Abstract This thesis focuses on two important challenges in wireless downlink transmission: multi-user (MU) precoder design and scheduling of users over time, frequency, and spatial resources at any given instant. Data streams intended for different users are transmitted by a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) multi-antenna orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system. The transmit precoders are designed jointly across space-frequency resources to minimize the number of backlogged packets waiting at the coordinating base stations (BSs), thereby implicitly performing user scheduling. Then the problem of multicast beamformer design is considered wherein a subset of users belonging to a multicasting group are served by a common group-specific data. The design objective is to either minimize the transmit power for a guaranteed quality-of-service, or to maximize the minimum achievable rate among users for a given transmit power. Unlike existing techniques, the proposed design utilizes both the spatial and frequency resources jointly while designing multi-group beamformers. As an extension to coordinated precoding, the problem of beamformer design for cloud radio access network is considered wherein beamformers are designed centrally, quantized and sent along with data to the respective BSs via backhaul. Since the users can be served by multiple BSs, beamformer design becomes a nonconvex combinatorial problem. Unlike existing solutions, beamformer overhead is also included in the backhaul utilization along with the associated data. As the number of antennas increases, backhaul utilization is dominated by the beamformers. Thus, to reduce the overhead, two techniques are proposed: varying the quantization precision, and reducing the number of active antennas used for transmission. Finally, to reduce the complexity involved in the design of joint space- frequency approach, a two-step procedure is proposed, where a MU-MIMO scheduling algorithm is employed to find a subset of users for each scheduling block. The precoders are then designed only for the chosen users, thus reducing the complexity without compromising much on the throughput. In contrast to the null-space-based existing techniques, a low-complexity scheduling algorithm is proposed based on vector projections. The real-time performance of all the schedulers are evaluated by implementing them on both Xilinx ZYNQ-ZC702 system-on-chip (SoC) and TI TCI6636K2H multi-core SoC. / Tiivistelmä Tässä väitöskirjassa keskitytään kahteen tärkeään langattoman tiedonsiirron haasteeseen alalinkkilähetyksissä: usean käyttäjän (MU) esikooderisuunnitteluun ja käyttäjien skedulointiin aika-, taajuus- ja tilaresurssien yli. Eri käyttäjille tarkoitettuja datavirtoja lähetetään käyttämällä monitulo-monilähtötekniikkaa (MIMO) yhdistettynä monikantoaaltomodulointiin (OFDM). Lähettimien esikooderit suunnitellaan yhteisesti tila- ja taajuusresurssien yli, jotta keskenään yhteistoiminnallisten tukiasemien jonossa olevien pakettien määrää voitaisiin minimoida samalla kun tehdään epäsuorasti käyttäjien skedulointia. Tämän jälkeen työssä paneudutaan monilähetysten (multicast) keilanmuodostussuunnitteluun, jossa monilähetysryhmään kuuluvien käyttäjien alijoukolle lähetetään yhteistä ryhmäspesifistä dataa. Suunnittelun päämääränä on joko minimoida kokonaislähetysteho tietyllä palvelunlaatuvaatimuksella tai maksimoida pienin saavutettavissa oleva siirtonopeus käyttäjien joukossa tietyllä lähetysteholla. Toisin kuin olemassa olevat menetelmät, ehdotetussa mallissa käytetään yhteisesti sekä aika- että taajuusresursseja usean ryhmän keilanmuodostusta suunniteltaessa. Laajennuksena yhteistoiminnalliselle esikoodaukselle, väitöskirjassa käsitellään myös keilanmuodostusta pilvipohjaisessa radioliityntäverkkoarkkitehtuurissa. Keilanmuodostajat suunnitellaan keskitetysti, kvantisoidaan ja lähetetään datan mukana tukiasemille käyttäen runkoverkkoyhteyttä. Koska käyttäjiä voidaan palvella usealta