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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
101

Couverture d'un mot bidimensionnel par un motif chevauchant / Covering a bidimensional word with an overlapping pattern

Gamard, Guilhem 30 June 2017 (has links)
Nous étudions dans cette thèse la notion de quasipériodicité,introduite par Apostolico et Ehrenfeucht au début des années 1990,puis étendue aux mots infinis par Solomon Marcus au début des années2000. Un mot (fini ou infini) w est quasipériodique s'il peut êtrecouvert par des occurrences, éventuellement chevauchantes, d'un autremot, fini, appelé sa quasipériode. En 2006, Monteil etMarcus ont introduit la notion plus forte de quasipériodicitémulti-échelles : le fait d'avoir une infinité de quasipériodes.Dans un premier temps, nous étudions la quasipériodicité des motsinfinis bidimensionnels. Nous montrons que, contrairement au casunidimensionnel où la quasipériodicité ne force aucune propriété fortedes mots infinis, il existe des quasipériodes q qui forcent les mots2D q-quasipériodiques à être d'entropie nulle. Nous montrons égalementque la quasipériodicité multi-échelles en deux dimensions forcel'existence de fréquences uniformes pour les facteurs.Dans un deuxième temps, nous donnons des résultats sur les motsinfinis en une dimension. Nous donnons notament une approchepermettant de déterminer les quasipériodes d'un mot infini à partir deses facteurs carrés et de ses facteurs spéciaux. Nous montrons ensuiteque la famille des mots périodiques, ainsi que celle des mots standardsturmiens, peuvent être caractérisées en termes de quasipériodicitémulti-échelles. / We study the notion of quasiperiodicity, introduced by Apostolico and Ehrenfeucht at the beginning of the 1990's, then extended to infinite words by Solomon Marcus at the beginning of the 2000's. A (finite or infinite) word w is quasiperiodic if it can be covered by occurrences, possibly overlapping, of another finite word, call its quasiperiod. In 2006, Monteil and Marcus introduced a stronger notion: multi-scale quasiperiodicity, the property of having infinitely many quasiperiods.First we study quasiperiodicity of two-dimensional infinite words. We show that, by contrast with the one-dimensional case where quasiperiodicity do not force any property on infinite words, there exist quasiperiods q which force 2D q-quasiperiodic words to have zero entropy. We also show that multi-scale quasiperiodicity in two dimension force the existence of uniform frequencies for factors.Then we give results on infinite words in one dimension. Most notably we give a method to determine the quasiperiods of an infinite words from its square and special factors. We show that the family of periodic words and standard Sturmian words are characterizable in terms of multi-scale quasiperiodicity.
102

Algoritmisk handel - en kartläggning av risk, volatilitet, likviditet och övervakning

Elofsson Bjesse, Mimmi, Eriksson, Emma January 2018 (has links)
As technological changes have revolutionized the way financials assets are traded today, algorithmic trading has grown to become a major part of the world's stock markets. This study aims to explore algorithmic trading through the eyes of different market operators. The market operators have, partly based on the stakeholder theory, been categorized into six categories, namely private investors, day traders, banks, the stock market, algorithmic developers and regulators. In this study we used a qualitative research design and 11 semistructured interviews have been conducted with the market operators about the main categories risks, volatility, liquidity and monitoring. The results contributed a broader view of algorithmic trading. Respondents saw a lot of risks with the business, but the majority did not express any serious concerns about this. Volatility and liquidity were considered to be affected in both directions, depending on context. Regarding monitoring of algorithmic trading, respondents considered it necessary, but the answers differ if the current monitoringis sufficient or not. The empirical results are partly in line with previous research.
103

Desenvolvimento algorítmico e arquitetural para a estimação de movimento na compressão de vídeo de alta definição / Algorithmic and architectural development for motion estimation on high definition video compression

