自1970年代以後，匯率制度由「固定匯率制度」轉變為「浮動匯率制度」，貨幣政策由「利率管制誘導型」轉變為「貨幣供給量管制型」，而將利率交由市場決定。此種金融環境之變革，使企業為規避匯率及利率風險之風險，發展出許多新金融工具，「衍生性金融商品」乃應運而生。目前，衍生性金融商品在國際金融市場上扮演著不可或缺之角色。由於衍生性金融商品具有高槓桿及高風險的特性，利用衍生性金融商品固可達到交易、籌資、避險之目的，但若操作不當，其引起的損失亦不容輕忽。故操作衍生性金融商品時，應注意其相關之內部控制制度。本研究與瞭解企業操作衍生性金融商品之概況與內部控制情形，並進一步對其內部控制制度提出具體建議。研究方法以問卷調查台灣地區87年度操作衍生性金融商品之非金融業上市公司，樣本數為141份，回收67份，回收率為47.5%。
就操作概況而言，企業規模越大，操作衍生性金融商品之種類越多樣化，操作目的也趨向避險與非避險交互運用，此外，操作年數也越長。就內部控制情形而言，企業操作衍生性金融商品之控制環境、風險評估與控制活動、資訊與溝通及監督不會因產業別、資產總額、營業收入淨額、資本型態、對外投資狀況與國外貿易狀況之不同而有太大的差異。但在風險評估與控制活動方面，中外合資之企業於市場風險、信用風險及流動性風險上之表現較純本國投資之企業略佳，而在監督方面，有對外投資之企業較無對外投資之企業表現略佳。
在本研究可發現企業於操作衍生性金融商品時，對於應執行之控制政策與程序，幾乎都予以應有的注意並確實執行，這些內部控制政策與程序與公司特性間之關係並未非常顯著。可能原因之一為上市公司操作衍生性金融商品時，應遵循財政部之規定，訂定作業手冊並加以監督，故企業在此強制性之要求下，能維持一定品質之內部控制。可能原因之二為企業操作衍生性金融商品之金額通常不會太大，且交易目的多為避險，其性質較為單純，故可落實相關之內部控制制度。 / Since 1970, the exchange rate system has changed from "fixed rate" to "floating rate", and the monetary system has also changed. In order to avoid the risk of interest rate and exchange rate fluctuations, companies are increasingly using derivative financial instrument (DFI). Since DFI is fairly risky and could cause huge losses, companies must be very careful when using then. The internal controls for DFI is thus very important. This study investigates how companies use DFI and their related internal control systems. This research also provides suggestions for better internal controls for DFI. A questionnaire was used to gather data from the 141 lists firms at the Taiwan Stock Exchange, which are using DFI. The response rate is about 47.5%. (i.e., 67 questionnaires returned)
The results of the study are as follows:
(1) The larger the company is, the more kinds of DFI they are using and the longer it has been using DFI.
(2) The internal control systems are not significantly different with respect to company's industry type, total assets, net operating revenue, capital type and investment conditions.
(3) For risk assessment and control activities, joint-venture companies outperforms Taiwanese companies in managing market risk, credit risk and liquidity risk. In monitoring DFI, companies that have outside investments outperforms those that don't.
(4) Companies do follow internal control procedures when are using DFI. These control procedures are not significantly related to companies' characteristics. One of the possible reasons is that they are forced to follow regulations set by the Securities and Fu ture Commission. Another reason is the amount of DFI they transact is usually not large, therefore they can enforce their DFI-related internal control procedures.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:CHENGCHI/B2002001614 |
| Creators | 呂瑜庭, Lu, Yu Ting |
| Publisher | 國立政治大學 |
| Source Sets | National Chengchi University Libraries |
| Language | 中文 |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | text |
| Rights | Copyright © nccu library on behalf of the copyright holders |
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