tukiasemalta, keilanmuodostussuunnittelu muuttuu ei-konveksiksi kombinatoriseksi ongelmaksi. Toisin kuin olemassa olevissa ratkaisuissa, ehdotettu malli sisällyttää käyttäjien datan lisäksi keilanmuodostajien resursoinnin tarpeen runkoverkkoon. Tukiaseman antennien määrän lisääntyessä, keilanmuodostajien osuus runkoverkon käyttöasteesta kasvaa suureksi. Jotta keilanmuodostajien aiheuttamaa ylimääräistä tiedonsiirtotarvetta voitaisiin minimoida, esitellään kaksi tekniikkaa: kvantisointitarkkuuden muunteleminen sekä lähetykseen käytettävien aktiivisten antennien määrän vähentäminen. Lopuksi, jotta yhdistetyn tila-taajuussuunnittelun aiheuttamaa kompleksisuutta saataisiin vähennettyä, ehdotetaan kaksivaiheista menetelmää. MU-MIMO skedulointialgoritmin avulla etsitään ensin alijoukko käyttäjiä jokaiselle skedulointilohkolle. Esikooderit suunnitellaan vain valituille käyttäjille, mikä vähentää kompleksisuutta, heikentämättä suorituskykyä kuitenkaan olennaisesti. Poiketen nolla-avaruuteen perustuvista tekniikoista, esitetään yksinkertainen vektoriprojektioihin perustuva skeduleri. Kaikkien skedulerien reaaliaikasuorituskykyä on arvioitu toteuttamalla ne ohjelmoitavilla Xilinx ZYNQ-ZC702 system-on-chip (SoC) ja TI TCI6636K2H moniydinalustoilla.

L’organisation des connaissances est une discipline investie par des bibliothécaires, documentalistes, archivistes spécialistes de l’information, informaticiens et tous professionnels de documents. Elle englobe toutes activités, études et recherches qui élaborent et traitent les processus d’organisation et de présentation des ressources documentaires utiles dans une organisation. Dans ce contexte, le projet ANR Miipa-Doc a pour objectifs d’explorer des nouvelles méthodes d’indexation ascendantes, en utilisant des termes descripteurs formulés par les individus plutôt que choisis parmi une liste préétablie, pour l’organisation des contenus documentaires complexes au sein des entreprises de large taille, et concevoir l’architecture logicielle correspondante.Dans ce projet notre contribution consiste à gérer l’hétérogénéité d’un système d’information d’organisation des contenus documentaires, basé sur une approche orientée métier et un SOC (système d’organisation des connaissances) folksonomique à facette. Nous proposons dans cette gestion une approche incrémentale dirigée par les modèles, issue de l’IDM (ingénierie dirigée par les modèles), basée sur des méta-modèles pour garantir l’aspect d’évolutivité. Après l’implémentation du prototype HyperTaging qui met en place ces deux approches, nous proposons un processus d’évaluation permet de positionner ce prototype et tous SI de classification documentaire dans l’environnement des ECM, en se basant sur des critères d’évaluation fins et particuliers. / The knowledge organization is invested by librarians, archivists, information specialists, IT professionals and all discipline of document. It includes all activities, studies and research which develop and treat organization process and presentation of relevant information resources in an organization. In this context the Miipa-Doc project aims to explore new ascendants indexing methods, using descriptors made by individuals rather than selected given list for complex contained in the organization document, in large size companies, and design the corresponding software architecture.Our contribution in this project is to manage the heterogeneity of an information system of document organization, based on a business-oriented approach and a KOS (knowledge organization system) of folksonomy facet. We propose an incremental approach this management model driven, outcome of MDE (Model Driven Engineering), based on meta-models to ensure scalability appearance. After implementing the HyperTaging prototype, that implements both approaches, we propose an evaluation process used to position the prototype and all IS of documentary classification in the environment of ECM based on purposes of delicate and particular evaluation criteria.