Porto, Marcelo Schiavon January 2012 (has links)
A compressão de vídeo é um tema extremamente relevante no cenário atual, principalmente devido ao crescimento significativo da utilização de vídeos digitais. Sem a compressão, é praticamente impossível enviar ou armazenar vídeos digitais devido à sua grande quantidade de informações, inviabilizando aplicações como televisão digital de alta definição, vídeo conferência, vídeo chamada para celulares etc. O problema vem se tornando maior com o crescimento de aplicações de vídeos de alta definição, onde a quantidade de informação é consideravelmente maior. Diversos padrões de compressão de vídeo foram desenvolvidos nos últimos anos, todos eles podem gerar grandes taxas de compressão. Os padrões de compressão de vídeo atuais obtêm a maior parte dos seus ganhos de compressão explorando a redundância temporal, através da estimação de movimento. No entanto, os algoritmos de estimação de movimento utilizados atualmente não consideram as variações nas características dos vídeos de alta definição. Neste trabalho uma avaliação da estimação de movimento em vídeos de alta definição é apresentada, demonstrando que algoritmos rápidos conhecidos, e largamente utilizados pela comunidade científica, não apresentam os mesmos resultados de qualidade com o aumento da resolução dos vídeos. Isto demonstra a importância do desenvolvimento de novos algoritmos focados em vídeos de altíssima definição, superiores à HD 1080p. Esta tese apresenta o desenvolvimento de novos algoritmos rápidos de estimação de movimento, focados na codificação de vídeos de alta definição. Os algoritmos desenvolvidos nesta tese apresentam características que os tornam menos suscetíveis à escolha de mínimos locais, resultando em ganhos significativos de qualidade em relação aos algoritmos rápidos convencionais, quando aplicados a vídeos de alta definição. Além disso, este trabalho também visa o desenvolvimento de arquiteturas de hardware dedicadas para estes novos algoritmos, igualmente dedicadas a vídeos de alta definição. O desenvolvimento arquitetural é extremamente relevante, principalmente para aplicações de tempo real a 30 quadros por segundo, e também para a utilização em dispositivos móveis, onde requisitos de desempenho e potência são críticos. Todos os algoritmos desenvolvidos foram avaliados para um conjunto de 10 sequências de teste HD 1080p, e seus resultados de qualidade e custo computacional foram avaliados e comparados com algoritmos conhecidos da literatura. As arquiteturas de hardware dedicadas, desenvolvidas para os novos algoritmos, foram descritas em VHDL e sintetizadas para FPGAs e ASIC, em standard cells nas tecnologias 0,18μm e 90nm. Os algoritmos desenvolvidos apresentam ganhos de qualidade para vídeos de alta definição em relação a algoritmos rápidos convencionais, e as arquiteturas desenvolvidas possuem altas taxas de processamento com baixo consumo de recursos de hardware e de potência. / Video compression is an extremely relevant theme in today’s scenario, mainly due to the significant growth in digital video applications. Without compression, it is almost impossible to send or store digital videos, due to the large amount of data that they require, making applications such as high definition digital television, video conferences, mobiles video calls, and others unviable. This demand is increasing since there is a strong growth in high definition video applications, where the amount of information is considerably larger. Many video coding standards were developed in the last few years, all of them can achieve excellent compression rates. A significant part of the compression gains in the current video coding standards are obtained through the exploration of the temporal redundancies by means of the motion estimation process. However, the current motion estimation algorithms do not consider the inherent variations that appear in high and ultra-high definition videos. In this work an evaluation of the motion estimation in high definition videos is presented. This evaluation shows that some well know fast algorithms, that are widely used by the scientific community, do not keep the same quality results when applied to high resolution videos. It demonstrates the relevance of new fast algorithms that are focused on high definition videos. This thesis presents the development of new fast motion estimation algorithms focused in high definition video encoding. The algorithms developed in this thesis show some characteristics that make them more resilient to avoid local minima, when applied to high definition videos. Moreover, this work also aims at the development of dedicated hardware architectures for these new algorithms, focused on high definition videos. The architectural development is extremely relevant, mainly for real time applications at 30 frames per second, and also for mobile applications, where performance and power are critical issues. All developed algorithms were assessed using 10 HD 1080p test video sequences, and the results for quality and computational cost were evaluated and compared against known algorithms from the literature. The dedicated hardware architectures, developed for the new algorithms, were described in VHDL and synthesized for FPGA and ASIC. The ASIC implementation used 0.18μm and 90nm CMOS standard cells technology. The developed algorithms present quality gains in comparison to regular fast algorithms for high definition videos, and the developed architectures presents high processing rate with low hardware resources cost and power consumption.
104

Fraturas metodológicas nas arquiteturas digitais / Methodology break in the digital architectures

