Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2018-08-24T18:39:52Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2008 - Cristiane Honorato Cunha.pdf: 767814 bytes, checksum: 805ea6db9e6a4462ae4375d06559e0fd (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-24T18:39:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2008 - Cristiane Honorato Cunha.pdf: 767814 bytes, checksum: 805ea6db9e6a4462ae4375d06559e0fd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-03-25 / Macrobrachium acanthurus is the freshwater prawn species that is find in almost whole coastal rivers in Brazilian coast. This work was carried out to get information about reproductive aspects of Macrobrachium acanthurus in captivity and the influence on unilateral eyestalk ablation technique. 48 females and 24 males were captured in Sahy river at Mangaratiba/RJ and kept in adaptation for 15 days. Then, the animals carapace length and total length were measured. They were distributed into 20 liters aquariums, each of them with two males and four females. Two females in each aquarium were ablated. Abiotic factors such as pH, ammonia, nitrite and oxygen levels were checked weekly and the water temperature daily. Every day the occurrence of ovigerous females were checked in each aquarium. After three days incubating, the ovigerous females were separated until the larvae eclosion. And then, they were returned to the aquarium for a new phase of reproduction. The animals were fed with ration pellets and pieces of fish. The U test (Mann-Whitney) showed a significant difference among laying intervals between the ablated and non-ablated females. The Pearson correlation showed temperature influence on incubation period on non-ablated females, but on ablated females there was no dependency relationship. The t-test showed no significant difference on fertility, between ablated and non-ablated M. acanthurus. / Macrobrachium acanthurus ? uma esp?cie de camar?o de ?gua doce encontrado em quase todos os rios litor?neos da costa brasileira. Este trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo de obter informa??es sobre a influ?ncia da t?cnica de abla??o unilateral do ped?nculo ocular na reprodu??o de Macrobrachium acanthurus em cativeiro. Foram utilizados no experimento 48 f?meas e 24 machos, que foram coletados no Rio Sahy, Mangaratiba/RJ e foram mantidas durante 15 dias para a adapta??o. Posteriormente, os animais foram medidos em rela??o ao comprimento da carapa?a e comprimento total, distribu?dos na propor??o de dois machos para quatro f?meas em doze aqu?rios com capacidade de 20 litros. Das quatro f?meas de cada aqu?rio, duas foram abladas. Os fatores abi?ticos como o pH, am?nio, nitrito e oxig?nio dissolvido foram verificados semanalmente e a temperatura da ?gua diariamente. Todos os dias foram verificados a ocorr?ncia de exterioriza??o dos ovos em cada f?mea. As f?meas ov?geras ap?s tr?s dias de incuba??o foram individualizadas at? a eclos?o das larvas. Ap?s a eclos?o das larvas, as f?meas retornaram para o aqu?rio para uma nova fase de reprodu??o. Os animais foram alimentados com ra??o peletizada e peixe fresco. Atrav?s do teste U (Mann-Whitney) foi verificado que houve diferen?a significativa para o intervalo entre as desovas entre f?meas abladas e n?o abladas. Atrav?s da Correla??o de Pearson verificou-se que houve influ?ncia da temperatura no tempo de incuba??o nas f?meas n?o abladas, mas nas f?meas abladas n?o houve rela??o dependente. Atrav?s do teste t foi verificado que n?o houve diferen?a significativa para fertilidade entre as f?meas abladas e n?o abladas de M. acanthurus.

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2018-08-24T18:57:55Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2013 - Marcia Cavalcanti de Albuquerque.pdf: 12812324 bytes, checksum: 6ad3724579dc770eb98b1bc085f473fe (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-24T18:57:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2013 - Marcia Cavalcanti de Albuquerque.pdf: 12812324 bytes, checksum: 6ad3724579dc770eb98b1bc085f473fe (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-01-25 / CAPES / CNPq / This study aimed to identify the parasite species of eight forage fish species from the Tr?s Marias reservoir; to clarify some aspects about their parasite faunas through the quantification of the parasite parameters (prevalence, intensity and , abundance); to determine diversity indices of each endocommunity; to compare the endoparasite communities