Este trabalho consiste em um estudo acerca dos efeitos da radiação em circuitos programáveis e sistemas em chip, do inglês System-on-Chip (SoC), baseados em FPGAs (Field-Programmable Gate Array). Dentre os diversos efeitos que podem ensejar falhas nos circuitos integrados, destacam-se a ocorrência de Single Event Effects (SEEs), Efeitos Transitórios em tradução livre, e a Dose Total Ionizante, do inglês Total Ionizing Dose (TID). SEEs podem ocorrer em razão da incidência de nêutrons originários de interações de raios cósmicos com a atmosfera terrestre, íons pesados provenientes do espaço e prótons originários do Sol (vento solar) e dos cinturões de Van Allen. A Dose Total Ionizante diz respeito à exposição prolongada de um circuito integrado à radiação ionizante e cuja consequência é a alteração das características elétricas de partes do dispositivo em razão das cargas elétricas induzidas pela radiação e acumuladas nas interfaces dos semicondutores. Dentro desse contexto, este trabalho descreve em detalhes a caracterização do SoC-FPGA baseado em memória FLASH e de sinais mistos SmartFusion A2F200-FG484, da empresa Microsemi, quando exposto à radiação (SEEs e TID) através do uso da técnica de Redundância Diversificada visando a detecção de erros. Também, uma arquitetura que utiliza um esquema baseado em Redundância Modular Tripla e Diversificada é testada através da sua implementação no FPGA baseado em memória SRAM da família Spartan-6, modelo LX45, da empresa Xilinx, visando a detecção e correção de erros causados pela radiação (SEEs). Os resultados obtidos mostram que os diversos blocos funcionais que compõe SoC SmartFusion apresentam diferentes níveis de tolerância à radiação e que o uso das técnicas de Redundância Modular Tripla e Redundância Diversificada em conjunto mostrou-se extremamente eficiente no que se refere a tolerância a SEEs. / This work consists in a study about the radiation effects in programmable circuits and System-on-Chips (SoCs) based on FPGAs (Field-Programmable Gate Arrays). Single Event Effects (SEEs) and Total Ionizing Dose (TID) are the two main effects caused by the radiation incidence, and both can imply in the occurrence of failures in integrated circuits. SEEs are due to the incidence of neutrons derived from the interaction of the cosmic rays with the terrestrial atmosphere, as well as heavy ions coming from the space and protons provided from the solar wind and the Van Allen belts. Total Ionizing Dose regards the prolonged exposure of an integrated circuit to the ionizing radiation, which deviates the standard electrical characteristics of the device due to radiation-induced electrical charges accumulated in the semiconductors’ interfaces. In this context, this work aims to describe in details the characterization of Microsemi’s mixed-signal SoC-FPGA SmartFusion A2F200-FG484 when exposed to radiation (SEEs and TID), using a Diverse Redundancy approach for error detection. As well, an architecture using a Diversified Triple Modular Redundancy scheme was tested (SEEs) through its implementation in a Xilinx’s Spartan-6 LX45 FPGA, aiming error detection and correction. The results obtained show that several functional blocks from SmartFusion have different radiation tolerance levels and that the use of the Triple Modular Redundancy together with Diversified Redundancy proved to be extremely efficient in terms of SEEs tolerance.

Hälsan och folkhälsan påverkas av allt vi har omkring oss och beror på vilka förutsättningar och möjligheter vi har att ta hand om oss själva och vår omvärld. Jordens resurser är ansträngda, mänsklighetens konsumtionsvanor bidrar till detta och det finns ett allt större behov av att arbeta med hållbarhet. Folkhälsoarbete kan ske på flera plan, i Sverige finns en lång tradition av ideella föreningar och organisationer och dessa har varit speciellt framgångsrika i att engagera människor men även att nå marginaliserade eller utsatta grupper. Food2change är en ideell organisation som arbetar med hållbarhet genom att ta hand om matsvinn från matvarubutiker med hjälp av sina medlemmar och volontärer. Syftet med studien är att undersöka upplevelser av ideellt engagemang i föreningen food2change.  En kvalitativ undersökning har genomförts för att undersöka upplevelser av att vara ideellt engagerad i food2change kopplat till KASAM, socialt stöd och social kognitiv teori. Datainsamlingen skedde genom semistrukturerade intervjuer och en manifest innehållsanalys genomfördes. Resultaten visar att det finns olika drivkrafter till att vara engagerad i föreningen samt att effekter som upplevs av ideellt engagemang i föreningen är känsla av meningsfullhet, tillgång till rutin och struktur, möjlighet till utökade sociala relationer och känsla av delaktighet men även viss risk för stress vid hög arbetsbelastning vilka alla kan ha påverkan på hälsan.

