Esta dissertação trata a questão dos espaços comuns em alguns empreendimentos de habitação de interesse social em São Paulo. Resgata historicamente as diversas manifestações, nas cidades, de espaços comuns próprios de construções residenciais e de conjuntos habitacionais. Com estudos de caso específicos, recupera quatro experiências dos primeiros programas de construção de moradias por mutirão e autogestão realizados em São Paulo, entre os anos 1989 e 2004, em razão de suas peculiaridades e qualidades que os tornaram bons modelos de projetos de arquitetura habitacional de interesse social. Procura, a partir da análise das condicionantes dos projetos de arquitetura e urbanismo, avaliar como os espaços comuns são geridos, como foram apropriados pelos moradores, e em que medida tal apropriação se relaciona ou não com os usos pensados e propostos (ou não) nos projetos originais. / This dissertation covers the matter of communal areas in some public-funded housing projects in São Paulo. It recalls the historical and varied advent, throughout cities, of such communal areas that are usual to residential and housing project construction. Using studies of specific cases, this research analyzes four experiences from the first public occupant-run housing project construction programs carried out in São Paulo, between 1989 and 2004. They were selected because of the peculiarities and features that made them such good models for public-funded architectural housing projects. The aim is to assess, by analyzing the conditioning factors of the architectural and urbanization projects, how the communal areas were put together, how they were utilized by the occupants, and how such utilization is related, or not, to the possibilities previously planned or proposed in the original projects.

The thesis deals with performance audit theory and practise. Performance audit consists in evaluating of economy, efficiency and effectiveness. It checks inputs, how they are used and if the intended target is achieved. The main goal of the thesis is to use the theoretical knowledge and do the performance audit of chosen entity. The partial goal is to find out how the performance audit works in reality especially in the Czech Republic.

Data integration techniques are one of the core elements of DIECOFIS, an EU-funded international research project that aims at developing a methodology for the construction of a system of indicators on competitiveness and fiscal impact on enterprise performance. Data integration is also of major interest for official statistics agencies as a means of using available information more efficiently and improving the quality of the agency's products. The Austrian member of the project consortium comprises university departments, representatives from the Bundesanstalt Statistik Austria, from the Statistical Department of the Austrian Economic Chamber, and from ec3, a non-profit research corporation. This paper gives a short report on DIECOFIS in general and on the Austrian contribution to the project, mainly dealing with data integration methodology. Various papers that have been read at the DIECOFIS workshop last November in Vienna, will be published as a Special Issue of the Austrian Journal of Statistics.

State digital libraries are manifestations of the diffusion of technology that has provided both access to and delivery of digital content. Whether the content is being accessed and used equitably in K-12 schools has not been assessed. Determining patterns of the diffusion of use across socioeconomic groups in K-12 schools may help measure the success of existing efforts to provide equitable access and use of digital content, and help guide policies and implementation to more effectively address remaining disparities. This study examined use of the Connecticut Digital Library (ICONN) in K-12 schools in Connecticut by determining annual patterns of use per school/district over a four-year period, using transaction log search statistics. The data were analyzed in the paradigm that Rogers (2003) describes as the first and second dimensions of the consequences of an innovation - the overall growth and the equality of the diffusion to individuals within an intended audience --- in this case, students in K-12 schools. Data were compared by school district and the established socioeconomic District Reference Groups (DRGs) defined by the Connecticut State Board of Education. At the time of this study, ICONN used aggregate data (total searches) for K-12 schools, but did not have relevant data on diffusion within the public schools in Connecticut related to district or DRGs.

This paper examines if Swedish government funded venture capital has managed to achieve the general goals set out by the government. The basis of the paper is a report published by The Swedish National Audit Office in 2014 and the paper is analysing the picture given in the report. This has been done through four different studies to see in what phases that capital is given, if they act in a complementary way through time, in what region the capital is given and by studying if there is a financial difference in different portfolio companies. This has been done by comparing private and governmental venture capital firms. The result indicates that the government funded venture capital invest less in early stages compared to the private firms. There is no statistical difference when talking about the financial development of the portfolio companies. The government funded venture capital seems to be acting in more region compared to the private and has less investments in the big city areas. The government funded venture capital might act in a complementary way or they might be crowding out the private venture capital-firms. / Uppsatsen undersöker om statligt finansierat venture capital har uppfyllt de generella riktlinjer som satts upp av regeringen. Grunden till uppsatsen ligger i Riksrevisionens rapport från 2014 och analyserar den bild som läggs fram och försöker genom undersökningar och teori diskutera om kritiken är relevant. Detta har gjorts genom fyra olika undersökningar i syfte att se till vilka faser kapitalet skjuts till, om de agerar marknadskompletterande över tiden, vilka regioner kapitalet går till samt hur portföljbolagen presterar rent ekonomiskt över tiden. Detta görs genom en jämförelse mellan de privata och statliga venture capital-aktörerna. Det som resultatet indikerar är att de statliga aktörerna inte investerar i tidigare faser än de privata. Det går inte att statistiskt se en skillnad mellan de privata och statliga aktörerna gällande utvecklingen på de portföljbolag som de äger eller har ägt. De statliga aktörerna verkar gå in i färre storstadsregioner än de privata samt att de väljer att investera i fler regioner generellt. De statliga aktörerna verkar agerar marknadskompletterande över tid, det skulle dock kunna vara så att de tränger ut de privata aktörerna.