Verônica Gomes Natividade 20 May 2010 (has links)
O objetivo da presente dissertação é investigar as mudanças ocorridas na metodologia de projeto arquitetônico em função da incorporação do computador como ferramenta auxiliar na concepção de projetos. Parte do princípio de que existe relação íntima entre a ferramenta empregada, a metodologia adotada e a forma arquitetônica, tomando como recorte temporal a segunda metade do século XX. Mais especificamente, investiga as chamadas arquiteturas digitais, isto é, aquelas arquiteturas cuja elaboração e manipulação da forma tiveram como plataforma as ferramentas digitais ou softwares específicos para o desenho e modelagem. Neste caso, o computador não é empregado como ferramenta de representação, mas associado ao processo criativo, causando interferências diretas na forma dos edifícios. Norteada pela pergunta como as novas arquiteturas têm sido concebidas?, o foco primordial da dissertação são as técnicas básicas exclusivamente digitais. Para isso, o estudo analisa três momentos evolutivos da metodologia de projeto assistido pelo computador. O período de formulação, onde é estudada a evolução das ferramentas digitais de projeto e sua gradativa incorporação ao domínio arquitetônico, bem como as novas técnicas e conceitos surgidos nesse momento; o ponto de inflexão, com a construção da primeira das arquiteturas digitais, o Museu Guggenheim de Bilbao, a partir do qual houve a consolidação do movimento digital na disciplina; e, finalmente, o terceiro momento, onde é identificada a fratura metodológica, isto é, quando as tecnologias paramétricas e algorítmicas, identificadas como duas técnicas básicas essencialmente digitais, emergiram como fontes catalisadoras do processo de evolução das arquiteturas digitais para as arquiteturas geradas digitalmente. Com este trabalho, pretende-se fornecer contribuições iniciais para a atualização e evolução da prática de projeto na cena arquitetônica brasileira. / This research aims to investigate the changes in architectural design methodology due to the introduction of the computer as a tool to assist the design process. It assumes that tools, adopted methodology and architectural form are close related, taking as cut-off time the second half of the twentieth century. More specifically, it investigates the so-called \'digital architecture\', that is, the digitally-based design architectures. In this case, the computer is not used as a tool for visualization, but as a generative tool to manipulates and transform architectural form. Guided by the question \'how new architectures have been conceived?\', this research focused on exclusively digital techniques. The research examines three moments of the evolutionary digital design methodology. The formulation period, where embracing the evolution of digital design tools and their gradual incorporation into the architectural practice, as well as new techniques and concepts arising in this moment. The turning point, with theconstruction of the first digital architecture, the Guggenheim Museum in Bilbao, which can be defined as a consolidating moment of the digital real in architecture realm, and finally, the third moment, identified as a \'methodology break\', when the parametric and algorithmic technologies, recognized as essentially digital techniques that emerged as catalyst in the process of evolution \'from digital architectures for digitally generated architectures\'. This research aims to provide initial contributions for the upgrade and evolution of design practice in Brazilian architectural scenario.
105

Proposta de um modelo de referência de processo para o desenvolvimento de produtos integrado com os sistemas generativos de projeto

