The dawn of democracy and adoption of the new constitution heralded in a new political dispensation for South Africa. These development set local government in a new path as various pieces of legislations and policies were passed to transform local government from fragmented and racially – based municipalities into democratic and non – racial entities. Transformation did not end on amalgamation of racial municipal entities and change to racial composition of the administration staff but has to transcend beyond to ensure accountability, transparency, responsive and participation of communities in the affairs of local government to promote good governance. The Sedibeng District Municipality (SDM) established various structures, systems and processes intend on promoting transformation. However, its process of transformation is limited only to the structure and composition of the administration. Little was done to transform the reigning culture which has its roots in the apartheid past, despite the existence of policies including the White Paper on the Transforming Public Service Delivery (Batho Pele). Accordingly, the existence of new structures, systems and processes failed to curb corruption in the ranks of Sedibeng District Municipality. Currently, a number of staff members are facing various charges of fraud and corruption. The Auditor – General have found that millions of rands have spent without proper procedure being followed. The state of affairs give indications that existing structures, systems and processes are not solid enough to curb corruption. Furthermore, the situation is accentuated by the municipality’s failure to involve communities in the affairs of the local government. Communities are only used to rubber – stamp processes and programmes that are imposed by the municipality. This renders communities and community organisations useless and ineffective in holding the councillors accountable. Against the background of the problem statement, the hypotheses of the study were formulated as follows: * There is a non – compliance of municipal regulations required for transformation and good governance at Sedibeng District Municipality. * The leadership of the municipality does not possess adequate knowledge and the political will to monitor and ensure consistent adherence to regulations as required by law to promote transformation and good governance. The study utilized both qualitative and quantitative research methods. The study involved a number of techniques to gather information which includes literature study and empirical research. The findings of the study prove that there is a high level non – compliance of municipal regulations required to promote good governance at Sedibeng District Municipality. The responses of senior management also prove that there is a clear lack of leadership in the Sedibeng District Municipality. The study offers significant recommendations to improve the situation. The intend of the study was to explore and open avenue for further research in the field of change management (transformation of behaviour and culture), impact of cadre deployment in municipal performance and idea of public participation and involvement in the affairs of local government. / M Development and Management (Public Management and Governance), North-West University, Vaal Triangle Campus, 2014

This thesis is an overview of the source material, methodologies, artistic influences, and conceptual decisions that inform my artwork and characterize my art practice. Utilizing participation (audience, community, viewer), I engineer experiences and encounters for the general public. Whether through directed physical interaction or implicit reaction, I create open-ended situations or environments that I may influence, but not fully control. The democratic cede of authorial control, as well as the heightened risk and unpredictably in my work, instigates a more positive, non-hierarchical social model in which every viewer is an “author,” who produces content and communication signals, and has a voice and a presence in society.

Masters in Public Administration - MPA / The focus of the study is on the implementation of public policies through provision of basic services such as water and sanitation in the City of Cape Town. The case study of the research is the informal settlements of Khayelitsha area which falls under the jurisdiction of the City of Cape Town. The study identified and analysed the socioeconomic conditions of the people living in the informal settlements of Khayelitsha and the impact of such conditions to their lives. The study emphasizes the role of all spheres of government in the implementation of public policies.The study identified various challenges faced by government in the implementation of public policies, particularly at local government level. Among the challenges is the lack of communication, lack of public participation and lack of capacity. The study emphasizes the importance of intergovernmental relations and cooperate governance in order to achieve the objectives of good governance and effective and efficient service delivery. The study reveals that civil society plays an important role in the implementation of public policies and also holds the government accountable to the people. It is important to indicate that government cannot achieve the goals and objectives of providing clean water and adequate sanitation facilities if communities do not form part of the structures that implement projects and programmes of development in their respective areas.Hence, the study emphasizes the importance of communication and consultation of communities on issues that directly affect them. The study emphasizes the fact that communities need to take control of the resources and infrastructure provided to them in order to avoid unnecessary expenditure of replacing and repairing resources damaged and destroyed by the very same community.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-29T13:30:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Carlos Alberto Lopes.pdf: 8154603 bytes, checksum: eba565c8ea2510af6320831180ea3cae (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-05-03 / This research presents the measurement of levels of social capital in six interrelated dimensions in three neighborhoods in different cities in São Paulo State. The methodology used a questionnaire with closed questions and covers a total of 81respondents. The theoretical research is centered on Robert D. Putnam with other subsidies from James Coleman and Pierre Boudieu and methodological contributions from researches of Social Capital Thematic Group of World Bank. Derived from the data was set an exploratory index of social capital that is presented as the first step towards the improvement of instruments for research on social capital / Esta pesquisa apresenta a mensuração de níveis de capital social em 6 dimensões inter-relacionadas em três bairros de diferentes cidades no Estado de São Paulo. Foi utilizada a metodologia de questionário com perguntas fechadas e abrange um total de 81 entrevistados. O aporte teórico esta centrado nas pesquisas de Robert D. Putnam com outros subsídios a partir de James Coleman e Pierre Bourdieu e o aporte metodológico parte das pesquisas do Grupo Temático sobre Capital Social do Banco Mundial. Derivado dos dados obtidos foi estabelecido um índice exploratório de capital social que é apresentado como primeiro passo para o aprimoramento de instrumentos de pesquisa sobre capital social

