The growth of the web increased dramatically when users were provided with applications that let them use just their browser to post and edit content on the World Wide Web. Offering users the ability to use their browser to create their own web applications, instead of just posting text and images, would cause another Internet evolution. This thesis describes the EXPPO system (Extensible Page Productions and Operations), a web application development environment for both end-users and technical-users. EXPPO leverages the end-user's previous experience with internet browsers by using a page based development experience or a Page Oriented Architecture. Because applications are structured in this architecture, components used in one application can be re-used by another, providing end-users with functionality that was created by more technical users. This thesis demonstrates how the EXPPO development environment can be used to create functionally rich web applications.

No description available.

Rotavírus têm sido identificados mundialmente como o mais importante agente etiológico de diarréias agudas não-bacterianas em animais jovens de várias espécies, incluindo a humana. Foi desenvolvido e avaliado um método de ELISA tipo “duplo-sanduíche" para a detecção de rotavírus a partir de material fecal. Para tanto, a amostra NCDV de rotavírus do grupo A foi propagada em cultivo celular com células MA-104. O vírus foi concentrado por ultracentrifugação e inoculado em coelhos e carneiros. Em seguida, as frações IgG, oriundas de amostras de soro dos animais, foram purificadas por cromatografia de troca iônica e absorvidas com soro total de ambas espécies animais, utilizando-se polímero de glutaraldeído, de modo a eliminar reações inespecíficas. A presença do rotavírus foi detectada pela IgG de carneiros e revelada pela IgG de coelho, usando como conjugado IgG de cabra anti-IgG de coelho conjugada à peroxidase. Os valores de diluição dos componentes do ELISA e o valor do ponto-de-corte foram definidos usando-se 26 amostras fecais (13 positivas e 13 negativas) de leitões, tendo como prova padrão a eletroforese em gel de poliacrilamida (PAGE). Aplicado a um painel constituído de 86 amostras fecais diarréicas de leitões, os resultados do ELISA foram: 100% de sensibilidade; 98,79% de especificidade, com uma concordância de 98,83%. A variância entre 86 repetições da mesma amostra foram 0,001 (para a amostra positiva) e 0,0002 (para a amostra negativa). Estes resultados demonstram que este ELISA é um teste sensível e específico para o diagnóstico de rotavírus a partir de material fecal. / Rotaviruses have been identified worldwide as a major etiologic agent of acute nonbacterial diarrhea in the young of many species, including humans. In this investigation was developed and evaluated a “double-sandwich" antibody ELISA method for detection of rotavirus from stool specimens. For that, the NCDV strain of rotavirus group A was serially cultivated in MA-104 cell culture. The virus was concentrated by ultra-centrifugation and inoculated in rabbits and sheeps. After that, the IgG of serum samples of the animals was purified by ion-exchange chromatography and absorbed with whole serum of both animal species using a glutaraldehyde polymer, in order to eliminate inespecific reactions. The presence of rotavirus was detected by the sheep’s IgG and revelated by the rabbit’s IgG, using a anti-rabbit IgG peroxidase conjugate developed in goat. The values of diluition of the components of the ELISA and the cut-off value were defined using 26 fecal samples (13 positive and 13 negative) of piglets. Following this procedure, the test was employed in a panel of 86 fecal samples from piglets with diarrhea, using as standard the polyacrilamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) test. The results of the ELISA were: 100% of sensivity; 98.79% of specificity, with an agreement of 98.83%. The variance between 86 repetitions of the same sample were 0.001 (for one positive sample) and 0.0002 (for one negative sample). These results showed that this ELISA is an sensitive and specific screening test for rotavirus diagnosis from fecal material.