Este trabalho consiste em um estudo acerca dos efeitos da radiação em circuitos programáveis e sistemas em chip, do inglês System-on-Chip (SoC), baseados em FPGAs (Field-Programmable Gate Array). Dentre os diversos efeitos que podem ensejar falhas nos circuitos integrados, destacam-se a ocorrência de Single Event Effects (SEEs), Efeitos Transitórios em tradução livre, e a Dose Total Ionizante, do inglês Total Ionizing Dose (TID). SEEs podem ocorrer em razão da incidência de nêutrons originários de interações de raios cósmicos com a atmosfera terrestre, íons pesados provenientes do espaço e prótons originários do Sol (vento solar) e dos cinturões de Van Allen. A Dose Total Ionizante diz respeito à exposição prolongada de um circuito integrado à radiação ionizante e cuja consequência é a alteração das características elétricas de partes do dispositivo em razão das cargas elétricas induzidas pela radiação e acumuladas nas interfaces dos semicondutores. Dentro desse contexto, este trabalho descreve em detalhes a caracterização do SoC-FPGA baseado em memória FLASH e de sinais mistos SmartFusion A2F200-FG484, da empresa Microsemi, quando exposto à radiação (SEEs e TID) através do uso da técnica de Redundância Diversificada visando a detecção de erros. Também, uma arquitetura que utiliza um esquema baseado em Redundância Modular Tripla e Diversificada é testada através da sua implementação no FPGA baseado em memória SRAM da família Spartan-6, modelo LX45, da empresa Xilinx, visando a detecção e correção de erros causados pela radiação (SEEs). Os resultados obtidos mostram que os diversos blocos funcionais que compõe SoC SmartFusion apresentam diferentes níveis de tolerância à radiação e que o uso das técnicas de Redundância Modular Tripla e Redundância Diversificada em conjunto mostrou-se extremamente eficiente no que se refere a tolerância a SEEs. / This work consists in a study about the radiation effects in programmable circuits and System-on-Chips (SoCs) based on FPGAs (Field-Programmable Gate Arrays). Single Event Effects (SEEs) and Total Ionizing Dose (TID) are the two main effects caused by the radiation incidence, and both can imply in the occurrence of failures in integrated circuits. SEEs are due to the incidence of neutrons derived from the interaction of the cosmic rays with the terrestrial atmosphere, as well as heavy ions coming from the space and protons provided from the solar wind and the Van Allen belts. Total Ionizing Dose regards the prolonged exposure of an integrated circuit to the ionizing radiation, which deviates the standard electrical characteristics of the device due to radiation-induced electrical charges accumulated in the semiconductors’ interfaces. In this context, this work aims to describe in details the characterization of Microsemi’s mixed-signal SoC-FPGA SmartFusion A2F200-FG484 when exposed to radiation (SEEs and TID), using a Diverse Redundancy approach for error detection. As well, an architecture using a Diversified Triple Modular Redundancy scheme was tested (SEEs) through its implementation in a Xilinx’s Spartan-6 LX45 FPGA, aiming error detection and correction. The results obtained show that several functional blocks from SmartFusion have different radiation tolerance levels and that the use of the Triple Modular Redundancy together with Diversified Redundancy proved to be extremely efficient in terms of SEEs tolerance.