Lima, Fernando Augusto Capuzzo de 26 April 2016 (has links)
Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-07-25T13:28:28Z No. of bitstreams: 1 fernandoaugustocapuzzodelima.pdf: 6152432 bytes, checksum: 3675029f4950888d8c5071bd7d5d4a44 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-07-25T16:34:17Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 fernandoaugustocapuzzodelima.pdf: 6152432 bytes, checksum: 3675029f4950888d8c5071bd7d5d4a44 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-25T16:34:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 fernandoaugustocapuzzodelima.pdf: 6152432 bytes, checksum: 3675029f4950888d8c5071bd7d5d4a44 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-04-26 / Em um cenário de constantes mudanças tecnológicas e sociais, as crescentes complexidades do projeto contemporâneo vêm aumentando significativamente. O uso de softwares com abordagens paramétricas na exploração de projetos tem facilitado a automação dos demorados processos de desenho manual e permitido a introdução de alterações em fases posteriores do projeto. A inclusão do projeto algorítmico na prática projetual leva a necessidade de repensar o processo de projeto com base em conceitos não-lineares, isso porque sua construção está vinculada a um histórico projetual explícito. O enfoque deste trabalho foi o processo de desenvolvimento de um produto (PDP). O objetivo foi propor um modelo de referência de processo, que integrado com os Sistemas Generativos de Projeto (SGP), permitiu entender a sistemática da modelagem tridimensional nos softwares Rhinoceros e Grasshopper. Para que esse objetivo fosse alcançado foi utilizada a metodologia Design Science Research, onde foram analisados dois estudos de caso e desenvolvido um estudo exploratório intitulado de “Mesa dinâmica: uma experiência de mobiliário generativo”. Essa experimentação prática nos permitiu entender o fluxo de informações de um PDP quando associado aos SGP. O ato de tornar o processo explícito pode contribuir como um método estruturado na aplicação dos princípios lógicos do projeto algorítmico, agindo como uma lista de verificação no desenvolvimento de futuros projetos e promovendo uma comunicação mais rápida e eficiente entre os vários projetistas. / The contemporary design complexities have significantly increased in a scenario of continuous technological and social changes. Using parametric approach-based softwares to explore designs helps automating time-consuming hand drawing processes and allows making changes in later stages of the design. The algorithmic design inclusion into design practices leads to the need to rethink the design process based on non-linear concepts, since its construction is linked to an explicit design history. The current study focuses on the product development process (PDP). It has the aim of proposing a process reference model that, in articulation with Generative Design Systems (GDS), allows understanding how threedimensional modeling operates in softwares such as Rhinoceros and Grasshopper. Thus, a Design Sciense Research methodology that included the analysis of two case studies as well as the development of an exploratory study entitled "Dynamic table: a generative furniture experience" was used. This practical experimentation allowed understanding the information flow of a GDS-associated PDP. Making this process explicit may work as a structured method to apply the logical principles of algorithmic design. It may also work as a checklist in the development of future designs and provide faster and more efficient communication between different designers.
106

Seleção de especies arboreas tropicais prioritarias para a conservação : o caso da Estação Ecologica de Caetetus

Stella, Andre 09 February 2002 (has links)
Orientador : Paulo Yoshio Kageyama / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-02T09:14:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Stella_Andre_M.pdf: 10711050 bytes, checksum: 297037a1994968f5793c631d00f8e345 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2002 / Resumo: Foi testada uma metodologia de seleção de espécies arbóreas tropicais prioritárias para a conservação. O estudo foi conduzido na Estação Ecológica de Caetetus, uma unidade de conservação de proteção integral, administrada pelo Instituto Florestal, no estado de São Paulo. Foram definidos critérios de pontuação e foi usado o método dos algoritmos para a classificação das espécies em ordem de importância para a conservação. A partir de um total de 214 espécies lenhosas conhecidas, cinco prioritárias foram selecionadas para estudos posteriores: Myroxilum peruiferum; Euterpe edulis; Chorisia speciosa; Hymenaea courbaril e Jacaratia spinosa. As populações destas espécies foram investigadas in situ procurando-se realizar um levantamento preliminar da distribuição de indivíduos adultos e da regeneração; quatro espécies apresentaram densidade entre baixa e média (até 10 árvores/ha), enquanto que E. edulis mostrou-se em alta densidade somente em áreas muito úmidas; duas espécies apresentaram exigências a fatores limitantes (umidade e luz); foi concluído que as amostragens foram insuficientes e que um esforço amostral de 2 ha pode ser pequeno para aquelas espécies. A análise do sistema dos algoritmos, bem como a da seleção e uso dos critérios revelou pontos fortes e pontos fracos da metodologia, tendo sido concluído que a metodologia pode ser útil para a seleção de espécies arbóreas tropicais para diferentes fins; foi sugerido que o estudo seja continuado, de forma a corrigir suas eventuais falhas / Abstract: An algorithmic method, composed of 17 criteria, was tested in order to do the assessment of priority wood species for conservationists' purposes in tropical areas. The research was conduced in a semi-deciduous seasonal forest, inside the 'Caetetus' Ecological Station, a protected area located in the countryside of São Paulo state, BraziL All the tree species were classified in order of importance for the conservation of the genetic resources of the forest. From a survey of 214 tree species, five were selected for further research: Myroxilum peruiferum; Euterpe edulis; Chorisia speciosa; Hymenaea courbaril and Jacaratia spinosa. A preliminary survey of their regeneration and adults population was conduced; the results pointed that two of them have specific environmental requirements (moisture or light); four of them occur in low to medium density (< 10 tree/ha); and showed the needing of higher sampling efforts. The algorithmic systematic and the selection of the criteria was discussed, pointing some strong and other weak points of the method; it was concluded that this analyses could be used for the assessment of tropical wood species; and it was suggested that the weaker points should be corrected in a further research / Mestrado / Mestre em Biologia Vegetal
107