Esta pesquisa insere-se na linha de pesquisa, política, planejamento e gestão ambiental do Departamento de Saúde Ambiental da Faculdade de Saúde Pública da Universidade de São Paulo. Tem por objetivo apontar alternativas que facilitem a participação social junto à gestão ambiental municipal no Brasil por meio da identificação dos principais fatores condicionantes deste processo. Parte-se do pressuposto que a participação social é um dos condicionantes que interferem para melhoria da gestão ambiental na esfera municipal como forma de fortalecer e aprofundar a democracia local, possibilitando à sociedade inserir-se na gestão ambiental municipal. Para tanto, realizou-se pesquisa de dados secundários, análise bibliográfica do que já se produziu sobre este tema no Brasil, centrando-se em artigos científicos, teses de doutorado e dissertações de mestrado entre os anos 2000 e 2010, buscados nas bases de dados: Cab Abstract, Scielo (Brasil), Lilacs, Pubmed, Repidisca, Dedalus (USP) e Web of Science. Como resultado, foi identificado um conjunto de fatores condicionantes a participação social na gestão ambiental municipal brasileira, destacando-se, como os mais citados: a questão da divulgação e acesso as informações; educação individual para bom desempenho da participação coletiva; percepção de problemas/demandas locais como incentivo a participação; identidade e valorização local; e dificuldades de acesso às instituições participativas. Esses resultados vão ao encontro de uma concordância na literatura sobre o tema e que pode ser expressa por meio das seguintes questões: como é possível pensar participação da sociedade junto à gestão ambiental nos municípios brasileiros sem informação? Sem educação e capacitação? Sem valorização do território? Sem descentralização do poder? Sem integração, articulação e parceria dos setores do governo entre si e com a sociedade civil? Assim, espera-se com esta pesquisa fornecer subsídios para avanço dos processos de gestão ambiental municipal fundamentado na participação social / This research is part of the research line in policy, planning and environmental management of the Environmental Health Department of School of Public Health, University of São Paulo. Aims to present alternatives that facilitate social participation by the municipal environmental management in Brazil by identifying the main conditioning factors this process. It starts from the assumption that social participation is a decisive factor for improved environmental management at municipal level in order to strengthen and improve foundations for strong local democracy, enabling the society to be part of the municipal services management. Therefore, was a survey of the literature and analysis that has been written on this subject in Brazil, focusing on scientific articles, doctoral theses and dissertations between 2000 and 2010, sought in the databases: Cab Abstract , SciELO (Brazil), Lilacs, Pubmed, Repidisca, Dedalus (USP) and Web of Science. As a result, a set of conditioning factors of social participation in municipal environmental management in Brazil was identified, especially: the issue of disclosure and access to information, education for individual performance of collective participation, problems perception / local demands as an incentive for participation, identity and recovery site and difficult access to participatory institutions. These results are in line with an agreement in the literature on the subject in question, in this way, how thinking in society participation in environmental management by the municipalities without information? Without education and training? Without improving the area? Without power decentralization? Without integration, coordination and partnership of government sectors among themselves and with civil society? Thus, it is hoped this research provide support for the advancement of municipal environmental management processes based on social participation

