No processo de beneficiamento da vermiculita é gerado um resíduo fino para o qual atualmente ainda não foi desenvolvida uma aplicação que possibilite a utilização em larga escala. Uma alternativa que vem sendo estudada é a associação com cimento Portland em composições de argamassas e concretos, em função da composição química do resíduo: elevada quantidade de alumínio, silício e magnésio, que podem apresentar interações com o ligante. No entanto, em função da elevada área superficial específica, em comparação ao cimento, sua utilização nas composições pode afetar a demanda de água de amassamento e limitar a sua aplicação. Para tanto, uma alternativa é a calcinação deste resíduo fino, assim como é realizado para outras argilas (caulim, por exemplo), para que a área superficial específica (ASE) seja menor e eventualmente ative propriedades pozolânicas na respectiva argila. Deste modo, neste trabalho foram avaliadas as diversas características de pastas cimentícias após adição de resíduo fino de vermiculita: reação química, formação dos produtos hidratados, propriedades reológicas, tanto após a mistura como ao longo da hidratação. Foi verificado que de forma geral a reação química não é afetada após a adição de vermiculita, embora a formação de aluminatos seja intensificada na composição com maior quantidade de resíduo in natura. Com relação ao seu comportamento no estado fresco, foi observado que a maior ASE do resíduo impacta fortemente as propriedades reológicas das pastas, embora que com um teor de 5% as mudanças sejam menores. Utilizando-se dessas mesmas composições para a avaliação do desempenho no estado endurecido de argamassas, foi verificado que não há efeito sobre essas propriedades até 5% de substituição, independentemente do tratamento térmico empregado. Assim, considerando aspectos econômicos de transporte assim como os custos decorrentes da calcinação, pode-se recomendar a adição de 5% de vermiculita in natura sem comprometer o desempenho dos produtos, embora não se possa precisar com os dados obtidos a sua durabilidade ao longo do uso. / In the process to obtaining vermiculite a fine residue is generated, which does not yet have a large-scale application. An alternative that has been studied is the association with Portland cement in mortar and concrete formulations, as a function of the chemical composition of the residue: high amount of aluminium, silicon and magnesium which may have interactions with the binder. However, the residue has a high specific surface area, in comparison to cement, a fact that can increase the water-demand to mix and limit its application. For this, an alternative is the calcination of this fine residue, as it is done for other clays (kaolin, for example), so that the specific surface area (SSA) is smaller and eventually activates pozzolanic properties in the respective clay. Thus, in this work the various characteristics of cement pastes after addition of vermiculite fine residue were evaluated: chemical reaction, formation of the hydrated products, rheological properties, both after mixing and along the hydration. It was verified that in general the chemical reaction is not affected after the addition of vermiculite, although the formation of aluminates is intensified in the composition with greater amount of in nature residue. Regarding its behaviour in the fresh state, it was observed that the higher SSA of the residue strongly impacts the rheological properties of the pastes, although with a 5% content the changes are minimal. Using these same compositions to evaluate the performance in the hardened state of mortars, it was verified that there is no effect on these properties up to 5% of substitution, regardless of the thermal treatment used. Thus, considering the economic aspects of transport as well as the costs of calcination, it is possible to recommend the addition of 5% of vermiculite in nature without compromising the performance of the products, although it is not possible to determine the its durability during the use.