using qualitative and quantitative methods; and to investigate which biotic and abiotic factors were relevant in the endoparasite communities structuration. A total of 492 fish (Characiformes, Characidae) were collected in the Tr?s Marias reservoir (18?12'59"S, 45?17'34"W), upper S?o Francisco river, State of Minas Gerais, between May 2003 and July 2010. Of these total, 44 specimens were of Astyanax bimaculatus (Linnaeus, 1758), 76 of Astyanax fasciatus (Cuvier, 1819), 70 of Bryconops affinis (G?nther, 1864), 64 of Hemigrammus marginatus Ellis, 1911, 41 of Moenkausia costae (Steindachner, 1907), 51 of Orthospinus franciscensis (Eigenmann, 1914), 63 of Tetragonopterus chalceus Spix & Agassiz, 1829 and 83 of Triportheus guentheri (Garman, 1890). Were found 21 endoparasite species among the eight communities ? Digenea: Creptotrema creptotrema Travassos, Artigas & Pereira, 1928, Magnivitellinum simplex Kloss, 1966, unidentified species of Digenea (adults), Austrodiplostomum sp. and Clinostomum marginatum (Rudolphi, 1819) Braun, 1899 (metacercariaes); Eucestoda: unidentified species of Cyclophyllidea (metacestode) and unidentified species of Proteocephalidae (plerocercoids); Nematoda: Procamallanus saofranciscencis Moreira, Oliveira & Costa, 1994, Rhabdochona spA., Spinitectus rodolphiheringi Vaz & Pereira, 1934 (adults), Contracaecum sp., Hysterothylacium sp., Goezia sp., unidentified species of Cucullanidae, Procamallanus sp., Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus) sp., Spiroxys sp., Rhabdochona sp. and Cystidicoloides fischeri (Travassos, Artigas & Pereira, 1928) (larvas); Myxozoa: Henneguya sp. (plasmodium with spores); and Protozoa (Apicomplexa): Calyptospora sp. (cysts with oocysts). Seven of these species were more frequent between the eight hosts: plerocercoids of Proteocephalidae, P. saofranciscencis, Contracaecum sp., Hysterothylacium sp., Spiroxys sp., Rhabdochona sp. and Henneguya sp.. The A. bimaculatus was the richest (16 endoparasite species) and the T. guentheri was the most diverse (Shannon-Wiener = 0,86) communiity. The H. marginatus was the less rich (nine taxa) and diverse community (Shannon-Wiener = 0,03). The most qualitative similarity was between the A. bimaculatus and A. fasciatus communities, while the most quantitative similarity occurred between the H. marginatus and O. franciscensis communities. The structure of parasite communities was mainly influenced by five factors: biotic ? fish species, size and diet; and abiotic: water electrical conductivity and fish collection period. However, the fish diet seems to be the major determining composition of the parasite communities of forage fish from the Tr?s Marias reservoir. / Este trabalho teve como objetivos identificar as esp?cies de parasitos de oito esp?cies de peixes forrageiros do reservat?rio de Tr?s Marias; esclarecer alguns aspectos sobre suas faunas parasit?rias atrav?s da quantifica??o dos par?metros parasit?rios (preval?ncia, intensidade e abund?ncia); determinar ?ndices de diversidade de cada endocomunidade; comparar quantitativa e qualitativamente as comunidades endoparasit?rias desses oito hospedeiros; e investigar quais fatores bi?ticos e abi?ticos foram relevantes na estrutura??o das comunidades endoparasit?rias. Um total de 492 peixes (Characiformes, Characidae) foram coletados no reservat?rio de Tr?s Marias (18?12'59"S, 45?17'34"W), alto rio S?o Francisco, Minas Gerais, entre maio de 2003 e julho 2010. Desse total, 44 esp?cimes eram de Astyanax bimaculatus (Linnaeus, 1758), 76 de Astyanax fasciatus (Cuvier, 1819), 70 de Bryconops affinis (G?nther, 1864), 64 de Hemigrammus marginatus Ellis, 1911, 41 de Moenkausia costae (Steindachner, 1907), 51 de Orthospinus franciscensis (Eigenmann, 1914), 63 de Tetragonopterus chalceus Spix & Agassiz, 1829 e 83 de Triportheus guentheri (Garman, 1890). Foram encontradas 21 esp?cies de endoparasitos dentre as oito comunidades - Digenea: Creptotrema creptotrema Travassos, Artigas & Pereira, 1928, Magnivitellinum simplex Kloss, 1966, uma esp?cie n?o identificada (adultos), Austrodiplostomum sp. e Clinostomum marginatum (Rudolphi, 1819) Braun, 1899 (metacerc?rias); Eucestoda: esp?cie n?o identificada de Cyclophyllidea (metacestoide) e esp?cie n?o identificada de Proteocephalidae (plerocercoides); Nematoda: Procamallanus saofranciscencis Moreira, Oliveira & Costa, 1994, Rhabdochona spA., Spinitectus rodolphiheringi Vaz & Pereira, 1934 (adultos), Contracaecum sp., Hysterothylacium sp., Goezia sp., esp?cie