The bluetooth technology encompasses a simple low-cost, low-power, global radio system for integration into mobile devices to solve a simple problem: replace the cables used on mobile devices with radio frequency waves. Such devices can form a quick ad-hoc secure "piconet" and communicate among the connected devices. While WLANs had good ad-hoc networking capabilities, there was no clear market standard among them. Moreover, there were no global standards that can be integrated and implemented into small handheld devices. Some market analysts predict that there will be some 1.4 billion Bluetooth devices in operation by the year 2005 [1]. That is the reason we replace the cable from the "Network Adapter" with a low-cost RF link that we now call Bluetooth. However, the current specification1.1 [2][3] does not describe the algorithms or mechanisms to create a scatternet due to a variety of unsolved issues. Since the upper layers are not defined in Bluetooth, it is not possible to implement scatternet in current specification. Hence in this research, we need make some modifications to Bluetooth protocol in order to support the transmissions of packets in scatternet. In this paper we describe a novel scatternet architecture, and present link performance results of the proposed architecture.

Research in the field of travel time measurement using Bluetooth technology has been an area of great interest in recent years as transportation professionals strive to increase the cost-effectiveness, accuracy, anonymity, and safety of travel time data collection methods. Commonly used travel time data collection methods include the use of inductive loops, video cameras, and probe vehicles. However, Bluetooth, a globally accepted wireless technology, serves as the medium being utilized by more and more transportation consultants, public agencies, and academics in the collection of travel time data. This study seeks to develop a methodology for measuring travel times on arterial roads using Bluetooth technology. A literature review of general travel time methods and Bluetooth travel time methods was conducted to provide the context for a Bluetooth field deployment development and implementation. The study presents the deployment plan and data analysis of a case study conducted on Spring Street in Atlanta, Georgia. Variable heights, Bluetooth to Bluetooth interference, and detection of Bluetooth devices in probe vehicles are investigated and recommendations are suggested for future Bluetooth travel time studies.

<p>In this Master Thesis the possibility of connecting standard products wirelessly to MOST, a multimedia network for vehicles, is investigated. The wireless technique analysed is Bluetooth. The report theoretically describes how MOST could be integrated with Bluetooth via a gateway. Future scenarios that are made possible by this gateway are also described. The solution describes how a connection could be established and how the synchronous audio is transferred from a Bluetooth sound source to the MOST network.</p> / <p>I detta examensarbete studeras möjligheten att ansluta standardprodukter trådlöst till MOST, ett multimedianätverk för fordon. Den trådlösa tekniken som analyseras är Bluetooth. Rapporten beskriver teoretiskt hur MOST ska integreras med Bluetooth via en gateway och tar även upp olika framtida scenarier som möjliggörs med hjälp av denna gateway. Lösningen beskriver hur en förbindelse kan upprättas och ljuddata överföras från en ljudkälla till MOST-nätet med hjälp av Bluetooth-teknik. </p>

Šis darbas analizuoja LEGO Mindsorms NXT 1.0 roboto konstrukciją bei jo nuotolinio valdymo galimybes. Robotas gali būti valdomas per Bluetooth bevielį ryšį, taigi valdymui bus naudojamas išmanusis telofonas su Android operacine sistema. Telefonas suteikia daug valdymo galimybių, tokių kaip liečiamas ekranas, kelių programų vykdymas vienu metu ir Bluetooth bevielis ryšys. Valdymo programa parašyta Java programavimo kalba. Ji leis valdyti visus tris roboto varikliukus (du iš jų naudojami roboto judėjimui, o trečias mechaninei rankai valdyti). Robotas turi keturis aplinkos jutiklius: lietimo, garso, šviesos ir atstumo. Sukurta programa leis gauti jutiklių duomnenis ir atvaizduoti juos ekrane: mygtuko būseną, garsą decibelais, šviesumą procentais ir atstumą centimetrais. Trečioji programos funkcija leis vykdyti programas, kurios įrašytos robote. / This work analyses LEGO Mindsorms NXT 1.0 robot construction and remote controlling possibilities. The robot can be controlled via Bluetooth wireless connection therefore we use smart phone with Android operating system as controlling device. It gives wide range of controlling opportunities including touch screen, multitasking and Bluetooth wireless connection. The controlling software is written in Java programming language. It allows controlling all tree servomotors (two of them will be uses for moving the robot and the third one “hand” actions). Robot has four environment sensors: touch, sound, light and distance. Created Android application allows reading data from it and to display it on screen: touch as action, sound in dB, light intensity in %, and distance in cm. The third function of created software is ability to run preinstalled programs within the robot.