O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a dureza Knoop de cimentos de ionômero de vidro indicados para o Tratamento Restaurador Atraumático (TRA) – G1: Ketac TM Molar; G2: Ketac TM Molar Easy Mix (3M ESPE) e G3: Magic Glass ® (Vigodent), assim como três diferentes técnicas de inserção, apenas com o Ketac TM Molar Easy Mix (3M ESPE), configurando os grupos: G4: inserção com espátula; G5: seringa comercial (Centrix ® ) e G6: seringa de baixo custo (Injex ® insulina – 1ml, acoplada a agulha BD 1,60 X 40). Os materiais foram dosados e manipulados de acordo com as instruções dos fabricantes, sendo realizados dez corpos de prova para cada grupo, em moldes de PVC, e após 10 minutos imersos em solução oleosa (Parafina líquida, Merck), a 37ºC, por 24 horas. As superfícies foram polidas com lixa de granulação 1200 (Buheler), em máquina politriz. O teste de dureza foi realizado em durômetro HM-124 (Mitutoyo, Japan), com 25 g de carga e 30 s, com penetrador tipo Knoop. Em cada amostra foram realizadas 5 indentações e repetidas após 1 e 2 semanas, mantidas nas mesmas condições. As médias da dureza Knoop (e desvio-padrão) foram: G1 – 93,8 (28,9); G2 – 92,0 (22,3); G3 – 55,2 (21,4); G4 – 92,0 (22,2); G5 – 96,0 (33,9) e G6 – 81,92 (34,3). Houve diferença estatística em relação ao G3 (Análise de Variância e teste de Tukey, com p < 0,01), sem diferença entre G1 e G2. Não houve diferença estatística entre os diferentes meios de inserção (Análise de Variância, p > 0,05). A média de dureza após 1 e 2 semanas foi maior em todos os grupos quando comparada às 24 horas (Análise de Variância, teste de Tukey, p <0,01), e não houve diferença estatística entre 1 e 2 semanas. O material Magic Glass ® apresentou menor média de dureza em relação aos demais, e as diferentes técnicas de inserção não influenciaram na dureza do cimento de ionômero de vidro testado. / The aim of this study was to assess the Knoop hardness of glass-ionomer cements used for Atraumatic Restorative Treatment (ART) – G1: Ketac TM Molar; G2: Ketac TM Molar Easy Mix (3M ESPE) e G3: Magic Glass ® (Vigodent), and three different ways of insertion of Ketac TM Molar Easy Mix (3M ESPE), then: G4: conventional applier;G5: commercial syringe (Centrix ® ) and G6: low cost syringe (Injex ® insulin – 1ml, with BD needle 1,60 X 40). The materials were dosed and mixed according to the manufacturer's instructions and 10 specimens of each group were prepared in PVC molds, and after 10 minutes, the specimens were stored in lubricant (Paraffin highly liquid, Merck) at 37ºC, for 24 hours. The surfaces were wet polished with 1200 grit paper (Buheler), till the excess was removed. The Knoop hardness was determined a HM-124 hardness tester (Mitutoyo, Japan), with 25 g load and 30 s dwell time, with Knoop indentator. On each specimen five indentations were made and repeated after 1 and 2 weeks while stored under the same conditions. The mean Knoop hardness (and SD) of each group were: G1 – 93,8 (28,9); G2 – 92,0 (22,3); G3 – 55,2 (21,4); G4 – 92,0 (22,2); G5 – 96,0 (33,9) and G6 – 81,92 (34,3). There was significant difference between G3 (ANOVA and Tukey test, p < 0,01), without difference between G1 and G2. There was no difference between the ways of insertion (ANOVA, p > 0,05). The hardness after one and two weeks was higher in all groups when compared to 24 hours (ANOVA, Tukey test, p < 0,01), and was no difference between one and two weeks. The glass-ionomer cement Magic Glass ® showed the lower hardness compared to the others, and the different insertion techniques had no influence on the glass-ionomer cement hardness.

A utilização de incorporadores de ar (AIA) em argamassas de revestimento é prática comum no setor de construção civil visto que podem ser obtidas vantajosas alterações nas propriedades no estado fresco e endurecido. Contudo, apesar do domínio da tecnologia e da química dos aditivos essa prática é ainda bastante empírica e seu uso tem sido apontado como um fator de complexidade operacional: a presença dos incorporadores de ar torna as composições muito sensíveis ao processamento, temperatura, tipo de cimento, transporte, etc., e essas variáveis afetam diretamente as características dos materiais no estado fresco e após o endurecimento. De fato, o desempenho desses materiais é dependente da quantidade, distribuição de bolhas e estabilidade do ar incorporado no estado fresco. Na prática, o difícil controle das propriedades dos materiais aerados é um dos fatores que têm desaconselhado a utilização desta tecnologia em diversas aplicações no setor construtivo. Assim, apesar das virtudes potenciais, a falta de controle no processamento dificulta o emprego de argamassas aeradas como tipos de materiais sustentáveis. Uma causa provável da falta de controle é que a velocidade de incorporação de ar é pouco compreendida, e a maioria dos estudos científicos são focados na avaliação do desempenho dos materiais no estado endurecido atentando-se, desta forma, para o efeito e não para a causa. A fim de preencher tal lacuna científico/tecnológica, o presente trabalho visa estudar os mecanismos e a velocidade de incorporação de ar em composições com cimento CPIIF durante o estado fresco e avaliar o seu impacto no estado endurecido. Para