is required for the resistance of cells towards stress as glucose grown cells transform their free sterol into steryl esters to form the lipids bodies in response to lactone shock which increases their sensibility towards lactone. In the case of oleate grown cells which accumulated the lipids bodies during their growth, these cells have tendency to convert their steryl esters into free sterol in order to compensate sterol depletion causing by lactone shock and decrease their sensibility. Homeostasis of ergosterol, linked with presence of lipids bodies, seems to be the key for cellular resistance to stresses. This work reveals also that the presence of lipids bodies modifies the processes of programmed cells death in response to heat shock.
39

Efeitos de baixas doses de radiação gama no crescimento e na síntese lipídica de Yarrowia lipolytica / Effect of low doses of gamma radiation on the growth and lipid synthesis of Yarrowia lipolytica

Delabio, Aline da Silva 28 January 2016 (has links)
Os lipídios microbianos apresentam composição similar aos óleos vegetais, e tem despertado o interesse de muitos pesquisadores, uma vez que podem suprir a demanda por óleos e gorduras. Além disso, estudos demonstram que ao submeter um microrganismo a baixas doses de radiação gama, estímulos são promovidos, podendo aumentar a função, a resistência celular, e o crescimento. Objetivou-se com esse estudo: avaliar os efeitos de baixas doses de radiação gama no crescimento e na síntese lipídica de Yarrowia lipolytica. A levedura foi submetida às doses de: (controle) 0,3; 0,5; 0,75; 1,0; 1,25 e 2,5 kGy de radiação gama, sob taxa de dose de 0,259 kGy/h. Foi utilizada câmara de Neubauer para determinação da viabilidade celular da levedura. Uma curva de crescimento e outra de sobrevivência foi determinada por densidade óptica em um espectrofotômetro. Posteriormente, a levedura foi inoculada em meio composto por xarope de cana-de-açúcar e vinhaça, e incubada por 7, 14 e 21 dias para a obtenção da biomassa seca, por liofilização, e da síntese lipídica, por metodologia de extração. A irradiação não interferiu na produção de biomassa seca, no crescimento e na sobrevivência da levedura Y. lipolytica. O período de incubação afetou a produção final de biomassa, sendo a maior produção obtida no 14° dia (13,46 g/L). Para os resultados de síntese lipídica, observou-se interferência na produção final, durante 21 dias de incubação e dose de 0,5 kGy, com produção de 4,17 g/L (34,94%). Conclui-se que não foi observado o efeito hormético durante as análises de crescimento, sobrevivência e produção de biomassa, quando submetidas às doses de radiação. Este efeito foi observado apenas durante a síntese lipídica, quando avaliadas as junções entre dose de radiação e período de incubação / Microbial lipids present similar composition to vegetable oils and has aroused great interest among researchers. In addition, studies show that by submitting a microorganism to low doses of gamma radiation, stimuli are promoted, which could increase the function, cell resistance, and the growth. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of low doses of gamma radiation on the growth and lipid synthesis of Yarrowia lipolytica. The yeast received irradiation doses of: (control); 0.3; 0.5; 0.75; 1.0; 1.25 and 2.5 kGy gamma radiation dose rate in 0.259 kGy/h. Neubauer Chamber was used to analyze cell viability of the yeast. A growth curve and survival curve was determined by spectrophotometry. Then, the yeast was inoculated in the medium composed of syrup sugarcane and vinasse and incubated for 7, 14 and 21 days for the obtaining of dry biomass, by lyophilization, and lipid synthesis, by extraction methodology. The low doses of irradiation had no effect on the growth, survival, and production of dry biomass of Y. lipolytica. For the incubation periods, there was interference in the final production; the highest production was obtained on day 14 (13.46 g/L). The results for lipid synthesis revealed interference with the final production of lipids, being better at a dose of 0.5 kGy to 21 days incubation with yield of 4.17 g/L (34.94%). In conclusion, the low doses of irradiation had no effect on the growth, survival and biomass production of Y. lipolytica. Hormetic effect was observed only in the lipid synthesis, when the radiation dose was associated with the incubation time
40

Funktionelle Analyse und Charakterisierung des Gpr1-Proteins in der Hefe Yarrowia lipolytica

Gentsch, Marcus 11 November 2003 (has links) (PDF)
In der Hefe Yarrowia lipolytica führen Mutationen im GPR1-Gen zu Essigsäuresensitivität. Die Deletion dieses Genes hat demgegenüber keinen Effekt auf den Phänotyp. In dieser Arbeit wurde das Gpr1-Protein näher charakterisiert. Es zeigte sich, dass GPR1-Mutantenstämme wesentlich schneller Acetat akkumulierten als der Wildtyp. Außerdem konnte bestetigt werden, dass Gpr1p ein integrales Membranprotein ist. Mittels Ortspezifischer Analyse wurden verschiedene funktionelle Bereiche untersucht. Das Protein unterliegt zudem einer Phosphorylierung/Dephosphorylierung. Auf der Grundlage der dargelegten Ergebnisse wurde ein Funktionsmodell für Gpr1p erstellt.

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