n?o identificada de Cucullanidae, Procamallanus sp., Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus) sp., Spiroxys sp., Rhabdochona sp. e Cystidicoloides fischeri (Travassos, Artigas & Pereira, 1928) (larvas); Myxozoa: Henneguya sp. (plasm?dio com esporos); e Protozoa (Apicomplexa): Calyptospora sp. (cistos com oocistos). Sete dessas foram mais frequentes dentre os oito hospedeiros: plerocercoides de Proteocephalidae, P. saofranciscencis, Contracaecum sp., Hysterothylacium sp., Spiroxys sp., Rhabdochona sp. e Henneguya sp.. A comunidade de A. bimaculatus foi a mais rica (16 esp?cies de endoparasitos) e a de T. guentheri a mais diversa (Shannon-Wiener = 0,86). A comunidade de H. marginatus foi a menos rica (nove t?xons) e diversa (Shannon-Wiener = 0,03). A maior similaridade qualitativa foi entre as comunidades de A. bimaculatus e A. fasciatus, enquanto que a maior similaridade quantitativa se deu entre as comunidades de H. marginatus e O. franciscensis. A estrutura das comunidades parasit?rias foi influenciada principalmente por cinco fatores: bi?ticos ? esp?cie, comprimento e dieta dos peixes; e abi?ticos ? condutividade el?trica da ?gua e ?poca de coleta dos peixes. Contudo, a dieta dos peixes pareceu ser o maior determinante da composi??o das comunidades endoparasit?rias dos forrageiros do reservat?rio de Tr?s Marias.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:02:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PatriciaLSCL.pdf: 1934431 bytes, checksum: cb552f8c167ecea1cf7b85c22d8a6a10 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-03-24 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / It is important to evaluate the quality of water for proper management of these resources, since the increase of environmental degradation and the multiple use of water resources are decreasing the quality of water consumed by living beings. The objective of this study was to characterize the phytoplankton community and its variations during periods of dray and rain in Jiqui Lake located in Parnamirim, RN. It was also aimed to analyze the physical and chemical factors of this environment, in order to contribute to the knowledge of water quality used for human consumption. The collection of water samples were carried out in September 2008 to August 2009. The collection of the phytoplankton community was carried out in four sampling sites (surface, bottom, margin of the lake without macrophytes and site dominated by macrophytes). Phytoplankton was collected using plankton net of 20?m. The analysis of nutrients and identification of phytoplankton were performed in the laboratory. The results indicate that concentration of chlorophyll a was high in the bottom with mean value of 1.07 ?gL-1 (SD ? 1.61). During the study period there was a dominance of the following species: Euglena gracilis, Trachelomonas sp, Cyclotellas sp, Gomphonema apuncto, Navicula cuspidata var. cuspidata, Navicula sp, Rhopalodia gibba. There was homogeneity between limnological values in the four study sites, with significant difference between the periods of drought and rain. The Jiqui Lake is considered oligotrophic due to its low concentrations of chlorophyll a, high transparency and low levels of nutrients. The values of BOD and chlorophyll a concentration remained below the permitted standards existing for freshwaters in Brazil, thus the water from Lake Jiqui is of good quality, suitable for human consumption. / O aumento da degrada??o ambiental e o uso m?ltiplo dos recursos h?dricos v?m diminuindo a qualidade da ?gua consumida pelos seres vivos, por isso ? importante a sua avalia??o para o adequado gerenciamento desses recursos. Este estudo teve como objetivo caracterizar a comunidade fitoplanct?nica juntamente com a sua varia??o durante os per?odos de estiagem e de chuva da Lagoa do Jiqui, localizada em Parnamirim, RN, al?m de analisar os fatores f?sico-qu?micos desses ambientes aqu?ticos, a fim de contribuir para o conhecimento da qualidade de ?gua desse manancial utilizada para o abastecimento humano. As coletas das amostras de ?gua foram realizadas de setembro de 2008 a agosto de 2009. A coleta da comunidade fitoplanct?nica foi realizada em quatro s?tios de amostragem (superf?cie, fundo, banco da macr?fitas e na margem da lagoa sem macr?fitas). O fitopl?ncton foi coletado utilizando-se uma rede de pl?ncton de 20?m. Em laborat?rio, foram realizadas as an?lises dos nutrientes e a identifica??o da comunidade fitoplanct?nica. Os