tanto, propôs-se uma abordagem de pesquisa inovadora na qual as propriedades das fases que compõem esses sistemas são avaliadas separadamente, determinando-se o impacto da utilização dos AIA em água, nas pastas de cimento e nas argamassas. Os resultados apontam que a quantidade efetiva de incorporador de ar e a qualidade da água afetam a capacidade espumante, que os aditivos não afetam a reação de hidratação do cimento, que a temperatura afeta as propriedades no estado fresco e endurecido das pastas, que é possível prever a porosidade resultante na argamassa a partir dos resultados observados na fase aquosa, que a distribuição granulométrica dos agregados é a variável de maior impacto nas propriedades reológicas e na permeabilidade das argamassas, propriedade intimamente ligada à durabilidade do revestimento. / The use of air-entraining agents (AEA) in rendering mortars is a common practice on the building sector because many advantages may be obtained in the fresh and hardened properties. However, in spite of the technology and chemistry of the admixtures knowhow, the air-incorporation in the cementitious materials is, still, very empirical and the use of AEA has being pointed out as a complex operational factor: its presence in the formulation gets the mortar very sensitive to the process, temperature, transport etc. and this variables can directly affect the hardened properties. In fact, the performance of these materials is very dependent of the quantity, size, distribution and stability of the air bubbles incorporated in the fresh state and in the practice, the difficult to control the aerated materials properties has dissuaded the utilization of this technique in many applications in the building sector. So, in spite of the potential virtues, the less of process control gets difficult the employment of the aerated mortars and concretes as sustainable materials. A probably cause of the air incorporation uncontrolled is that the rate of air generation in the cementitious materials is not correctly understand because the most researches are focused in the consequence and not in the cause. Thus, to try to eliminate such scientific/technology gap, this present PHD work was carried out to learn the kinetic of air incorporation in the pastes and mortar in the fresh state and evaluates the impact in the hardened state. For this, was proposed a innovative boarding where the phases that compound the systems will be research separately, determining the AEA impact on water, on the suspensions and on the mortars. The results show that the foaming capacity is influenced by the effective air-entraining admixture content and the water quality, that the cement hydration reaction was not influenced by AEA, that the temperature affects the rheological and hardened properties of suspensions, that it is possible to predict the mortar porosity from the results obtained in the water phase, that the fresh properties of mortars and it permeability (property closed related with rendering performance) were mainly affected by the aggregates granulometric distribution.

Ces travaux de recherche s’inscrivent dans le cadre des études de faisabilité du stockage du dioxyde de carbone en couches géologiques profondes, et portent plus particulièrement sur l’évolution des propriétés de confinement de roches-couvertures de type argilite, soumises à des fluides enrichis en CO2. Pour ce faire, les argilites de Tournemire (Aveyron, France) ont été utilisées comme roches analogues, après avoir identifié leurs possible points de faiblesse vis-à-vis du stockage, à savoir leur minéralogie, la présence de fissures naturelles remplies de calcite et la présence d’interfaces ciment/argilite attendues au niveau des puits d’injection rebouchés. Le montage expérimental de type « diffusion à travers » a été adapté pour permettre d’estimer (i) la possible modification des paramètres de transport diffusif enregistrés, avant et après attaque acide, pour les différents traceurs radioactifs (tritium et chlore-36) et non-radioactifs (deutérium et bromure) utilisés pour caractériser les échantillons d’argilite de Tournemire et de pâte de ciment et (ii) l’évolution des compositions chimiques des solutions contenues dans les réservoirs amont et aval des cellules de diffusion au cours des attaques acides. Enfin, l’analyse des solides a été réalisée pour partie par MEB-EDS, µTomographie-X et DRX. Tout d’abord, pour l’ensemble des échantillons étudiés, les valeurs des paramètres de transport déterminées avant attaque acide (coefficient de diffusion effectif et porosité) sont cohérentes avec celles de la littérature. En outre, il apparaît que tous les matériaux ont fortement réagi aux attaques acides. Ainsi, les argilites ont vu leurs paramètres de diffusion augmenter jusqu’à un facteur deux, notamment pour les traceurs anioniques, et ce, quelque soit la proportion de minéraux carbonatées présents initialement dans les échantillons d’argilite. Les observations post-mortem ont permis l’identification d’une zone de dissolution des minéraux carbonatés en leur au sein, mais dont l’extension (400 µm au maximum) ne peut à elle seule expliquer cette importante dégradation des propriétés de confinement. Seuls des phénomènes non