A palavra participação tem aparecido nos mais variados discursos. Mas afinal, que participação é essa? Considerando o âmbito da promoção da saúde e seus pressupostos, a participação é citada como uma das condições fundamentais para que as comunidades assumam o controle sobre sua saúde. Percebe-se que há uma grande distância entre o que propõem os principais documentos referentes à promoção da saúde e o que realmente é colocado em prática. Uma das formas mais importantes de estimular a participação comunitária é por meio do processo educativo. Para entender como esses processos educativos vêm ocorrendo em áreas de proteção ambiental de modo que atenda os pressupostos da promoção da saúde, esta pesquisa foi realizada com o objetivo de identificar e analisar as ações de educação em saúde e de educação ambiental desenvolvidas pelo poder público municipal nas áreas de mananciais de Santo André/SP e as formas de participação da comunidade local nesses processos, bem como suas percepções sobre tais ações. A metodologia utilizada para a pesquisa foi de abordagem quali-quantitativa, tendo como instrumentos a análise documental; entrevistas estruturadas e semi-estruturadas. As entrevistas foram iniciadas após prévia aprovação do Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa e consentimento esclarecido dos entrevistados. Os sujeitos eram adultos de ambos os sexos residentes em 02 áreas da região de Paranapiacaba e Parque Andreense e funcionários da Prefeitura de Santo André. Os principais resultados mostraram que as ações de saúde desenvolvidas na região de estudo ainda são vistas predominantemente sob o prisma da prevenção e não como um processo educativo capaz de subsidiar e alcançar alguns dos objetivos da promoção da saúde, como o desenvolvimento de habilidades pessoais e o reforço à ação comunitária. Entre as ações relacionadas ao meio ambiente predominou o conhecimento das ações de fiscalização ambiental em detrimento das ações de educação. Os dados obtidos evidenciaram a importância de ações educativas como parte de um processo e não como práticas isoladas. A partir da análise dos depoimentos dos entrevistados, notouse que os mecanismos de divulgação e participação têm sido ineficientes, pois muitos desconhecem tais materiais de divulgação, assim como os espaços de participação e seus representantes. Os principais obstáculos citados pelos moradores entrevistados na relação poder públicosociedade civil estavam ligados à efetivação de ações de infra-estrutura e opções de geração de renda, falta de retorno às solicitações feitas, falta de diálogo entre os técnicos e a comunidade e formas de divulgação mais variadas e com abordagens diferenciadas. Concluiu-se que os sujeitos desta pesquisa ainda não detêm a habilidade para participar e para assumir uma postura pró-ativa frente ao local em que moram e à sua própria saúde, assim como o poder público precisa aprimorar as ações já desenvolvidas de modo que consiga concretizar a intersetorialidade e a promoção de processos educativos que realmente tenham cunho político, que criem condições para que a população se aproprie dos locais em que mora e aprenda a colocar em prática uma participação ativa, exigindo e agindo em prol de seu bemestar e de sua saúde. / The word participation has appeared in various speeches. But after all, what participation is that? Considering the scope of health promotion and its assumptions, participation is referred as a key condition for communities to assume control over their health. It is evident that there is a great distance between recommendations from the main documents relating to health promotion and what is actually put into practice. One of the most important ways of encouraging community participation is through the educational process. To understand how these educational processes are occurring in areas of environmental protection in order to meet the requirements of health promotion, this research objective consist on identify and analyze the measures of health education and environmental education developed by the municipal public authority in the watershed areas of Santo André/SP and how does local community participate in these processes, as well as their perceptions about such measures. The methodology adopted for this research was a quailquantitative approach, using as tools document analysis, structured and semi-structured interviews. The interviews were undertaken after prior approval of the Research Ethics Committee and informed consent of interviewees. Subjects were both gender adults, civil servants of the Municipality of Santo André. The main results showed that the health measures developed in the studied region are still predominantly seen from the point of view of prevention and not as an educational process able to support and achieve some of the goals of health promotion, such as the development of personal skills and strengthening to community action. Among the actions related to the environment, the awareness about measures on environmental inspection predominated in detriment to measures on education. Data analysis showed the importance of educational measures as part of a process and not as isolated practices. The analysis of the testimonials of interviewees showed that the mechanisms for diffusion and participation have been ineffective, because many dont know about such advertising materials, and they dont know the places of participation and their representatives as well. The main obstacles cited by the interviewed residents in the publiccivil society relation were linked to the realization of infrastructure measures and options for generating income, lack of response to their requests, lack of dialogue between the technicians and the community and more varied forms of diffusion and with different approaches. It was concluded that the subjects of this research have not developed yet the ability to participate and to take a proactive stance in their neighborhood and for their own health, and the public authority needs to improve the already undertaken measures as well, in order to achieve intersectoriality and promotion of educational measures with a really political character, which creates conditions for the population to take ownership of where they live and so they can learn to put into practice an active participation, demanding and acting on behalf of their welfare and their health