Syftet med studien är att öka förståelsen för vilka faktorer som kan leda till och påverka äldre personers deltagande i en social gruppaktivitet riktad till ensamma äldre. Då känslan av ensamheten kan ge stora negativa effekter för den äldre är det viktigt att öka förståelsen och kunskapen om de fenomen och faktorer som påverkar och leder till mer gemenskap och välbefinnande. Studien är en kvalitativ intervjustudie och det insamlade materialet har analyserats genom kvalitativ innehållsanalys med en induktiv ansats. Antonovskys salutogena perspektiv har använts som teoretisk referensram. Sex personer i åldern 75-90 år har deltagit i semistrukturerade intervjuer. Deltagarna ingick i frivilligorganisationen Äldrekontakts sociala gruppaktivitet vilket är riktad till ensamma äldre som söker gemenskap. I resultatet framkom tre olika teman vilket sammanfattar de faktorer som ledde till och påverkade de äldres deltagande i den sociala gruppaktiviteten. De teman som ingår är: förändringsgrunder, förutsättningar och fördelar. Temat förändringsgrunder belyser att motivet för de äldre att delta i aktiviteten grundar sig i en önskan om en ökad gemenskap då relationerna blivit färre och att det hade uppstått en känsla av ensamhet. Vidare framkommer att deltagarnas förhållningssätt riktades mot välbefinnande genom att vara aktiv, att ha en stärkande inställning och att våga exponera sig. Temat förutsättningar beskriver villkor för ett deltagande i aktiviteten. Yttre faktorer var stödet att komma till och från aktiviteten och att det var anspråkslöst att delta. Den inre faktorn var att deltagarna hade tillräckligt med ork så att aktiveten gick att genomföra. Temat fördelar visar på de vinster som uppkom i och med deltagandet i denna gruppaktivitet. Denna aktivitet berikade vardagen genom att det blev ett avbrott i det vardagliga livet och att det fanns något att se fram emot. Deltagarna blev sedda och hörda då det fanns någon att samtala med och något att prata om samt att det skapades nya bekantskaper. En känsla av att bli omhändertagen uppstod vilket uttrycktes genom en tacksamhet att få delta och att det kändes tryggt att medverka i aktiviteten. Resultatet har analyserats genom Antonovskys salutogena perspektiv och tre slutsatser har framtagits. Dessa tre teman har identifierats som en process. Temat förändringsgrunder har visat sig vara en grundförutsättning för resterande process och det har också framkommit att deltagarna har en hög känsla av sammanhang. Denna kunskap kan hjälpa de äldre och de som vill stödja ensamma äldre att ta steget från ensamhet till gemenskap. / The purpose of the study is to increase understanding of the factors that can lead to and affect older people's participation in a social group activity directed to lonely elderly. Since the feeling of loneliness has such a large impact on elderly, it is important to increase the understanding and knowledge of the phenomena and factors that affect and lead to increased togetherness and wellbeing.  The study is a qualitative interview study and the data collected has been analyzed by qualitative content analysis with an inductive approach. Antonovsky's salutogenic perspective has been used as a theoretical framework. Six people aged 75-90 years participated in semi-structured interviews. The participants were part of the voluntary organization Äldrekontakt's social group activity directed to lonely elderly looking for togetherness. The result revealed three different themes that summarize the factors that led to and affected the elderly’s participation in the social group activity. The applicable themes are: incentives, essentials and benefits. The theme of incentives illuminates how the motive for the elderly to participate in the activity is based in a desire for increased togetherness since relationships had become fewer and a sense of loneliness had arisen. Furthermore, the participants approach was shown to be directed towards wellbeing by being active, by having a reinforcing strategy and by daring to expose themselves. The theme essentials describes the conditions necessary for participation in the activity. External factors were travel support to and from the activity and unpretentious expectations. The internal factor was that the participants had sufficient stamina to complete the activity. The theme of benefits shows the gains that arose in connection with the participation in this group activity. This activity enriched their everyday lives by providing a break from the mundane and something to anticipate. Participants were seen and heard since there was someone to talk to and something to talk about resulting in the creation of new acquaintances. A feeling of being taken care of arose which was expressed through gratitude for being able to participate and feeling secure while participating. The result has been analyzed via Antonovsky’s salutogenic perspective and three conclusions have been drawn. The three themes have been identified as a process. The theme incentives has been shown to be a prerequisite for the remaining process and it has also been noted that the participants have a high sense of coherence. This knowledge can help elderly and those who support lonely elderly to take the step from loneliness to togetherness.

