In duopoly Cournot competition with sequential moves, it is well known that each player prefers Stackelberg leadership without demand uncertainty. We study the same game when the demand is uncertain, and firms possess some private information about the uncertain demand. There are two effects of private information in this game. First, when the Stackelberg leader moves first, its private information is leaked to, or inferred by the Stackelberg follower via the output quantity. Hence, the Stackelberg follower makes decision based on more accurate information than the leader. Second, the leader incurs a cost to signal its information to the follower, which hurts the leader. Both effects hurt the Stackelberg leader, then the follower may earn more ex ante profit than the leader. When the demand is continuous, Gal-or (1987) assumes that firms follow linear decision rules and reports that the follower always sets a higher output quantity than the leader and earns more profit than the leader. However, our study finds that it is true if and only if the demand is unboundedly distributed. Otherwise, the Stackelberg leader's Pareto-optimal output quantity is not linear in its private information unless it observes the highest signal, and the follower does not always earn more ex ante profit than the leader. When the demand is discretely distributed, we study how the number of demand states influences the effect of cost of signaling. With more demand states, the effect of cost of signaling on the leader becomes more significant, and the follower may earn more ex ante profit than the leader.

Competitive advantage (CA) is an intuitively evident concept which has been widely used in theoretical research in strategy. But CA's diffuse image and its dynamic nature make it a difficult concept to apply. The purpose of this study was to develop a comprehensive (or macro) CA construct capable of being applied in an empirical manner across a broad spectrum of business situations. This objective required both an adequate grounding of the CA concept within its nomological- net of theories and a new operationalization approach.

Kooperativt lärande i matematik är en framgångsrik metod och lärare över hela världenförespråkar och arbetar utifrån detta arbetssätt (Kagan och Stenlev, 2017). Syftet meddenna kunskapsöversikt blev således att undersöka vad som krävs för att göra kooperativtlärande kunskapsutvecklande och vilken roll läraren har. Undersökningen gjordes genomsammanställning och analys av befintlig forskning. Sökningar genomfördes i olikadatabaser för att identifiera vetenskapliga artiklar som sedan analyserades ochsammanfattades. Resultatet visade att läraren har en betydande roll i det kooperativalärandet för att det ska fungera. Utifrån resultatet fick vi fram att gruppsammansättningar,undervisning om kooperativt lärande samt att ge elever med neuropsykiskafunktionsnedsättningar (NPF) stöttning är framgångsfaktorer i det kooperativa lärandet.Avslutningsvis diskuteras resultatet utifrån personliga erfarenheter samt vad som skullekunna vara relevant för framtida forskning.

There exists heightened research attention afforded to the pivotal demands - both internal and external - that exist within the salesperson role set. Unprecedented pressures on salespersons to acquire, retain, and build enduring customer relationships to enhance the firm's bottom-line performance coincides with increasing complexities within the work environment. This relevant and timely research introduces an original construct derived from the long-standing attention afforded to relationship selling, relational incongruity that exists within the buyer-seller exchange. Relational incongruity, defined, is the relational tension spawned between the salesperson, the customer, and the firm when situational psychological incongruity exists within the buyer-seller exchange itself. Framed in resource-advantage theory, this research investigates divergent demands and the increasing complexity of sales relationships through the lens of relational incongruity. A research program based on minimizing relational incongruity will augment the sales management and B2B literature by looking at how he salesperson and the customer build strong relationships as well as the antecedents that can undermine these relationships by generating realtional incongruity.