resultados indicam que a concentra??o da clorofila a foi elevada no fundo com valor m?dia de 1,07 ?gL-1 (DP? 1,61). Durante o per?odo de estudo ocorreu uma domin?ncia das esp?cies Euglena gracilis, Trachelomonas sp, Cyclotellas sp, Gomphonema apuncto, Navicula cuspidata var. cuspidata, Navicula sp, Rhopalodia gibba. Houve homogeneidade entre os valores limnol?gicos nos quatro s?tios estudados, com diferen?a significativa entre os per?odos de estiagem e de chuva. A Lagoa do Jiqui ? oligotr?fica, uma vez que apresenta baixas concentra??es de clorofila a, alta transpar?ncia e baixos valores de nutrientes. Os valores da DBO e concentra??o da clorofila a se mantiveram abaixo do permitido pelos padr?es existentes para ?guas doces no Brasil, assim conferindo as ?guas da Lagoa do Jiqui de boa qualidade, adequada para o consumo humano.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:02:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JuskaMSM.pdf: 940466 bytes, checksum: 95c63af4ea67b2fb9341e2034e0242a4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-07-30 / The incidence of toxic cyanobacterial blooms is one of the important consequences of eutrophication in aquatic ecosystems. It is a very common phenomenon in reservoirs and shrimp ponds in the State of Rio Grande do Norte (RN), Brazil. Cyanobacterias produce toxins which can affect aquatic organisms and men trough the food chain. Aiming to contribute to the studies of cyanobacterias in RN, we propose: a) to evaluate the toxicity of isolated cyanobacterias in important fresh-water environments; and b) to verify the effects of both natural and cultured blooms occurred in reservoirs for human supply and in the cladoceran Ceriodaphnia silvestrii. This study was carried out using samples of natural blooms occurred between March and October of 2004 in Gargalheiras Dam (08? L e 39? W), in July of 2004 in Armando Ribeiro Gon?alves Dam (06o S e 37o W) and in commercial shrimp ponds (Litopenaeus vannamei) located in fresh-water environments. The samples were collected with plankton net (20?m.) for identification, isolation and obtaining of phytoplanktonic biomass for liophilization and later toxicity bioassays. The toxicity of cultured samples and natural blooms was investigated through bioassays in Swiss mice. Quantification of cyanobacteria in samples was conducted following the ?termol method, with 300mL samples fixed with lugol. The toxicity test with Ceriodaphnia silvestrii followed ABNT, 2001 recommendations, and were accomplished with natural hepatotoxic bloom s samples and cultured samples of both non-toxic and neurotoxic C. raciborskii. In this test, five newborns, aged between 6 and 24 hours, were exposed to different concentrations (0 a 800 mg.L-1) of crude cyanobacterial extracts during 24 and 48 hours. Three replicates were used per treatment. The pH, temperature and dissolved oxygen at the beginning and after 24 and 48hours from the test were measured. We estimated the CL50 through the Trimmed Spearman-Karber method. The blooms were constituted by Microcystis panniformis, M. aeruginosa, Anabaena circinalis, Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii and Planktothrix agardhii, producers of mycrocistin-LR confirmed with HPLC analysis. Samples of hepatotoxic blooms registered toxinogenic potential for C. silvestrii, with CL50-24h value of 47.48 mg.L-1 and CL5048h of 38.15 mg.L-1 for GARG samples in march/2005; CL50-24h of 113,13 mg.L-1 and CL5048h of 88,24 mg.L-1 for ARG July/2004; CL50-24h of 300.39 mg.L-1 and CL50-48h of 149.89 mg.L-1 for GARG October/2005. For cultured samples, values of CL50-24h and CL50-48h for C. raciborskii toxic strains were 228.05 and 120.28 mg.L-1, respectively. There was no mortality of C. silvestrii during the tests with non-toxic C. raciborskii strain. The toxicity test with C. silvestrii presented good sensitivity degree to cyanotoxins. The toxicity of natural hepatotoxic blooms samples (microcystins) and cultured neurotoxic saxitoxins producer samples analyzed in this study give us strong indications of that toxin s influence on the zooplanktonic community structure in tropical aquatic environments. Eleven cyanobacteria strains were isolated, representing 6 species: Anabaenopsis sp., Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii, Chroococcus sp., Microcystis panniformis, Geitlerinema unigranulatum e Planktothrix agardhii. None presented toxicity in Swiss mice. The strains were catalogued and deposited in the Laborat?rio