本研究探索台灣當代電視新聞記者如何使用戲劇性元素講述新聞故事。著重研討電視新聞之敘事情節與視聽覺元素的安排。
自2010年12月起，三家電視新聞台半個月期間之晚間新聞時段，抽取24則電視新聞進行內容與文本分析。
研究發現電視新聞敘事模式跳脫以往沿襲自平面媒體之倒金字塔式寫作結構，採用戲劇性敘事結構講述新聞情節。敘事特徵包括「開頭框架」蘊含視聽覺導向之邏輯，如明顯易見的衝突、異常、或具衝擊性畫面經常置於新聞開頭。或是以自然音、訪問人物聲刺開場以建立新聞環境與情境。「結束框架」可分為結論、口頭反應及記者提問。
戲劇性元素運用方面，內在戲劇性元素以「失去生命的危機」和「人與他人(集團)之間的衝突」運用最多，並搭配其他外顯戲劇性視聽元素輔助強化。外顯戲劇性視聽元素以「干擾性旁白」、「自然音」運用較多。視覺上以特寫鏡頭、定格特效與重複畫面方式突顯戲劇性。重現新聞情境的模擬畫面或以新聞人物觀點拍攝的主觀畫面並不多見。
記者亦採用大量聲刺或對話來突顯人物性格、賦予人物意義，並以人物的動作行為描繪其心理狀態、情緒與態度。本研究歸納了電視新聞敘事的基本架構，試圖由敘事理論出發，引導戲劇和與新聞領域間對話，亦發現文類混同的情況。
未來電視新聞戲劇化研究可朝閱聽人研究、美感體驗之接收分析或探究其情節公式與類型以挖掘其深層的文化、社會意義。 / This study intends to explore the representations of Taiwan TV news. The purpose is to find out how TV news journalists use dramatic elements in news stories.Samples were 24 segments (SOT) of prime time news from 3 TV news channels. Content analysis and text analysis were applied to analysis sampled news stories.
The results show that these TV news narratives have their unique patterns and characteristics. Instead of inverted pyramid structures, dramatic structures were open with visible conflicts, unusual, or expressive pictures and natural sounds or sound bites.The ending includes conclusions, oral responses, and reporters’ questions.
TV Journalists also like to use subjective tones to make news sounds kind and dramatic. They use the “freeze shots”, the “repeat shots” for detailed description whereas “simulation screens” and “subjective screens“are rare. They also use lots of sound bites and dialogues between reporters and interviewees to make the news relevant and vivid to audience.
Future research can go further to explore the dramatic narrative structures of TV news on a broaden perspective or on a large scale. Audience reception analysis or formula and genres of TV news are other topics worthy of study.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:CHENGCHI/G0096453002 |
| Creators | 郭岱軒, Kuo, Dai Hsuan |
| Publisher | 國立政治大學 |
| Source Sets | National Chengchi University Libraries |
| Language | 中文 |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | text |
| Rights | Copyright © nccu library on behalf of the copyright holders |
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