Rotavírus têm sido identificados mundialmente como o mais importante agente etiológico de diarréias agudas não-bacterianas em animais jovens de várias espécies, incluindo a humana. Foi desenvolvido e avaliado um método de ELISA tipo “duplo-sanduíche” para a detecção de rotavírus a partir de material fecal. Para tanto, a amostra NCDV de rotavírus do grupo A foi propagada em cultivo celular com células MA-104. O vírus foi concentrado por ultracentrifugação e inoculado em coelhos e carneiros. Em seguida, as frações IgG, oriundas de amostras de soro dos animais, foram purificadas por cromatografia de troca iônica e absorvidas com soro total de ambas espécies animais, utilizando-se polímero de glutaraldeído, de modo a eliminar reações inespecíficas. A presença do rotavírus foi detectada pela IgG de carneiros e revelada pela IgG de coelho, usando como conjugado IgG de cabra anti-IgG de coelho conjugada à peroxidase. Os valores de diluição dos componentes do ELISA e o valor do ponto-de-corte foram definidos usando-se 26 amostras fecais (13 positivas e 13 negativas) de leitões, tendo como prova padrão a eletroforese em gel de poliacrilamida (PAGE). Aplicado a um painel constituído de 86 amostras fecais diarréicas de leitões, os resultados do ELISA foram: 100% de sensibilidade; 98,79% de especificidade, com uma concordância de 98,83%. A variância entre 86 repetições da mesma amostra foram 0,001 (para a amostra positiva) e 0,0002 (para a amostra negativa). Estes resultados demonstram que este ELISA é um teste sensível e específico para o diagnóstico de rotavírus a partir de material fecal. / Rotaviruses have been identified worldwide as a major etiologic agent of acute nonbacterial diarrhea in the young of many species, including humans. In this investigation was developed and evaluated a “double-sandwich” antibody ELISA method for detection of rotavirus from stool specimens. For that, the NCDV strain of rotavirus group A was serially cultivated in MA-104 cell culture. The virus was concentrated by ultra-centrifugation and inoculated in rabbits and sheeps. After that, the IgG of serum samples of the animals was purified by ion-exchange chromatography and absorbed with whole serum of both animal species using a glutaraldehyde polymer, in order to eliminate inespecific reactions. The presence of rotavirus was detected by the sheep’s IgG and revelated by the rabbit’s IgG, using a anti-rabbit IgG peroxidase conjugate developed in goat. The values of diluition of the components of the ELISA and the cut-off value were defined using 26 fecal samples (13 positive and 13 negative) of piglets. Following this procedure, the test was employed in a panel of 86 fecal samples from piglets with diarrhea, using as standard the polyacrilamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) test. The results of the ELISA were: 100% of sensivity; 98.79% of specificity, with an agreement of 98.83%. The variance between 86 repetitions of the same sample were 0.001 (for one positive sample) and 0.0002 (for one negative sample). These results showed that this ELISA is an sensitive and specific screening test for rotavirus diagnosis from fecal material.

Web application servers are rapidly becoming the essential resources for competitive advantage, because e-businesses can gain amount of revenues. However, benefits are coming from consumers, more consumers cause more benefits. So web application server, which can provide more efficient services, will attract more people. To gain the biggest advantage, we research in Internet to find out a new method. A web application server means it will have frequent transactions. And it will access data in database and produce new web pages to respond consumers through the CGI (Common Gateway Interface) programs. In this paper, we present a new method that can improve performance of web application server through saving network¡¦s bandwidth, reducing web server loading and cutting wait-time of end user. The method primarily uses divided dedicated data and common information of the source web page. With saving the multiple download time of the common information, the efficiency of network¡¦s bandwidth and the user waiting time can be improved effectively. The method also can be easily combined with other existed technologies that can solve Internet efficiency problems. And we developed an approach to design and implement an efficient web application server. Finally, we measure the result of the traditional method and the new method to prove that our method really can save network¡¦s bandwidth, reduce web server loading and cut wait-time of end user. We hope the method can improve general existed problems in Internet.

No description available.