de Ecologia e Toxicologia de Organismos Aqu?ticos (LETMA), in UFRN, and will be utilized in ecotoxicol?gical and ecophysiological studies, aiming to clarify the causes and control of cyanobacterial blooms in aquatic environments in RN. This state s reservoirs must receive broader attention from the authorities, considering the constant blooms occurring in waters used for human consumption / Incid?ncia de flora??es t?xicas de cianobact?rias ? uma das conseq??ncias da eutrofiza??o nos ecossistemas aqu?ticos, sendo comum a sua ocorr?ncia em reservat?rios e viveiros de cultivo de camar?o no Estado Rio Grande do Norte. Cianobact?rias podem produzir toxinas que podem afetar organismos aqu?ticos e o homem atrav?s da cadeia alimentar. Visando contribuir com o desenvolvimento de estudos ecotoxicol?gicos de cianobact?rias no RN, nos propomos avaliar a toxicidade de cianobact?rias isoladas de ambientes de ?guas doces e verificar o efeito de cultura e flora??es naturais ocorridas em reservat?rios para abastecimento humano, no crust?ceo clad?cero Ceriodaphnia silvestrii. O estudo foi conduzido com amostras de flora??es naturais ocorridas em mar?o e outubro de 2004 na Barragem Gargalheiras (08? L e 39? W), em julho de 2004 na Barragem Armando Ribeiro Gon?alves (06o S e 37o W) e em fazendas comerciais de cultivo de camar?o (Litopenaeus vannamei), localizadas em ambientes de ?gua doce do RN (6o 58 S e 38o 36 W). As amostras de flora??es foram coletadas com rede de pl?ncton (20?m) para identifica??o, isolamento e obten??o de biomassa fitoplanct?nica para liofiliza??o e posterior determina??o da toxicidade por bioensaios. A toxicidade das amostras de culturas e flora??es naturais foi investigada atrav?s de bioensaios em camundongos Swiss. A quantifica??o das cianobact?rias foi realizada pelo m?todo de ?termol, utlizando-se amostras (300mL) fixadas com lugol. O teste de toxicidade com Ceriodaphnia silvestrii seguiu as recomenda??es da ABNT (2001) e foram realizadas com amostras de flora??es naturais hepatot?xicas e culturas de C. raciborskii neurot?xica e n?o t?xica. No teste, cinco neonatos com idade entre 6 e 24 horas foram expostos a diferentes concentra??es (0 a 800 mg.L-1) de extrato bruto de cianobact?rias durante 24 e 48 horas. Tr?s replicatas por tratamentos foram usadas. Foram medidos o pH, a temperatura e o oxig?nio dissolvido no in?cio, com 24 e com 48 horas do teste. Atrav?s do m?todo Trimmed Spearman-Karber foi estimado a CL50. As flora??es eram mistas e compostas por Microcystis panniformis, M. aeruginosa, Anabaena circinalis, Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii e Planktothrix agardhii, produtoras de microcistina- LR, confirmada atrav?s de an?lise por HPLC. Amostras de flora??es hepatot?xicas registraram potencial toxinog?nico para o C. silvestrii, com valores de CL50-24h de 47.48 mg.L-1 e CL50-48h de 38.15 mg.L-1 para a amostra de GARG mar/05; CL50-24h de 113,13 mg.L-1 e CL50-48h de 88,24 mg.L-1 para ARG jul/04; CL50-24h de 300.39 mg.L-1 e CL50-48h de 149.89 mg.L-1 para GARG 10/05. Para as amostras de cultura valores de CL50-24h e CL50-48h para a cepa t?xica de C. raciborskii foram de 228.05 e 120.28 mg.L-1, respectivamente. N?o houve mortalidade dos C. silvestrii nos testes com a cepa de C. raciborskii n?o-t?xica. O teste de toxicidade com C. silvestrii apresentou um bom grau de sensibilidade ?s cianotoxinas. A toxicidade das amostras de flora??es naturais hepatot?xicas (microcistinas) e culturas neurot?xicas produtoras de saxitoxinas verificadas neste estudo fornece forte indicativos da influ?ncia dessas toxinas sobre a estrutura da comunidade zooplanct?nica em ambientes aqu?ticos tropicais. Foram isoladas 11 cepas de cianobact?rias de reservat?rios e viveiros do Estado, representadas por 6 esp?cies: Anabaenopsis sp., Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii, Chroococcus sp., Microcystis panniformis, Geitlerinema unigranulatum e Planktothrix agardhii. Nenhuma cepa apresentou toxicidade em camundongos Swiss. As cepas foram catalogadas e depositadas no Laborat?rio de Ecologia e Toxicologia de Organismos Aqu?ticos (LETMA) da UFRN e ser?o utilizadas em estudos ecotoxicol?gicos e ecofisiol?gicos visando esclarecer as causas e controle de flora??es de cianobact?rias nos ambientes aqu?ticos do Estado. Os reservat?rios do Rio Grande do Norte devem merecer maior aten??o perante os ?rg?os respons?veis, tendo em vista os constantes florescimentos t?xicos de cianobact?rias em ?guas utilizadas para consumo humano