Purpose The purpose of this study is to explore the perspective of CSR in the apparel industries of Bangladesh. The Rana Plaza disaster in 2013 causes some institutional changes in Bangladesh apparel Industry. Apparel firms are facing strict regulations and monitoring by buyers and different governing bodies. So, the purpose of this study is to investigate different firms’ perceptions of rigorous CSR policy and compliance pressure. The study examines the influence of CSR on different performance parameters like productivity and quality. Design / Methodology / Approach This research uses a qualitative method. Three apparel industries were selected for the study. After that, three different levels of stakeholders were interviewed in semi-structured manner from each of the firms. Interview findings were validated with secondary data in most cases. Finally, interview outcomes were analysed, and research questions were answered accordingly. Findings The results indicate that the studied firms consider CSR as philanthropic and ethical responsibilities. Firms believe that CSR brings long-term business benefit and sustainability despite having high initial costs and enormous competition in the cutthroat nature of the market. So, this research finds CSR should be considered as a business opportunity rather than an obligation. CSR gives the reputational benefit which poises the power balance to the suppliers. Additionally, the research also indicates CSR positively alters the lifestyle of workers and improves the working environment, that reduces absenteeism and increases workers' dedication to the job. Different CSR activities impart financial and non-financial motivation to the workers, which significantly improves productivity and product quality. Limitation / implication The study only deals with some reputed firms of Bangladesh and their perspective was quite positive about CSR. However, the study finds few obligatory aspects of CSR comparing with the previous literature. The research discusses the CSR perspective on specific global proximity, CSR perspective and outcome may be different in the other parts of the world. Moreover, the research is limited to the nature of the impact (Productivity and Quality) of CSR, future research can be carried out to assess the extent of the impact. This study argues on what basis firms should consider CSR as an opportunity. Reputational benefit is one of the major non-financial benefit that firms should use for the business expansion and sustainability. This research can be used as an example for maximizing productivity and quality by enhancing workers motivation.

The hospitals and their healthcare providers need to optimize simultaneously three outcomes: healthcare costs, healthcare options offered to customers, and information utilization efficiency. The adoption of electronic healthcare record (EHR) technologies is a potential managerial mechanism for balancing these outcomes. EHR offers patient management and decision support capabilities that can ameliorate health delivery outcomes for patients, doctors, and hospitals through better-informed business and care decisions. The analysis of data collected in an EHR system may lower costs and improve health care delivery (or both). In sum, it could be argued that EHR is a source of competitive advantage. Despite this prima facie appeal, many hospitals remain reluctant to adopt and implement EHR due to lack of insights into return on investment, unavailability of tested systems and data entry obstacles. To address this gap between the potential of EHR system and lack of its adoption, the purpose of this research is to investigate the role of EHR as a resource of competitive advantage for hospital. Essay 1, titled "Implementation and Adoption of EHR: A Conceptual Model based on Resource Advantage Theory", describes the antecedents and consequences of EHR adoption and implementation. Essay 2, titled "Exploring the Relationship Between Electronic Healthcare Record Adoption and Quality of Care", delves deeper into the operational performance of a hospital. This essay focuses on the impact of EHR on different aspects of patient care and thereby on the financial performance of the hospital. Essay 3, titled "The Effect of Resources on a Hospital's Financial Performance: The Moderating Role of Electronic Health Records Implementation and Adoption", is an empirical inquiry into the key factors that may influence hospitals' financial performance. These include organizational factors (such as, number of nurses and beds) and environmental factors (such as, location and received donations). Further, this essay explores the interaction effects between EHR and these factors. In summary, this research provides a conceptualization and an empirical investigation of EHR adoption and implementation and its impact on hospitals' operational and financial performance, an area receiving widespread attention from health care organizations, patient rights activists, public policy makers and the media. Future research can take two paths. First, further research should address questions related to the integration of EHR with other production and inventory management systems, and the prospective benefits attained from system integration. Second research is needed to investigate how parallel information transfer across multiple stakeholders may concurrently preserve Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act, reduce health care delivery costs and optimize service quality.

This master’s thesis deals with project of company’s Eisberg, a.s. business strategy. The master’s thesis describes and analyzes particular sections of company’s business in that the company works. I’m finding imperfections in these sections and sequentially I’m processing proposals and disposals that can enable to better the position of the company in the market.

The theme of this thesis is to create the concrete project of development in selected entrepreneurial subject´s, which is here infocenter Turista from Pec pod Sněžkou. The work also contains of appropriate methods and procedures used in valuation of the company´s efficiency. The achieved results from implemented analysis hand information about the company´s situation and help to determine its supposed development.

Diplomová práce analyzuje vnější a vnitřní prostředi vybrané společnosti a současný stav marketingových aktivit ve vybrané společnosti. Obsahuje návrh marketingových aktivit, které povedou ke zvýšení kokurenceschopnosti dané firmy.

The master’s thesis describes current situation on the market and its competition. It contains the proposal of an optimal competitive strategy for market segment „door fittings“ for the Czech Republic which should lead to maintenance of the position of the company or to reinforce its position on the market.