observables à l’échelle d’investigation, tels des effets de digitation au sein du réseau poreux pourraient en être à l’origine. Par ailleurs, les échantillons d’argilites recoupés par des fissures naturelles ont systématiquement développé des courts-circuits hydrauliques, qui s’expliquent par la mise en place d’un processus de chenalisation préférentielle au sein même de la fissure, observé au MEB-EDS et par µTomographie X. De plus, les matériaux cimentaires ont vu leurs propriétés de confinement améliorées, et ce, plus le fluide d’attaque était proche de la neutralité. Ceci est lié à l’apparition d‘une croûte de calcite d’environ 30 µm d’épaisseur, situé à l’avant d’une zone de dissolution, dont l’épaisseur est proportionnelle à la quantité d’acide en solution. Cette croûte imperméable, obstruant la porosité, serait responsable de la diminution des paramètres de diffusion, observée à l’échelle de l’échantillon, ainsi que le reproduisent les simulations numériques. Enfin, les interfaces ciment/argilites n’ont pas révélé de changement de leurs propriétés de confinement à l’échelle globale, la dégradation des argilites étant compensé par l’aggradation du ciment via la formation de cette croûte de calcite. / This research is part of the studies of feasibility of CO2 storage in deep geological strata, focusing more particularly on the evolution of the confinement properties of cap-rocks type argillite subjected to CO2 enriched fluids. The argillite of Tournemire (Aveyron, France) were used as analog rocks, having identified what their weak points could be face to storage, namely their mineralogy, natural fractures filled with calcite and the presence of interfaces cement / argillite expected in filled injection wells. The "through diffusion" experimental setup has been adapted to estimate (i) the possible modification of diffusive transport parameters recorded before and after acid attack for different radioactive tracers (tritium and chlorine-36) and non-radioactive tracers (deuterium and bromide) used to characterize samples of argillite of Tournemire and cement paste and (ii) the evolution of the chemical compositions of the solutions in the upstream and downstream reservoirs of diffusion cells during acid attacks. Finally, the analysis of solids was carried out in part by SEM-EDS, XRD and X-μTomographie. Firstly, for all the samples studied, the values of the transport parameters determined before acid attack (effective diffusion coefficient and porosity) are consistent with those of the literature. In addition, it appears that all materials have reacted strongly to acid attacks. Thus, argillites saw their diffusion parameters increase up to a factor of two, especially for anionic tracers, and, whatever the proportion of carbonate minerals initially present in samples of argillite. The post-mortem observations have led to the identification of a zone of dissolution of carbonate minerals in them, but whose extension (400 microns or less) can not alone explain the significant degradation of the containment properties. Only unobservable phenomena during investigation scale, such as wormhole effects in porous network could be the cause. In addition, the samples of argillite intruded by natural fractures have systematically developed hydraulic short circuits, which can be explained by the introduction of a process of preferential channeling within the fracture observed by SEM-EDS and X. μTomographie In addition, the more close to neutral was the fluid attack the more cementitious materials saw their confinement properties improved. This is related to the appearance of a crust of calcite about 30 microns thick on the front of a dissolution zone, the thickness of which is proportional to the amount of acid in solution. This waterproof crust, clogging the pores, would be responsible for the decrease in diffusion parameters observed across the sample, and as numerical simulations reproduce it. Finally, the interface cement / claystone showed no change in their confinement properties on a global scale, the degradation of clays being offset by aggradation cement via the formation of the crust of calcite.

Thesis (M. Dev.) -- University of Limpopo, 2002 / Refer to document

Hip resurfacing arthroplasty has changed the treatment of end stage arthritis without severe deformity for young, active adults. Presently, there are varying clinical approaches to implant design selection and cementation techniques. The purpose of this project is to determine what amount of reamer-femoral component offset allows for the best cement penetration into the femoral head. Rapid prototyped femoral component models were produced with reamer femoral component offsets of 0.0 mm, 0.5 mm, and 1.0 mm. After implantation onto models of reamed femoral heads made from high-density open-cell reticulated carbon foam, cement penetration was assessed from cross-sections of the foam-implant unit. Increased offset was found to decrease the extent of cement over penetration from the dome and chamfer. Increased offset also yielded optimal cement penetration as measured from the walls. Finally, increased offset was found to increase the height of cement mantle formation while maintaining complete seating of all implants.

