本研究旨在探討記者寫作新聞時可能經歷的思考過程。與一般歸納式研究不同的是，本研究採取演繹式的研究途徑，嘗試以各相關領域的理論（包括認知科學、語言學、心理語言學、新聞學等）為基礎，推演出一個理論上的新聞寫作歷程模式。
本研究以語言學中的轉換概念(transformation)作為寫作模式的基礎。將新聞寫作視為記者從長期記憶的基模知識中，提取適當命題出來，經過種種轉換規則的處理，而轉換成為新聞文本的過程。轉換出來的新聞文本，在內容上呼應基模的命題層次結構；在結構及風格上符合新聞寫作的特殊要求。此外，新聞寫作是在情境影響下進行的活動，因此在模式中也討論情境因素對新聞寫作轉換過程的影響。
為補文獻推演的不足，本研究也進行一個很小的個案研究，請一位報社記者實際採訪一則新聞，並於採訪完後寫一則新聞稿。在記者寫稿時，以放聲思考法及寫作後立即追溯訪問法探測記者寫新聞時的思考過程。個案研究的資料作為本研究模式的參考。
最後本研究針對模式無法研究的部份，對未來研究提出幾點建議。並且就本研究所推演出的理論模式，對新聞寫作教學提出一些建議。 / The purpose of this article is to unviel the mysterious process of newswriting. Different from other inductive research, article employs the deductive approach. The author tries to construct a theoretical model on the basis of theories in relevant fields, including cognitive science, linguistics, psycholinguistics and journalistics. The central concept of this model is "transformation" borrowed from linguistics, viewing newswriting process as pro- positions retrived from schema in long-term memory, transformed by various rules, and finally presented as news text. After the process of transformation, the content of news text corresponds to the propositional levels of schema, and the sturcture as well as style of news text conform to the professional requirements of newswriting. In addition, this article also discusses the influence of context in the transforming process of newswriting. In order to improve the thoroughness of the model, the author conducted a simple case study. The author invited a reporter to attend a conference and requested her to write a piece of news about the conference. In order to probe the thinking process,the reporter was requested to think aloud during writing, and was interviewed immediately after writing. The data of case study was used for reference. In the last part of this article, the author makes some suggestions for future research and for the educator of news- writing according to the theoretical model in this article.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:CHENGCHI/B2002003837 |
| Creators | 許舜青, Hsu, Shun Ching |
| Publisher | 國立政治大學 |
| Source Sets | National Chengchi University Libraries |
| Language | 中文 |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | text |
| Rights | Copyright © nccu library on behalf of the copyright holders |
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