Web page classification is the process of assigning predefined categories to web pages. Empirical evaluations of classifiers such as Support Vector Machines (SVMs), k-Nearest Neighbor (k-NN), and Naïve Bayes (NB), have shown that these algorithms are effective in classifying small segments of web directories. The effectiveness of these algorithms, however, has not been thoroughly investigated on large-scale web page classification of such popular web directories as Yahoo! and LookSmart. Such web directories have hundreds of thousands of categories, deep hierarchies, spindle category and document distributions over the hierarchies, and skewed category distribution over the documents. These statistical properties indicate class imbalance and rarity within the dataset. In hierarchical datasets similar to web directories, expanding the content of each category using the web pages of the child categories helps to decrease the degree of rarity. This process, however, results in the localized overabundance of positive instances especially in the upper level categories of the hierarchy. The class imbalance, rarity and the localized overabundance of positive instances make applying classification algorithms to web directories very difficult and the problem has not been thoroughly studied. To our knowledge, the maximum number of categories ever previously classified on web taxonomies is 246,279 categories of Yahoo! directory using hierarchical SVMs leading to a Macro-F1 of 12% only. We designed a unified framework for the content based classification of imbalanced hierarchical datasets. The complete Yahoo! web directory of 639,671 categories and 4,140,629 web pages is used to setup the experiments. In a hierarchical dataset, the prior probability distribution of the subcategories indicates the presence or absence of class imbalance, rarity and the overabundance of positive instances within the dataset. Based on the prior probability distribution and associated machine learning issues, we partitioned the subcategories of Yahoo! web directory into five mutually exclusive groups. The effectiveness of different data level, algorithmic and architectural solutions to the associated machine learning issues is explored. Later, the best performing classification technologies for a particular prior probability distribution have been identified and integrated into the Yahoo! Web directory classification model. The methodology is evaluated using a DMOZ subset of 17,217 categories and 130,594 web pages and we statistically proved that the methodology of this research works equally well on large and small dataset. The average classifier performance in terms of macro-averaged F1-Measure achieved in this research for Yahoo! web directory and DMOZ subset is 81.02% and 84.85% respectively.

Thesis (M.A.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1967. / eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references.

Orientador : Maria Bernadete Marques Abaurre / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-27T21:51:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Komesu_FabianaCristina_M.pdf: 6117961 bytes, checksum: 22867157cecab1ced28d6dca01f3caef (MD5) Previous issue date: 2001 / Resumo: O propósito deste trabalho é discutir a escrita que se propõe como conversação nas páginas eletrônicas pessoais, as chamadas home pages*, da internet. Mais especificamente,analisamos de que maneira o autor de uma home page constrói uma projeção de si, valendo-se, por exemplo, de certas marcas de enunciação e de certos sinais gráficos para o estabelecimento da relação dessa imagem com o leitor. O material da pesquisa é composto por 50 (cinqüenta) páginas eletrônicas pessoais, coletadas de maneira aleatória, entre as disponíveis na internet. O modo de abordagem de nosso objeto de estudo é orientado por um enfoque teórico ligado às teorias da enunciação e da escrita,em especial aos estudos que priorizam a questão dialógica da linguagem e aos estudos que se ocupam das relações entre a modalidade escrita e a modalidade oral. Dois aspectos são privilegiados no desenvolvimento deste trabalho. O primeiro deles investiga a hipótese de surgimento de um novo gênero discursivo, constituído a partir da atividade de escrita das páginas eletrônicas pessoais. Para a investigação do que acreditamos ser um novo gênero, realizamos um estudo comparativo entre a escrita das home pages e a de outros tipos de escrita, como as apresentações pessoais em orelhas de livros impressos, as (auto)biografias,as cartasmanuscritas e os e-mails ,procurando identificar o que pode ser tomado como característico dessa escrita digital, no âmbito de convivência com outras práticas de escrita. De nosso ponto de vista, trata-se de um gênero de escrita caracterizado pela função fática da linguagem, isto é, por uma atividade marcada por fórmulas de comunicação mais rituais que informativas. Visando ao estabelecimento de um contato com o leitor (característico da função fática), o escrevente projeta uma imagem pessoal (uma personagem) que pareça simpática e, desse modo, estabelece, também, a simulação de uma intimidade para alcançar esse objetivo. O exercício da função fática, no entanto, mascara a confiscação da palavra nesse gênero de escrita: o escrevente tem o direito de se expressar, desde que seja de um determinado modo, e de nenhum outro. No trabalho de construção textual de uma imagem pessoal, o autor utiliza-se de determinados recursos da modalidade escrita, como certas marcas de enunciação e certos sinais gráficos. O segundo aspecto que privilegiamos diz respeito, portanto, ao modo de enunciação que caracteriza o gênero de escrita das home pages. Procuramos investigar o trabalho de divisão enunciativa entre o autor, o "herói" (a personagem construída) e o leitor das páginas pessoais no estudode sua materialidade lingüística.Para o cumprimento dessa tarefa, consideramos alguns aspectos da modalidade escrita das homepages, a exemplo dos emoticons e das "risadinhas",comumente empregadosna escrita digital;da questão da pontuação (e sua relação com a prosódia) nos textos digitais, e de uma investigação lexical dos textos das homepages, dada a utilização freqüente de termos da área de informática, principalmente, aqueles que são tomados da língua inglesa e incorporados à língua portuguesa sem tradução. Nota: Os termos que aparecem destacados em negrito e sublinhados encontram-se comentados no I2. glossário, a partir da p.119 deste trabalho / Abstract: The purpose of this study is to discuss the writing that proposes itself as conversation in home pages of internet. Our aim is to analyze how the author of a home page builds a self projection by using, for instance, certain marks of enunciation and graphical signs to establish a relationship between this self projection and the reader of the page. The material of this research is composed by 50 (fifty)home pages casually collected at internet. Our method is related to the theories of enunciation and writing and specially to those studies which emphasize dialogy in languageand the relation between writing modality and oral modality. Two main aspects are focused: the first one is the hypothesis of the emergence of a new discoursive gender, established by the activity of writing in homepages. To investigate this probable new gender, we elaborate a comparative study between the writing in homepages and another sort of writing, as the self presentations on the cover of traditionally impressed books, the (auto)biographies,the manuscript letters and the e-mails.We look for the main caracteristics of thisdigital writing, as it is established relating itself to other practices of writing. In our opinion, this newgender is characterized by the phatic function of language, that means, by an activity marked by rithualistic formulas of communication less than by informative ones. Looking for establishing a contact with the reader (characteristical of the phatic function), the author of a home page projects a selfimage (a character) that seems niee, simulating an intimacy to reach bis aim. However, the practice of the phatic function masks the confiscation of the word in this gender of writing: the author has the right to express himself, but only in a determinate way. To build bis self image, the author brings recourses from the writing modality, as certain marks of enunciation and graphical signs. So, the second aspect we focus refers to the mode of enunciation that characterizes the gender of writing in home pages. We investigate the functioning of an enunciative division between the author, the "hero" (the built character) and the reader of the home pages in the study of their linguistic materiality.For that, we consider some aspects of writing modality in home pages, as the emoticons and "giggles" commonly used in digital writing, considering also the question of punctuation (and its relation to prosody) in digital texts, and the one of lexical investigation of the texts in the homepages, as we notice that terms from the technological area are often employed, mainly the ones which are taken from English and incorporated in Portuguese writing with no translation / Mestrado / Mestre em Linguística