Thesis (M. A. (Criminology and Criminal Justice)) -- University of Limpopo, 2018 / Vigilantism is a contentious issue that will persist into the future for as long as crime exists. This research aimed at determining community’s perception on vigilantism. The Criminal Justice System has failed community of Matome Village, in the sense that they lost trust and lacked confidence in CJS. Actions involved in vigilantism are not only an expression of people’s anger or frustration but also of their fear. This study adopted both qualitative and quantitative approaches. Probability sampling (Stratified sampling) was used to select participants. For qualitative approach an interview schedule with prearranged questions was conducted and used in both focus group1 and 2 interviews. Focus group 1 consisted of 10 participants, while focus group 2 consisted of 8 participants. For quantitative approach, 80 questionnaires with close-ended and open-ended questions were distributed among community members who took part in the study, and the aim was to get their opinions and experience of vigilantism. The data collected was analysed (thematic content analysis was used) and interpreted by copying exactly words that were said by the participants. The study documented the disadvantages and consequences of vigilantism to fill in the existing gaps of the dangers of vigilante incidents in the literature. Strain theory by Robert Agnew was applied as the suitable theory which best explains why people resort to partake in vigilantism. The research identified factors which contributed mostly to vigilantism, such as: a way of protection and desire for revenge (anger and frustration). KEY WORDS: Vigilantism, Crime, Culprit, Strain, Community participation, Matome Village, Criminal Justice System, Police Officers.

Thesis (MBA.) --University of Limpopo, 2016 / The Ward Based Outreach Teams (WBOT) Programme is established in South Africa as part of a series of strategies to strengthen Primary Health Care (PHC) and to improve service delivery in the country. The purpose of the study was to gain an understanding of the experiences of Community Health Workers (CHW) in the implementation of the WBOT programme. The objectives of the study were to evaluate the experiences of CHWs in the WBOT, to evaluate factors that facilitate the implementation and to make recommendations and strategies on what can be done to improve the WBOT programme. A quantitative research design was used where self-administered questionnaires were provided to respondents for data collection. Respondents were asked to complete the questionnaires; completed questionnaires were returned by only 12 of the 27 respondents, resulting in a 44% response rate. The study’s findings indicate that the Community Health Workers (CHWs) regarded the WBOT as helping the community in many ways such reducing the long queues at the clinic and providing the care of the patients in their own homes, although concerns about poor participation by the community structures and nurses in the health facilities were expressed. CHWs expressed experiences that were positive and negative when conducting their work in the community. The results from the study have shown that there are successes, challenges and lesson learned. The results of the study further indicated that the programme is being implemented well even though it is still in a pilot phase in the sub-district. The programme has managed to improve and save many lives in the communities of Kgetleng Sub-district. Despite the level of depth in this study, there is a crucial need for more for more in-depth research regarding the experiences of users of the WBOT services and to conduct similar studies looking into urban areas and to compare and contrast the rural and urban findings.

Thesis (MPA.) -- University of Limpopo, 2006 / Refer to document

Thesis (MPA.) -- University of Limpopo, 2013 / The research study attempts to understand levels of service delivery facing Lenyenye Township falling under the jurisdiction of Greater Tzaneen Local Municipal Council. The main focal point of the study is to ascertain the effectiveness of the provision of basic services such as electricity, water and roads by the Greater Tzaneen Local Municipality. This study takes into account that there are other townships such as Nkowankowa, Khutjwana and Tickeyline that are also under the jurisdiction of Greater Tzaneen Local Municipality, and therefore, the research made no attempts to compare levels of service in these towns as its main focus is Lenyenye Township. The findings of this case study are by no means a representation of the state of service delivery in the entire Greater Tzaneen Local Municipal area. The study is qualitative in nature as it attempts to understand how residents of Lenyenye Township perceive service delivery in their area. To get to the bottom of this investigation, interviews were conducted to supplement the data that is needed to make a case. The central elements of this study are community participation and financial management. According to White Paper on Local Government (1998), the above elements are the cornerstone of democracy, and that democracy should be visible and practical at grassroots. The study argued that provision of municipal services is also influenced by a high number of legislative frameworks some of which are still at a grappling stage by municipalities, for example; the implementation of White Paper on Transforming Public Service Delivery (1997). The study also discovered that a local sphere of government interacts with other organs of state, private sectors and non-governmental institutions in programmes and projects meant to advance the provision of municipal service. Greater Tzaneen Local Municipality like any other municipality is experiencing its fair share of the challenges such as financial management, community participation, and skills shortage. The study revealed that Lenyenye Township is experiencing poor service delivery from the municipality.