Algorithmic Trading of Pairs / Algoritmické obchodování párů

Razumňak, Michal January 2017 (has links)
Pair trading is a well-known strategy based on statistical arbitrage. This strategy uses a short-term deviation from the mean value of the price ratio of two highly correlated stocks from the same sector as the opportunity to open a position. When ratio returns to its mean value again, the position closes. This strategy has been used for many years and the main outcome of this thesis was to test whether this strategy can be profitable even in current market conditions. For that purpose, data ranging from 2010 to April 2017 on all stocks included in the S&P 500 index were used. It was subsequently found that a pair trading strategy generated 25x higher absolute profit in comparison to random agent. Thus, it can still be considered as a profitable strategy.
108

Algorithmic composition using signal processing and swarm behavior. : Evaluation of three candidate methods.

Nygren, Sten January 2016 (has links)
Techniques for algorithmic musical composition or generative music working directly with the frequencies of the sounds being played are rare today as most approaches rely on mapping of discrete states. The purpose of this work is to investigate how self organizing audio can be created in realtime based on pitch information, and to find methods that give both expressive control and some unpredictability. A series of experiments were done using SuperCollider and evaluated against criteria formulated using music theory and psychoacoustics. One approach was utilizing the missing fundamental phenomenon and pitch detection using autocorrelation. This approach generated unpredictable sounds but was too much reliant on user input to generate evolving sounds. Another approach was the Kuramoto model of synchronizing oscillators. This resulted in pleasant phasing sounds when oscillators modulating the amplitudes of audible oscillators were synchronized, and distorted sounds when the frequencies of the audible oscillators were synchronized. Lastly, swarming behavior was investigated by implementing an audio analogy of Reynolds’ Boids model. The boids model resulted in interesting independently evolving sounds. Only the boids model showed true promise as a method of algorithmic composition. Further work could be done to expand the boids model by incorporating more parameters. Kuramoto synchronization could viably be used for sound design or incorporated into the boids model.
109

Procedural Sequencing : a New Form of Procedural Music Creation

Göran, Sandström January 2013 (has links)
With increased availability of smartphones, game consoles and computers with capabilities of synthesizing procedural music in real time comes the challenge of realizing new tools for generative music composition for games, inter-media art and musical live performance.This work defines a new method of creating music, “procedural sequencing”, and it presents a musical software that attempts to solve some of the design challenges of bridging interactive elements and more traditional tools for music composition. The software combines aspects of live coding with tracker sequencing.
110

Automated Recognition of Algorithmic Patterns in DSP Programs

Shafiee Sarvestani, Amin January 2011 (has links)
We introduce an extensible knowledge based tool for idiom (pattern) recognition in DSP(digital signal processing) programs. Our tool utilizesfunctionality provided by the Cetus compiler infrastructure fordetecting certain computation patterns that frequently occurin DSP code. We focus on recognizing patterns for for-loops andstatements in their bodies as these often are the performance criticalconstructs in DSP applications for which replacementby highly optimized, target-specific parallel algorithms will bemost profitable. For better structuring and efficiency of patternrecognition, we classify patterns by different levels of complexitysuch that patterns in higher levels are defined in terms of lowerlevel patterns.The tool works statically on the intermediate representation(IR). It traverses the abstract syntax tree IR in post-orderand applies bottom-up pattern matching, at each IR nodeutilizing information about the patterns already matched for itschildren or siblings.For better extensibility and abstraction,most of the structuralpart of recognition rules is specified in XML form to separatethe tool implementation from the pattern specifications.Information about detected patterns will later be used foroptimized code generation by local algorithm replacement e.g. for thelow-power high-throughput multicore DSP architecture ePUMA.

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