Submitted by RONALDO DOS SANTOS PEREIRA null (ronaldomestre05@gmail.com) on 2016-04-18T19:09:33Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação corrigida.pdf: 3055051 bytes, checksum: ca3a2c4e33ce3790df73fcc6eb34cff5 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Felipe Augusto Arakaki (arakaki@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2016-04-19T16:58:20Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 pereira_rs_me_ilha.pdf: 3055051 bytes, checksum: ca3a2c4e33ce3790df73fcc6eb34cff5 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-19T16:58:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 pereira_rs_me_ilha.pdf: 3055051 bytes, checksum: ca3a2c4e33ce3790df73fcc6eb34cff5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-04-05 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Os dispositivos móveis portáteis vêm ganhando mercado e se consolidando como uma das ferramentas mais utilizadas no cotidiano, corporativo ou convencional, dados os investimentos das grandes empresas de telefonia móvel, rede de comunicação, empresas de software, hardware, entre outras. Diante desse quadro, o presente trabalho abordou a tecnologia móvel em sua evolução, observando como os celulares se transformaram em smartphones capazes de gerenciar quase tudo da palma da mão, em razão de sistemas operacionais próprios, sofisticados e com plataformas específicas para desenvolvimento de aplicativos. Tal constatação direcionou esse estudo para o desenvolvimento do aplicativo AppAquisBluet, o qual utilizou a plataforma de desenvolvimento Android, que detêm 75% do mercado móvel, liderada pela Google e seus aliados. Além disso, trata-se de uma plataforma moderna, flexível e open source, possuidora de ótima relação custo/benefício, quando comparada a outras plataformas, ou seja, ideal para a implementação do aplicativo AppAquisBluet. Nesse sentido, foram utilizados os métodos e técnicas destinados à plataforma Android, desde a SDK (Software Development Kit), linguagem de programação Java, API bluetooth, bibliotecas de terceiros como a GraphView, utilizada nas implementações gráficas do projeto, sem contar com o eficiente banco de dados SQLite destinado a aplicações móveis. Como produto resultante, apresentou-se o aplicativo AppAquisBluet e suas funcionalidades básicas, com a função de realizar aquisições de dados em tempo real, haja vista que esses dados podem ser apresentados em arquivo de texto ou graficamente e armazenados em banco de dados para futuras análises. Para tal aquisição, utilizou-se o hardware condicionador de sinal via bluetooth desenvolvido para converter o sinal analógico, captado pelo circuito da ponte de Weatstone, para digital e transmitido ao aplicativo AppAquisBluet, usando a comunicação bluetooth, plotando os dados no visor do aplicativo, além de exportar para a memória de armazenamento do smartphone como arquivo de texto para serem tratados, utilizando o software Excel. / The handheld mobile devices are gaining market and consolidating its position as one of the tools most commonly used in daily life of corporations or common users. It is due to investments of the mobile companies, networking companies, software and hardware companies and so on. This work addressed the evolution of mobile technology. We observed how mobile phones have turned into smartphones able to manage almost everything by our hands. Of course, because of sophisticated operational systems and specific platforms for development of applications. The aim of this study was directed to the development of AppAquisBluet application. It used the Android development platform that holds 75% of the mobile market by Google and its allies. Further, it is a modern platform, flexible, open source, an excellent cost and benefit compared to other platforms. That is why it is perfect for the implementation of the AppAquisBluet application. Accordingly, the methods and techniques used in its construction were the same of the Android platform, including the SDK (Software Development Kit), the Java programming language, the Bluetooth API, third-party libraries like GraphView, used in the graphic implementation of the project, and the efficient SQLite database designed for mobile applications. The resulting product was the AppAquisBluet application and its basic features, including the function of performing data acquisition in real time. The data can be coded in a text file or graphically and stored in a database for future analysis. For this acquisition, we used the signal conditioner hardware via Bluetooth. It was developed to convert to digital signal the analog signal received by Weatstone Bridge and then the digital signal could be transmitted to the AppAquisBluet application, using Bluetooth communication by plotting the data in the application display, and exporting to the smartphone storage memory as a text file that can be treated using the Excel software.

abstract: The Internet of Things has conjured up a storm in the technology world by providing novel methods to connect, exchange, aggregate, and monitor data across a system of inter-related devices and entities. Of the myriad technologies that aid in the functioning of these IoT devices, Bluetooth Low Energy also known as BLE plays a major role in establishing inter-connectivity amongst these devices. This thesis aims to provide a background on BLE, the type of attacks that could occur in an IoT setting, the possible defenses that are available to prevent the occurrence of such attacks, and a discussion on the research trends that hold great promise in presenting seamless solutions to integrate IoT devices across different industry verticals. / Dissertation/Thesis / Masters Thesis Computer Science 2017

