This study investigates the history of the phenomenon illiteracy and the response of the public library in selected countries for about one hundred and fifty years with particular focus on the Republic of south Africa. The influence that this manifestation has on the individual Black urban adult, the society in which the illiterate adult lives and the economy of the country are sharply focused. The principal argument is that public libraries have historically adapted their services to meet new social challenges, and in South Africa illiteracy among Black urban adults constitutes such a challenge. As an extension of its traditional educational function, the public library is beginning to meet this challenge in the role of literacy support. The reasons for the high illiteracy rate among the Black adult urban population are discussed in their historical context. As far as the methodology is concerned, extensive literature studies were undertaken on international as well as local data bases. Correspondence was entered into with overseas research institutes, academics and consultants. Interviews were conducted to ascertain the most recent developments relating to the literacy problem in a well-defined geographical region. Conclusions are made to the effect that there is a historical imperative for the South African public library system to fully discharge its responsibility to Black South Africans. In order to achieve this the public library in South Africa should re-examine, re-interpret and extend its educational function to include the challenge of the role of literacy support. It is further reconunended that the Provincial Library services in south Africa should coordinate disparate efforts and activities in this regard. The marketing of the public library has become more important in the prevailing economic climate. If the public library wishes to remain an indispensable social institution in the lives of the citizens of South Africa and specifically if it takes the role of literacy support seriously, it will of necessity have to market its services. Other organizational implications for public libraries of this new challenge of literacy support are spelled out clearly and areas requiring further research are indicated. / Information Studies / D. Litt. et Phil.

SILVA, Maria Aparecida. Trajetórias de mulheres negras líderes de movimentos sociais em Araraquara - SP: estratégias sociais na construção do modo de vida. 2011. 186f. Tese (Doutorado em Educação) - Universidade Federal do Ceará, Faculdade de Educação, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação Brasileira, Fortaleza-CE, 2011. / Submitted by Maria Josineide Góis (josineide@ufc.br) on 2012-07-27T16:17:07Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2011_Tese_MASilva.pdf: 10964142 bytes, checksum: fdea9933879d52a3680e3695b1be0c6b (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Maria Josineide Góis(josineide@ufc.br) on 2012-08-01T14:55:39Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2011_Tese_MASilva.pdf: 10964142 bytes, checksum: fdea9933879d52a3680e3695b1be0c6b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2012-08-01T14:55:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2011_Tese_MASilva.pdf: 10964142 bytes, checksum: fdea9933879d52a3680e3695b1be0c6b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / This thesis is about the experience of black women living in two different neighbourhoods of Araraquara, state of São Paulo, named Santana and Vila Xavier, who take part in the Black social movement, organizing cultural events or who attend a mainly afro-Brazilian environment. This research is qualitative and starts in the 1970s and ends 2010. Interviews were used as a methodological tool to collect the data featuring orally handed down history. Based on the interviews with 21 black women, their social environment, their insertion into the mainly afro-Brazilian community, the importance of education and schooling, and the significance of their areas of influence and action were reconstructed. The aim of this research is to verify, unveil and understand the social strategies elaborated by these women based on their experience by constructing a way of life that contributes to the strengthening of their identity, their development and performance in the Black social movement. These concerns arise as a way to broaden the comprehension of how this part of the population is perceived by a society that has defined its social roles. Roles that are in a sort of way subtly imposed and absorbed as a mean, by which social relationships are built and maintained. The approach is based on three main points of discussion: gender, ethnic-racial and black social movement. As the research is focused on women it’s inconceivable not to address the differences such as the relationship