This thesis is aimed on the business process management of semi-budgetary organizations in the Czech Republic. For description of the field of business process management, the work lists common definitions and important information that is linked to this area. Subsequently, there was described the specificity of public administration in the Czech Republic, taking into account the level of and ability to implement business process management in this area. The important part of this thesis is the analysis of assumptions, which should public organizations fulfill in order to implement business process management. Thesis focuses on business process modeling, both in terms of methodology and standards used, and from the perspective of adequate tools for creating business process models. The main focus of the work is on the consolidation of the business process models of semi-budgetary organizations simultaneous checked on a case study. Case study, which is part of the practical part of this thesis, is a modified description of the implemented project, which aimed to merge two semi-budgetary organizations, especially from the perspective of the consolidation process management and process models.

The topic of this thesis is the issue of pension systems, which are an integral part of every advanced society. The aim of this thesis is to provide an insight into the basics of the issue, analyze selected pension systems and to assess the possibility of introduction similar pension systems in other countries. In the theoretical part of the thesis first presents basic aspects of the development of approach to finance consumption in old age, possible forms of pension systems, the risks that are associated with them, as well as several models of pension system that are currently enforced. In the analytical part pension systems of Australia, Denmark, Canada, Netherlands, Sweden and Switzerland are first specified separately and subsequently, on the basis of criteria coverage rate, financial sustainability and adequacy of pensions, subjected to comparative analysis. The result of the analysis is the determination of the Dutch pension system as a system that has, although not in all analyzed areas, the relatively best results of functioning. However, the widespread introduction of this system definitely not recommended, due to given economic differences in various countries, which are described in the conclusion of this thesis. Nevertheless of each pension system we can choose a positive approaches to solving problems on which we can build in the future.

The Fresh Fruits and Vegetables Program is a federally funded program intended to increase public school students' fruit and vegetable consumption. The purpose of this mixed-method study was to evaluate the implementation of this program at a rural southwestern Title 1 elementary school to determine teacher perceptions of the program and whether the program met federal goals. Social ecological model and social cognitive theory grounded the investigation. The mixed method design included semi-structured interviews with 11 teachers accompanied by an anonymous web-based open response questionnaire and document reviews. Descriptive statistics were reported for Likert scale survey items and invoice documents to determine amount and variety of fruits and vegetables dispersed during the program. Interview data were open coded and analyzed for emergent themes. Teachers reported that the program initially provided a variety of produce, appropriate portions, and curriculum resources, which made the program a success. However, participants also noted that in the second and third years of implementation, their support for the program diminished due to declining quality, variety, and amounts of fruits and vegetables that negatively affected the achievement of program goals. Archival invoices supported these findings with decreased numbers of fruits and vegetables ordered in subsequent years. The findings were incorporated into an evaluation report for the local site. Implications for positive social change include providing the local administration with research-based findings on teachers' perceptions of the program, goal outcomes, and recommendations related to implementation at the local site.

No description available.

La valorisation des résultats est considérée comme un objectif prioritaire du service public de la recherche depuis maintenant trente ans. Ce phénomène s’est encore accentué avec l’émergence de l’économie de la connaissance. Les productions immatérielles de la recherche scientifique sont désormais clairement perçues comme des richesses qu’il convient d’exploiter sur un marché pour générer de la croissance.Pour atteindre cet objectif, les acteurs de la recherche publique sont encouragés par les pouvoirs publics à mobiliser les mécanismes de la propriété intellectuelle, en rupture avec le modèle de science ouverte. Le recours à la propriété intellectuelle pour les besoins de la valorisation fait ainsi naître une tension entre, d’une part, une logique économique et entrepreneuriale et, d’autre part, les normes d’ouverture et de partage qui prévalaient jusqu’alors au sein la recherche scientifique publique.La présente étude se propose d’examiner les rapports complexes qu’entretient la propriété intellectuelle en tant qu’institution juridique avec la mission de valorisation des résultats de la recherche publique. Les points de contact sont en effet nombreux, qu’il s’agisse de délimiter ce qui, au sein des résultats, peut être approprié et selon quelles modalités, d’identifier qui, parmi les acteurs de la recherche, doit être considéré comme propriétaire, ou encore de favoriser le transfert des résultats vers le secteur industriel et commercial. Il apparaîtra que la logique et les mécanismes de la propriété intellectuelle ne sont pas incompatibles avec les normes de la recherche publique. Au contraire, la propriété intellectuelle doit être considérée comme un instrument privilégié dans la mesure où elle aménage un équilibre subtil entre réservation et diffusion des connaissances qui répond parfaitement aux objectifs de la valorisation / For the last thirty years, valorisation of research results has been deemed a main objective for public research organisations. This trend has been emphasised by the emergence of a knowledge-based economy. Immaterial productions of scientific research are now plainly seen as assets that need to be used on the market to encourage growth.In order to achieve this goal, public research stakeholders are pressed by authorities to summon intellectual property rights, in contradiction with the open science model. The use of intellectual property rights for the needs of valorisation gives rise to a tension between a business-oriented perspective and the norms of sharing and openness that prevail among the scientific community.The aim of this thesis is to study the intricate interactions existing between intellectual property and valorisation of public research results. There are numerous points of contact, such as defining what is subject matter for intellectual property among scientific research results and who is entitled to the intellectual property rights, or fostering the technology transfer toward industry. It will be shown the mechanisms underlying intellectual property do not collide with the norms of public research. Quite the opposite, intellectual property is to be favoured since it can provide public research organisations with a subtle balance between reservation and dissemination of knowledge, hence fulfilling the goals of valorisation