Orientador: Luis Carlos Origa de Oliveira / Resumo: Os dispositivos móveis portáteis vêm ganhando mercado e se consolidando como uma das ferramentas mais utilizadas no cotidiano, corporativo ou convencional, dados os investimentos das grandes empresas de telefonia móvel, rede de comunicação, empresas de software, hardware, entre outras. Diante desse quadro, o presente trabalho abordou a tecnologia móvel em sua evolução, observando como os celulares se transformaram em smartphones capazes de gerenciar quase tudo da palma da mão, em razão de sistemas operacionais próprios, sofisticados e com plataformas específicas para desenvolvimento de aplicativos. Tal constatação direcionou esse estudo para o desenvolvimento do aplicativo AppAquisBluet, o qual utilizou a plataforma de desenvolvimento Android, que detêm 75% do mercado móvel, liderada pela Google e seus aliados. Além disso, trata-se de uma plataforma moderna, flexível e open source, possuidora de ótima relação custo/benefício, quando comparada a outras plataformas, ou seja, ideal para a implementação do aplicativo AppAquisBluet. Nesse sentido, foram utilizados os métodos e técnicas destinados à plataforma Android, desde a SDK (Software Development Kit), linguagem de programação Java, API bluetooth, bibliotecas de terceiros como a GraphView, utilizada nas implementações gráficas do projeto, sem contar com o eficiente banco de dados SQLite destinado a aplicações móveis. Como produto resultante, apresentou-se o aplicativo AppAquisBluet e suas funcionalidades básicas, com a função... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The handheld mobile devices are gaining market and consolidating its position as one of the tools most commonly used in daily life of corporations or common users. It is due to investments of the mobile companies, networking companies, software and hardware companies and so on. This work addressed the evolution of mobile technology. We observed how mobile phones have turned into smartphones able to manage almost everything by our hands. Of course, because of sophisticated operational systems and specific platforms for development of applications. The aim of this study was directed to the development of AppAquisBluet application. It used the Android development platform that holds 75% of the mobile market by Google and its allies. Further, it is a modern platform, flexible, open source, an excellent cost and benefit compared to other platforms. That is why it is perfect for the implementation of the AppAquisBluet application. Accordingly, the methods and techniques used in its construction were the same of the Android platform, including the SDK (Software Development Kit), the Java programming language, the Bluetooth API, third-party libraries like GraphView, used in the graphic implementation of the project, and the efficient SQLite database designed for mobile applications. The resulting product was the AppAquisBluet application and its basic features, including the function of performing data acquisition in real time. The data can be coded in a text file or graphically and ... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

I denna rapport undersöks säkerheten i de inbyggda systemen i ett fordon. Är CAN-bussen och enheterna som kommunicerar med den verkligen säkra? Vilka svagheter finns det inom säkerheten när ny teknik implementeras i fordon och ansluts till CAN-bussen?Om ett fordon blir angripet så är riskerna att angriparen lyckas med attacken ganska stora. Speciellt så finns det flera risker och säkerhetshål med ny teknik t.ex. inbyggda mediasystem i fordon.Vi har forskat i hur lätt det är att hämta information ur fordonet, samt vad som kan göras med denna information, detta med hjälp av både andra vetenskapliga rapporter samt en fysisk undersökning med hjälp av en applikation som utvecklades.Genom avläsning med hjälp av Bluetooth från OBD2 kontakten så kan information såsom signaler för att låsa upp fordonet eller trycka på gasen läsas av från fordonet. Viss information är dold för den normala användaren, såsom ett tryck på gaspedalen. Denna information måste erhållas genom exempelvis avläsning av dolda paket. Detta kan göras genom att spåra paket med hjälp av diverse program, t.ex. Wireshark. Hade denna information varit enkel att tillgå så kan den användas på ett skadligt sätt. Skulle exempelvis kommandot för att trycka på gasen kunna styras trådlöst så skulle detta kunna skapa stora och farliga problem. Detta är något som undersöks i rapporten, hur man kan gå tillväga och vilka sätt ett fordon kan angripas på.En applikation utvecklades för att undersöka vilken information som kan relativt enkelt extraheras. Parametrar som t.ex. hastighet eller varvtal på motorn är exempel på denna information. Med hjälp av en OBD2 enhet så kommunicerar applikationen med fordonet. Applikationen hämtar ut informationen om en bilresa från start till stopp för att sedan kunna redovisa denna information. Information visas till användaren i applikationen både under tiden fordonet färdas och sedan en sammanfattning av hela resan. Applikationen kan användas för att spara sina resor om man till exempel vill redovisa tjänsteresor för sin arbetsgivare. Resorna sparas både i databas och lokalt på din telefon med möjlighet för uppladdning till en webbserver eller liknande.iiApplikationen sparar all information du valt om din resa och kan även skräddarsys med mer eller mindre parametrar beroende på behov.Den har även ett användningsområde för att övervaka sitt körande, om man till exempel någon gång under resans gång uppnår onormala värden, som t.ex. alldeles för höga varvtal eller liknande. / In this report, the security in integrated systems within vehicles is evaluated. Is the CAN bus and the devices that communicate with it secure? What are the weaknesses in security when modern technologies are implemented in vehicles and connected to the CAN bus?If a vehicle is attacked, the risk of the attacker's success with the attack is quite large. There are several risks and security holes with modern technology, for example. built-in media system in vehicles.We have researched how easy it is to retrieve information from the vehicle and what can be done with this information, using both other scientific reports and a physical examination using an application that were developed.By reading using Bluetooth from the OBD2 connector, information such as signals to unlock the vehicle or press the gas pedal can be read from the vehicle. Certain information is hidden for the normal user, such as a press of the gas pedal. This information must be obtained by for example, reading hidden packages. This can be done by tracing packages through various applications, such as Wireshark. Had this information been easy to access, it could be used in a malicious way. Should the command to press the gas be controlled wirelessly, this could create major and dangerous problems. This is something that is being investigated in the report, how to proceed and what ways a vehicle can be attacked.An application was developed to investigate what information that can be relatively easily extracted. Parameters such as speed or rounds per minute on the engine are examples of this information. Using an OBD2 device, the application communicates with the vehicle. The application retrieves information about a trip from start to stop and then it’s able to report this information. Information is displayed to the user in the application both while the vehicle is traveling and then a summary of the entire trip. The application can be used to save one’s journey, if for example, you want to report your trips to your employer. The trips are stored both in a database and locally on your phone with the possibility of uploading to a web server.ivThe application saves all information you selected about your trip and can also be customized with parameters depending on your needs. It also has a field of use for monitoring your driving, for example if you at some time during the trip reach abnormal values, such as far too high rounds per minute or something similar.