In an attempt to develop a better perspective on P.K. Page's work, the thesis concentrates on the development of her imagery. The imagery illustrates the direction of Page's development and a close study of its nature will uncover the central concerns of Page's writing. The first chapter of the thesis examines the field of critical analysis already undertaken on Page showing its good points and its weak points. The following three chapters trace the chronological development of Page's work. The second chapter covers up to the writing of The Sun And The Moon in 1944. Even her early work illustrates that as her images became complex, her concern with perspective grew. Her more complex work such as, "The Stenographers", "Panorama", and The Sun And The Moon in particular illustrate this concern. The third chapter analyzes the poetry of her first collection As Ten As Twenty and looks at the period between 1944 and 1954. In this period Page's images become more complex and her work becomes overtly involved with perspective and vision. Images revolving around trains, photographs, snow and whiteness become recurring and a continuity develops between her subjects. Most significantly "Round Trip", "The Bands And The Beautiful Children", "Adolescence", "Them Ducks", "Stories Of Snow", "Subjective Eye", and "Photos Of A Salt Mine" illustrate how Page's concern with imagery and perspective was melding together. The fourth chapter deals with her second collection The Metal And The Flower and her third collection Cry Ararat I. It also looks briefly at Page's shift to painting in the Sixties and examines some of her more recent poetry. In this period Page undergoes her most significant changes. Images recur from earlier periods, but now the images elicit a more complex view of the world. Page's poetry reflects her awareness of the bounds of vision. She realizes that one must become a conjuror in order to see different perspectives. Her poetry, painting, and articles reflect this shift as "Reflection In A Train Window", "Arras", "Cry Ararat!", "A Backwards Journey", "Questions And Images", and "Traveller, Conjuror, Journeyman" illustrate. The study demonstrates that as Page's imagery developed, there was a parallel development in her concern with perspective and vision. Her imagery and her vision merge as perspective and vision become her primary concern. Her recent poetry indicates that any further development will be in the same vein as she attempts to discover more about the interrelationship between image, perspective and vision. / Arts, Faculty of / English, Department of / Graduate