A feasibility of rapid setting cement (RSC) as an agent of immobilization for certain elements such as fission products or radioactive materials was explored. Cerium (Ce) and cesium (Cs) have been selected as a surrogate for U and/or Pu and fission products, respectively, in this study in three phases. In Phase I, RSC was evaluated for physical properties (e.g., porosity, density, pH values, etc.) using two groups methods—the cement powder at different concentrations of Ce (2 – 10 wt%) with deionized water (DIW) and artificial seawater (ASW). The results showed that the final setting time and compressive strength of RSC in DIW and ASW solutions decreased as Ce content increased. The X-ray diffraction patterns revealed two newly identified phases, namely CeAl11O18 and Ce4.667 (SiO4)3O. The morphology of matrix samples showed that the existence of Ce distributed on the pore wall or clustered with Si, Al, Mg, K, P, Fe, and O. In Phase II, laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) technique together with univariate and multivariate analyses of the principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares (PLS) were applied to detect the surrogate elements (Ce (0.5 – 8 wt%) and Cs (0.5 – 4 wt%)) for nuclear materials captured in ceramic materials. The best calibration curves for Ce and Cs in samples were created using the peak areas of the Ce 571.8 nm line and Cs 697.1 nm line, respectively. PCA method was applied to explain 85.5 % for Ce-cement samples in DIW and 91.4 % for those in ASW. Samples with Cs indicated similar PCA trends. The PLS calibration curves for Ce and Cs samples in DIW and those in ASW were made using seven and eight latent variables (LV). In Phase III, the leaching behaviors of Ce and Cs mixture with DIW and ASW under both dynamic and static leach conditions were investigated according to the ANSI/ANS 16.1-2003 standard method. Elemental compositions were analyzed using an inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) for the leaching periods of 2, 7, and 24 hours and 2, 3, 4, 5, 14, 28, 43, and 90 days. Three mathematical models—first-order reaction model (FRM), diffusion model (DM), and first-order reaction/diffusion model (FRDM)—were fitted to assess the leaching parameters of immobilized radionuclides in the RSC matrix. Results showed that leaching of 140Ce and 133Cs from RSC matrices with (DIW and ASW) under both dynamic and static leach conditions was less than 20%. It was found that the leaching phenomena of 140Ce and 133Cs was dominantly controlled by FRM with a weak effect of DM, which was best fitted by FRDM. Here, the average leachability index (L) for 140Ce and 133Cs, are greater than the recommended minimum of 6 that allowed their acceptance for disposal. These studies indicated a good feasibility of using RSC with DIW and ASW for immobilizing non-radioactive Ce and Cs and RSC had a potential for applying to actual radioactive materials.

In the process of crushing concrete waste, significant amounts of fine by-products, the so called fine recycled concrete aggregates (FRCA), are generated and excluded from potential use. Limited research has thoroughly investigated the performance of concrete mixes with FRCA, very likely due to the complexity in analysing non-negligible amounts of adhered residual cement paste (RCP). Although some studies have proposed promising sustainable mix-design procedures accounting for the different microstructure when using coarse recycled concrete aggregates (CRCA), no similar approach exists for FRCA concrete. In this work, two promising procedures for mix-designing eco-efficient concrete with 100% FRCA are proposed accounting for the presence of RCP to reduce cement content in new mixtures. First, built on top of the existing procedure for CRCA mix-design, modifications to the Equivalent Volume (EV) method were introduced toconsider full replacement of fine natural sand by FRCA. Second, based on the concept of continuous Particle Packing Models (PPM), an optimized procedure was proposed to allow maximum packing density of FRCA mix linked to a given level of measured RCP content. Results verified the feasibility of producing eco-efficient concrete mixes with 100% FRCA, emphasizing the PPM mixes to report superior rheological and mechanical performance along with suitable durability-related properties. Yet, results also indicated the influence of simple or multistage crushed FRCA on the overall performance of mixes.

