The purpose of this study was to explore the utilization of specialized camp services among parents of a child with a disability. This study sought to investigate specialized camp services as respite for families. The data was gathered utilizing a mixed method survey approach. The surveys were distributed to primary caregivers of a child with a disability who have attended Camp Paivika within the past three years. The sample size of this study was 69 respondents. The results show that the family unit benefits by way of de-isolation. The camper increases social skills, confidence, and independence. The caregivers experience emotional stress relief along with an increased ability to connect with other family members. The siblings of the child with a disability experience a relief of responsibilities associated with having a sibling with a disability as well as an ability to partake in family activities they may not otherwise be able to do. In conclusion, this research indicates positive familial benefits to out-of-home recreational respite services, such as a specialized camp services. Future research on the benefits will give the field of social work greater insight into the importance of out-of-home recreational respite.

In 1985 a settlement and subsistence model of seasonal round mobility was proposed by Statistical Research, Inc. This model proposed four travel routes used by the Late Prehistoric Serrano to access the higher elevation village site known as Rock Camp to gather acorns and pinyon nuts in the fall. This research investigates the proposed routes, as well as an additional route, for energy efficiency and archaeological evidence of use in prehistory. Data collection involved using experimental methods designed to gather controlled physiological data for evaluating the efficiency of traveling each route. Archaeological sites present on the travel routes and within the research area and were analyzed for elements indicative of prehistoric settlement characteristics. A combination of physiological evidence and archaeological evidence are the basis for determinations on which routes were most likely to have been used in prehistory. An analysis of the settlement model is also provided in order to provide future research with guidelines and context for evaluating sites within the region. Suggestions are provided for future studies to focus on chronology and expansion of the settlement model.

The object of this research is to develop a travel demand model. The model predicts outdoor recreational travel of urban recreationists for camping. The development of this model is structured by a set of methodological criteria. These criteria relate to destination choice behavior in the context of recreation travel, and analytical structures of travel demand, in addition to the criterion of model performance. The thrust of this research is to define and evaluate a destination choice function with respect to recreational travel.

The effectiveness of an eight-week nutrition and physical activity intervention at a summer camp to prevent obesity, and promote healthy eating habits and physical activity among children in Kuwait was studied. Two summer camps were recruited for intervention and comparison groups. Convenient sampling was used (N= 79). Pre-test/post-test assessment were used for the participants in the intervention and comparison groups. Modified Healthy Habits Survey (HHS) was used to measure children’s knowledge, behavior and attitude about nutrition, screen time and physical activities, BMI-for age percentile were collected. Statistical analysis included independent t-test, paired t-test, chi-squared test, McNemar's test, and multiple regression. Results indicated that there was a significant increase in nutrition knowledge score (Pp= 0.013, p = 0.007, p = 0.002, and p = 0.012, respectively). There was no significant decrease in the number of servings of unhealthy foods for french-fries and chips, fruit flavored drinks or soft drinks. The only significant decrease in the unhealthy food intake was seen in the number of servings of sweets and candies. Thirty-three-point-three percent of participants in the intervention group decreased their consumption of sweets and candies to 1 time or less per day (P=0.001). There was a significant increase in the intervention group in both physical activity and screen time knowledge (Pp

Over the years, a number of quantitative studies have attempted and failed to capture the positive psychological growth that comes from participation in outdoor adventure education, as well as the precise source of that growth. The logical conclusion from this is either that such growth is an illusion, such growth can’t be measured, or that the studies were in some way methodologically flawed. The present study takes an intensive ethnographic/autoethnographic approach to study the progress of six teenage boys in a bifurcated eight-week summer camp program evenly divided between adventure travel and apprenticeship as staff to younger children. The study set out to find out what antecedent factors predicated the development of resilience and self-efficacy, with a particular focus on the culture of the camp as a whole and the expectations placed on staff conduct; the developmental trajectory of the individual; the individual’s past experience with adversity; the individual’s self-concept both at a given point of observation and over time; the group dynamic of the CIT cohort; the mentorship of older staff; the formal training as a counselor; and the expectations of a caregiver role. In addition to clear measures of self-efficacy, and, in some cases, resilience, the study also revealed generalized positive psychological growth as a result of a healthy, value-setting group dynamic. Of particular interest was the development of the study itself, with its reflective interviews and focus groups focused on positive adaptation to challenges, as an additional antecedent factor. / acase@tulane.edu

The purpose of this study was to investigate child rearing in a Palestinian refugee camp and the values affecting these patterns . The areas investigated were: independence, dependency, aggression, methods of control, sex role training, mother-child interaction, maternal role, maternal expectations of the child in the present time and the future, and the role of the father as perceived by the mother. An interview was undertaken in October, 1974 at the Al Hussein refugee camp in Amman, Jordan with forty Palestinian in-camp refugee mothers. Since the review of literature did not contain specific references in the psychology, or sociology of either the personality development, or child rearing patterns of the Palestinian refugee, the findings of the study were relevant. Overall, the refugee mothers were imitating the traditional culture in their child-rearing values and methods and expected their children to do the same. In spite of their rootlessness, they did not abandon their rural heritage. Sex role differentiation was the most outstanding finding of the study. It prevailed in all areas investigated. The differences in sex role training at the age of three-and-one-half to four-and-one-half years were already established. The findings also indicated that the mothers were the main power in childrearing, and that they all used methods of control and punishment rather than training as methods for achieving their goals. Another finding points to the street culture as a source of values for the growing male child. It is believed that the specific findings de scribing the childrearing practices have some important implications for the description of present, and the projection of future. personality and values of the Palestinian in-camp residents. As a result, intrapersonal relationships of Palestinian families and their internal power structure could be described. Some of these findings and recommendations are also of value for further study and research of the Palestinian and Arab culture throughout the Arab World.