Submitted by Fabio Sobreira Campos da Costa (fabio.sobreira@ufpe.br) on 2017-07-12T13:37:34Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 (MD5) Master_Dissertation___Performance_Measurements_and_Analysis_of_Bluetooth_Low_Energy (8).pdf: 8669109 bytes, checksum: cb0af886f0cdc7babced229049a33535 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-12T13:37:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 (MD5) Master_Dissertation___Performance_Measurements_and_Analysis_of_Bluetooth_Low_Energy (8).pdf: 8669109 bytes, checksum: cb0af886f0cdc7babced229049a33535 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-05-17 / The Internet of Things (IoT) paradigm has been rapidly gaining ground in the academic and industry communities as one of the most important emerging technologies. Some wireless communication technologies such as Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) have been pointed as key technologies that will drive IoT applications. In order to leverage the BLE technology in IoT applications and identify the niche of applications this technology is more suitable, it is essential we have a deep understanding regarding some features such as link capacity, data transfer delay, connection establishment latency, and power consumption. This work evaluates the networking capabilities from BLE in scenarios of data transfer and connection establishment. The metrics maximum throughput, one-way delay, round-trip time, and connection establishment latency are evaluated through experimental measurements and we investigate how some factors (e.g. connection interval, pairing, packet size) impact on these metrics. Finally, this work proposes analytical models for the metrics investigated. / O paradigma da Internet das Coisas (Internet of Things - IoT) tem recebido grande destaque tanto das comunidades científicas como da indústria nos últimos anos. Algumas tecnologias de comunicação sem fio como Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) tem sido apontadas como tecnologias que terão um papel fundamental na concepção de aplicativos de IoT. Um entendimento profundo de algumas características da tecnologia, como vazão e atraso na transmissão de dados, latência no estabelecimento de conexão e consumo de energia, é essencial para explorar ao máximo a tecnologia em cenários de IoT e identificar o nicho de aplicação onde esta tecnologia é mais aplicável. Este trabalho apresenta uma avaliação de desempenho da tecnologia BLE em cenários de transmissão de dados e estabelecimento de conexão. As métricas vazão máxima, atraso fim-a-fim, atraso ida-e-volta (Round-Trip Time - RTT) e latência de estabelecimento de conexão são avaliadas através de experimentos. Este trabalho também investiga como alguns fatores, como intervalo de conexão, encriptação de link e tamanho de pacote, impactam nas métricas avaliadas. Por fim, este trabalho apresenta modelos analíticos para as métricas investigadas.

This thesis explains structure of skeletal muscles, generation of action potencial and principle of muscle contraction. Further it shows types of electromyographic signal recording and its usage in therapy. Technical aspects of EMG signal and components required for electromyograph assemblage are next topic of this thesis. Another part presents design of simple EMG module for therapeutical application with bluetooth 4.0 interface.