Die Materialeigenschaften und Dauerhaftigkeit von zementgebundenen Baustoffen hängen von den Hydratationsbedingungen und dem Wiederstand gegen chemische Angriffe während bzw. nach der Fertigstellung eines Bauwerkes ab. In dieser Arbeit wurden experimentelle Aufbauten entwickelt, um in diesen Zeiträumen von zementgebundenen Baustoffen die Änderungen des Phasenbestandes hochaufgelöst zu untersuchen. Sie basieren auf Röntgenbeugungsexperimente unter der Nutzung intensiver Synchrotronstrahlung. Dieses ermöglicht einen detaillierten Einblick in die Dynamik der Hydratationsprozesse im Frühstadium und die Änderung des Phasenbestandes durch alltägliche Lösungen. / The material properties and life time of cementitious materials depends on both hydration conditions and resistance against chemical attacks during and after the construction of buildings respectively. In this study, experimental setups were developed to investigate the changes of the phase composition with a high resolution during this different time periods of cementitious materials life. They based on X-Ray diffraction methods using intensive synchrotron radiation. This provides a detail view into the dynamics of the hydration processes at early ages and the change of the phase composition due to interaction with common solution.

Este trabalho realizou o estudo do comportamento de misturas de solo arenoso e argila, estabilizado quimicamente com cimento, para aplicação em barreiras de proteção ambiental. A proposta essencial foi a utilização de um solo arenoso, proveniente da Formação Botucatu, presente em vastas áreas do território brasileiro e através de um processo de alteração, torná-lo apto à utilização em barreiras de proteção ambiental. O projeto e análise de experimentos foram realizados através da técnica de planejamento fatorial 23 composto. Foram consideradas três variáveis independentes: teor de umidade (w), porcentagem de cimento (C) e quantidade de argila (A), variando em dois níveis cada. Foi utilizado cimento Portland CP II-Z 32 e argila bentonita sódica comercial. Foram avaliados os comportamentos de fluxo e transporte de água e contamintante (KCl), realizados através de ensaios de percolação em coluna e com permeâmetros de parede rígida com carga constante e ensaios de equilíbrio em lote. Foram avaliados os parâmetros de resistência do solo com os ensaios de resistência à compressão simples (RCS) e cisalhamento direto (CD). Também foram avaliados os comportamentos de expansão e contração das misturas. Foram realizados ensaios de porosimetria por intrusão de mercúrio para verificar a alteração microestrutural das misturas. Após realização dos ensaios, as analises estatísticas permitiram avaliar os efeitos das variáveis independentes sobre as propriedades das misturas. Os fatores w, C e A se mostraram adequados para descrever o comportamento das propriedades avaliadas das misturas. Os parâmetros de fluxo e transporte se mostraram adequados para a finalidade do material. As misturas solo-cimento-argila apresentaram ganho elevado de resistência e comportamento mais estável frente a contração quando comparadas as misturas solo-argila. Foi empregado o método de superfície de respostas para interpretar o comportamento e identificar a tendência de alteração das propriedades. Com o procedimento proposto foi possível avaliar a influência dos fatores e descrever as alterações causadas pelas misturas com cimento e argila. / In this research the behavior of sandy soil and clay mixtures, chemically stabilized with cement, for application in environmental protection barriers was determined. The essential proposal was to use of a sandy soil, from Botucatu Formation, present in vast areas of the Brazilian territory and through an alteration process, make it suitable for use in environmental protection barriers. The design and analysis of experiments were performed using the 23 factorial composite technique. Three independent variables were considered: moisture content (w), percentage of cement (C) and amount of clay (A), varying in two levels each. Portland cement CP II-Z 32 and commercial sodium bentonite clay were used. Flow and transport behavior of water and contaminant (KCl) were evaluated through column percolation tests and with rigid wall permeameters with constant load and batch equilibrium tests. The soil resistance parameters were tested with the simple compression strength (RCS) and direct shear test (CD). The expansion and contraction behavior of the mixtures were also evaluated. Mercury intrusion porosimetry tests were performed to verify the microstructural alteration of the mixtures. After the statistical analysis, it was possible to evaluate the effects of the independent variables on the properties of the mixtures. The moisture, cement and clay contents were adequate to describe the behavior of the evaluated properties of the mixtures. The flow and transport parameters were adequate for the purpose of the material. The soil-cement-clay mixtures presented a high gain of resistance and a more stable behavior against contraction when compared to soil-clay mixtures. The response surface method was used to interpret the behavior and to identify the tendency of the properties. With the proposed procedure it was possible to evaluate the influence of the factors and to describe the changes caused by the mixtures with cement and clay.