Suburban encroachment is a growing concern for many National Guard training installations. The Ethan Allen. Firing Range and Camp Johnson, Vermont, are either experiencing or are completely enclosed by urban encroachment. The objective of this study was to analyze the trends of suburban growth within Chittenden County, Vermont, to evaluate growth and explore future training site viability of the Ethan Allen Firing Range and Camp Johnson. This study focused on historical data, recent real estate transactions, population projections, and county plans for growth. Using historical and contemporary data, I developed a predictive model of suburban encroachment on Camp Johnson and the Ethan Allen firing Range facilities by residential and commercial development. This model may assist land managers make decisions and illustrate the viability of these installations as National Guard training sites. This model may also be applied to other installations with similar concerns.

During his time of service in the Italian Army in World War I, Ernest Hemingway was injured. He received a non-life-threatening wound and was forever changed. In his article, "Ernest Hemingway: The Life as Fiction and the Fiction as Life," Jackson J. Benson proposes the idea of Hemingway's "wounding what if?" that follows this course of thought: "What if I were wounded and made crazy?, what would happen if I were sent back to the front? I was only wounded in an accident, what do the really brave ones think of me? (351)" Shortly following the war, Hemingway was wounded a second time, this of an emotional nature. A British nurse whom he had fallen in love with broke his heart by downplaying the relationship they had shared and his emotions for her. These two young experiences seem to have impacted Hemingway's writing a great deal, leading him to color his wounded male characters as feminized. "From Wounded to Woman" is an exploration of a variety of Hemingway's wounded male characters that attempts a connection between their having incurred these wounds and becoming feminizied. There is a direct line of logic-of-assertion followed from Hemingway's most popular character, Jake Barnes, through to some of his lesser-known short story stars that traces a path of consistent wounding and subsequent feminization. In the more narrow literary world, Ernest Hemingway has been known as a masculine author whose tales are of war and suffering. It is my goal to explore the feminine aspects of Hemingway's work through his self-critiques expressed through his leading male characters.

Este artículo aborda la subtitulación en castellano del programa de televisión de realidad RuPaul’s Drag Race (RPDR) mediante un análi-sis porcentual de la presencia de rasgos microtextuales relativos al camp y la manera en que estos fueron traducidos en las versiones publicadas en Netflix y en el grupo de Facebook RPDR Venezuela. El artículo inicia con una elaboración sobre el camp (una sensibilidad estética comúnmente asociada con la identidad gay y difundida en espacios anglófonos) y el camp talk como categorías de estudio para la traductología. Más adelante se presentan los resultados del análisis de los subtítulos de dos episodios del programa de televisión. Finalmente, la discusión sobre los resultados alcances sobre el papel de la traducción en los procesos de aculturación relacionados al camp, así como sobre las nuevas funciones sociales de la subtitulación. / This article addresses Spanish subtitling for the reality television show RuPaul’s Drag Race (RPDR), which has been aired in the United States since 2009, analyzing the presence of specific microtextual features of camp (an aesthetic sensibility present in English-speaking spaces that is generally associated with homosexual identity) and of the manner in which these features have been translated into the Spanish subtitled versions found on Netflix and produced by the Facebook group RuPaul’s Drag Race Venezuela. The article begins with a description of the importance of researching camp talk in the context of Translation Studies and continues with an analysis of subtitles from two of the show’s episodes. Finally, results are discussed concerning the scope of translation’s role in camp-related acculturation processes, and new social functions for subtitling are considered. / Revisión pór pares

Receptor tyrosine kinases such as ErbB2 contribute greatly to human malignant transformation, but the role that other receptors such as ß2 adrenergic receptor (B2 AR)play in cancer is ill defined. Furthermore, while some GTPases such as Ras and RhoA promote oncogenesis, RhoB has been suggested to have tumor suppressive activity. In this thesis the tumor suppressive activity of ß2 adrenergic receptors through blockade of the Ras/Raf/Mek/Erk pathway is demonstrated. Furthermore, this thesis provides strong evidence in support of a tumor suppressive activity of RhoB, but not RhoA, in delaying EbB2 mammary oncogenesis in a transgenic mouse model. Chapter 1 describes a chemical biology approach that identifies a beta 2 adrenergic receptor agonist, ARA-211 (also known as pirbuterol) that suppresses the growth of cultured cells and of human tumors grown in nude mice by a mechanism involving stimulation of the ß2 AR, cAMP production and activation of PKA, which in turn leads to the inactivation of C-Raf, Mek1/2 and Erk1/2. Chapter 2 describes the translation of these findings by ex-vivo treatment of fresh human tumor biopsies, with the ultimate goal of validating this novel therapeutic approach. Chapter 3 describes the generation of transgenic mice that over express ErbB2 along with either RhoB or RhoA to determine the effects of these two small GTPases on ErbB2-mediated mammary tumorigenesis. The findings indicate that overexpression of RhoB, but not RhoA, results in decreased multiplicity and delay in the tumor onset mediated by ErbB2 overexpression. In summary, this thesis work resulted in the discovery of how crosstalk between the ß2 AR/cAMP/PKA circuit with the Raf/Mek/Erk1/2 cascade leads to tumor suppression; and the discovery of the suppression of ErbB2-mediated breast cancer by the GTPase RhoB.