Este trabalho consiste em um estudo acerca dos efeitos da radiação em circuitos programáveis e sistemas em chip, do inglês System-on-Chip (SoC), baseados em FPGAs (Field-Programmable Gate Array). Dentre os diversos efeitos que podem ensejar falhas nos circuitos integrados, destacam-se a ocorrência de Single Event Effects (SEEs), Efeitos Transitórios em tradução livre, e a Dose Total Ionizante, do inglês Total Ionizing Dose (TID). SEEs podem ocorrer em razão da incidência de nêutrons originários de interações de raios cósmicos com a atmosfera terrestre, íons pesados provenientes do espaço e prótons originários do Sol (vento solar) e dos cinturões de Van Allen. A Dose Total Ionizante diz respeito à exposição prolongada de um circuito integrado à radiação ionizante e cuja consequência é a alteração das características elétricas de partes do dispositivo em razão das cargas elétricas induzidas pela radiação e acumuladas nas interfaces dos semicondutores. Dentro desse contexto, este trabalho descreve em detalhes a caracterização do SoC-FPGA baseado em memória FLASH e de sinais mistos SmartFusion A2F200-FG484, da empresa Microsemi, quando exposto à radiação (SEEs e TID) através do uso da técnica de Redundância Diversificada visando a detecção de erros. Também, uma arquitetura que utiliza um esquema baseado em Redundância Modular Tripla e Diversificada é testada através da sua implementação no FPGA baseado em memória SRAM da família Spartan-6, modelo LX45, da empresa Xilinx, visando a detecção e correção de erros causados pela radiação (SEEs). Os resultados obtidos mostram que os diversos blocos funcionais que compõe SoC SmartFusion apresentam diferentes níveis de tolerância à radiação e que o uso das técnicas de Redundância Modular Tripla e Redundância Diversificada em conjunto mostrou-se extremamente eficiente no que se refere a tolerância a SEEs. / This work consists in a study about the radiation effects in programmable circuits and System-on-Chips (SoCs) based on FPGAs (Field-Programmable Gate Arrays). Single Event Effects (SEEs) and Total Ionizing Dose (TID) are the two main effects caused by the radiation incidence, and both can imply in the occurrence of failures in integrated circuits. SEEs are due to the incidence of neutrons derived from the interaction of the cosmic rays with the terrestrial atmosphere, as well as heavy ions coming from the space and protons provided from the solar wind and the Van Allen belts. Total Ionizing Dose regards the prolonged exposure of an integrated circuit to the ionizing radiation, which deviates the standard electrical characteristics of the device due to radiation-induced electrical charges accumulated in the semiconductors’ interfaces. In this context, this work aims to describe in details the characterization of Microsemi’s mixed-signal SoC-FPGA SmartFusion A2F200-FG484 when exposed to radiation (SEEs and TID), using a Diverse Redundancy approach for error detection. As well, an architecture using a Diversified Triple Modular Redundancy scheme was tested (SEEs) through its implementation in a Xilinx’s Spartan-6 LX45 FPGA, aiming error detection and correction. The results obtained show that several functional blocks from SmartFusion have different radiation tolerance levels and that the use of the Triple Modular Redundancy together with Diversified Redundancy proved to be extremely efficient in terms of SEEs tolerance.