of power between sexes, and given they are black women, the ethnic-racial discussion about discrimination, particularities and singularities is possible but also the black social movement as a path to education, training and empowerment as a leader. Making them visible is to rescue them from the margins of society and to build a new history. / Esta tese versa sobre as experiências de mulheres negras participantes do movimento social negro, organizadoras de eventos culturais e ou freqüentadoras de espaço de maioria afrodescendente moradoras de dois bairros da cidade de Araraquara, interior de São Paulo, a saber: o Santana e a Vila Xavier. A investigação é qualitativa e procede a partir da década de 1970 a 2010 com o recurso metodológico da história oral tendo como ferramenta para a coleta de dados a entrevista, com depoimentos de 21 mulheres negras que resultou na reconstrução de seus espaços de sociabilidade, no envolvimento na comunidade de maioria afrodescendente, na representação da educação e da escola e no significado dos espaços de atuação em suas vidas. A finalidade é verificar, desvelar e perceber nas experiências dessas mulheres negras as estratégias sociais elaboradas na construção de modos de vida que contribuíram no fortalecimento da identidade, formação e atuação nos movimentos sociais negros. Estas preocupações surgem como uma forma de ampliar a compreensão de como esse contingente se encontra perante a sociedade que tem definido seus papéis sociais. Papéis, aliás, que acabam sendo, de alguma forma, impostos e absorvidos sutilmente como a maneira através das quais as relações sociais são mantidas. A abordagem está fundamentada em três eixos de discussões: gênero, étnicorracial e movimento social negro. Como a pesquisa é com mulheres, é inegável enfrentar as diferenças percebidas como relação de poder entre os sexos e são mulheres negras, o que possibilita a discussão étnicorracial, percebendo as discriminações, as particularidades e singularidades e também o movimento social negro na perspectiva de encaminhamento à formação e empoderamento na condição de liderança. Visibilizá-las significa tirá-las das margens que aparece na sociedade, e construir outra história.

CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento CientÃfico e TecnolÃgico / Clubes negros foram a expressÃo da sociabilidade afro-negra no meio urbanos das cidades de Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro, Santa Catarina, Rio Grande do Sul, dentre outros. Abrigaram as facetas do registro urbano brasileiro da populaÃÃo negra. A pesquisa estuda o conjunto dos clubes negros de Juiz de Fora como uma expressÃo polÃtica importante para a histÃria da populaÃÃo negra da cidade. AtravÃs deles realizaram-se ideias de inserÃÃo destas populaÃÃes nas dinÃmicas sociais da cidade. A cidade formal processa o racismo institucional na sua produÃÃo. Racismo interpretado como um processo de dominaÃÃo entre grupos sociais e com as imposiÃÃes contrÃrias Ãs necessidades da populaÃÃo negra de inclusÃo social. Pensamos que a dimensÃo do lazer dos bailes e festas exigiu um projeto de resistÃncia coletiva e de uma forma de inserÃÃo social das populaÃÃes negras. A pesquisa utiliza Metodologia da AfrodescendÃncia no seu desenvolvimento, traduzindo o sujeito pesquisar como o sujeito pesquisado. Utiliza dos instrumentos da histÃria oral e documental. O trabalho traz a formaÃÃo da cidade de Juiz de Fora, a constituiÃÃo e transformaÃÃo dos bairros negros. Discute a amplitude e a importÃncia desses clubes para a populaÃÃo negra. Traduz a inscriÃÃo da populaÃÃo negra na histÃria urbana / Black people clubs were an expression of african-black urban sociability in the cities of states of Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul, sheltered facets of Brazilian urban record of the black population. The research studies the set of black clubs of city of Juiz de For a as an important political expression to the history of the black population. Through them were held ideals of inclusion of these populations in the social dynamics of the city. The formal city processes the institutional racism in its production. Racism interpreted as a process of domination between social groups and the impositions contrary to the needs of the black population of social justice. We believe that the size of leisure of balls and parties there was a collective resistance project and a form of social inclusion. The research employs the methodology and the subject as life experience. This research work uses the tools of oral and documentary history. The work brings the formation of the city of Juiz de For a, the constitution and transformation of black neighborhoods. Discusses the breadth and importance of these clubs to the black population. Translates the inscription of the black population in urban history