Orientador: Eleri Cardozo / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Eletrica e de Computação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-06T07:45:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Souza_VictorAlexandreSiqueiraMarquesde_M.pdf: 2295226 bytes, checksum: 9e36093f901c39f33bc909f01e4bd421 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / Resumo: Novos serviços de rede devem ser desenvolvidos e gerenciados de acordo com os requisitos específicos dos clientes. Nesse contexto, provedores de serviço devem criar uma nova forma de projetar serviços de rede com tempo de desenvolvimento próximo a zero e alto nível de customização e evolução. A customização é necessária para criação de serviços que satisfaçam aos requisítos do cliente enquanto evolução é necessária para adaptar o serviço assim que esses requisitos se alterem. Além disso, clientes têm demandado a capacidade de gerenciar o serviço para manter o uso, configuração e evolução sob seu controle. Este trabalho apresenta uma abordagem baseada na arquitetura orientada a serviço para o desenvolvimento de serviços de rede capazes de cumprir os requisitos de rápida instalação, customização e gerenciamento por parte do cliente. Esta abordagem considera os serviços de rede como um conjunto de elementos interativos implementados como serviços web. A lógica do serviço é expressa através da orquestração de serviços web. Dois serviços para o gerenciamento de conexões em redes ópticas são apresentados como estudo de caso / Abstract: New generation network services must be developed and managed according to the customers' specific requírements. In this context, service providers must devise a way to design network services with near zero development time and high degrees of customization and evolution. Customízation is necessary to fit the service according to the customers requirements, while evolutíon is necessary to adapt the service as soon as these requírements change. ln addition, customers are demanding the ability to manage the service in order to keep the usage, configuratíon, and evolution under their control. This paper presents an approach based on Service Oriented Archítecture (SOA) for developing network services able to fulfill the requirements of rapid deployment, customization, and customer-side manageability. The approach considers the network service as a set of interactíng elements implemented as web services. The service logic is expressed in terms of web services orchestration. Two services for the management of connections in optical networks are presented as a case study / Mestrado / Engenharia de Computação / Mestre em Engenharia Elétrica

Coreografias de serviços Web representam uma forma mais escalável e flexível de compor serviços do que uma abordagem centralizada como a orquestração, e seu papel na integração e comunicação de sistemas de larga escala é vital para os objetivos da SOC (Computação Orientada a Serviços) e da Internet do Futuro. Atualmente coreografias de serviços Web possuem vários desafios de pesquisa, dos quais a qualidade de serviço (QoS) e o monitoramento de coreografias de serviçosWeb são linhas importantes. O objetivo deste trabalho é propor e implementar um mecanismo de monitoramento não intrusivo de coreografias de serviços Web baseado em SLAs (Acordos de Nível de Serviço) que especificam as restrições de atributos de QoS de maneira probabilística. Esta dissertação propõe um mecanismo para coreografias de serviços Web que: (1) define requisitos de QoS; (2) especifica contratos probabilísticos sobre parâmetros de QoS usando SLA; e (3) realiza um monitoramento não intrusivo de coreografias de serviços Web para detectar violações de SLA. / Web services choreographies are a more scalable and flexible way to compose services than a centralized approach like orchestrations, and its role in the integration and communication of large-scale systems is vital for the goals of SoC (Service Oriented Computing) and Future Internet. Currently,Web services choreographies have several research challenges. From all challenges, quality of service (QoS) and monitoring of Web services choreography are important research lines. The goal of this work is to propose and implement a mechanism for non-intrusive monitoring of Web services choreography based on SLAs (Service Level Agreements) that define constraints of QoS attributes in a probabilistic way. This thesis proposes a mechanism for Web services choreographies that:(1) defines QoS requirements; (2) specifies probabilistic contracts on QoS parameters using SLAs; and (3) monitors, non-intrusively, the enactment of Web services choreographies to detect SLA violations.

Mental illness is not only the leading cause of disability among adults, but there is also an emerging public health crisis in childhood mental illness. A majority of parents do not recognize symptoms of psychological disorder in their children, and current policies and programs for mental health service delivery are not sufficiently responsive to the early help-seeking dynamics of families. Using a concurrent mixed methods design, this study explored how parents in the Pikes Peak region of Colorado learned to recognize their child's mental illness. Phenomenological interviews, augmented by poetic inquiry and quantitative measurements, were used to discover factors that inhibited or enhanced five mothers' recognitions. These factors were then evaluated using a frequency distribution analysis and a rank-order correlation. The phenomenon of recognition was, for these mothers, a process of waiting to hear that â??normalâ?? had stopped, wherein they miscategorized symptoms as normal behaviors in a passing developmental phase. Prior experience with mental illness appeared to significantly decrease both the length of time and the level of distress necessary for recognition. Ultimately, recognition did not occur until someone in their social network validated their concerns and provided explicit confirmation, which galvanized them to seek treatment. Governance network collaborations can facilitate positive social change by standardizing guidance on how to differentiate symptoms of a disorder from normal childhood development. Public policies and programs such as universal mental health screening, mental health literacy, and more supportive and responsive school policies can foster dialogue for parental recognition in Colorado and throughout the country.