Depuis 1988, l’Algérie a initié des réformes économiques profondes appuyées par un arsenal législatif et des accords internationaux. L’Etat Algérien a abandonné son rôle de protecteur sans maîtriser son rôle de régulateur. Le passage de l’économie planifiée basée sur le monopole de l’Etat à une économie de marché, est caractérisé par l’émergence du secteur privé et des changements radicaux sur le plan institutionnel en ce qui concerne l’Etat, et sur le plan organisationnel, stratégique et technologique concernant les EPA. Dans ce contexte incertain, ces EPA ne peuvent plus compter uniquement sur leurs capacités internes. Elles doivent s'ouvrir pour créer des partenariats avec leurs fournisseurs, les universités et même leurs concurrents. D’où nécessité de :- Mutation vers de nouvelles formes adaptées aux événements imprévus et résilientes pour faire face aux environnements incertains- Un Systèmes d’Information d’Intelligence Stratégique, capables d’orienter la décision en réduisant les risques dus aux incertitudes inhérents aux choix stratégiques- Rechercher les moyens de rendre réversibles les choix lorsque des événements inattendus surviennent.L'objectif de cette thèse est de montrer la complexité des environnements politique, juridique, social et économique où les EPA opèrent et pourquoi il est nécessaire de gérer les risques liés à cet environnement, à savoir : Inertie durant le processus de transformation organisationnelle, mauvaise compréhension des signaux captés et la mauvaise réaction du décideur face aux signaux et aux événements. Ici interviennent les concepts de KM, d’IE et de BI, à différents niveaux du management : du stratégique à l’opérationnel. / Since 1988, Algeria has initiated deeper economic reforms supported by significant legislation and international agreements. The algerian government has abandoned its protector role without providing a required regulatory role. The transition from a planned economy based on state monopole to a market economy based, is characterized by the emergence of local and foreign private sector implies radical changes both politically and institutionally (regarding Algerian State) on the organizational, strategic and technological plans for State-Owned Firms. In this uncertain environment, Algerian State-Owned Firm cannot rely only on their internal capabilities. They should, create partnerships, both with suppliers, subcontractors, universities and even competitors. There is a need for these firms to: - Transform their organization to a new form improved for unexpected events and enough resilience to adapt to uncertain environments- Build a Strategic Intelligence Information System able to facilitate decision-making and reduce risks inherent to the strategic choices- Find ways to reverse choice when unexpected events occur.The aim of this thesis is to show the complexity of the political, legal, social and economic environments where the Algerian State-Owned Firms operate. Also, we show why it's necessary to handle the following risks: inertia against the process of organizational transformation, wrong understanding of the received signals from the environment and poor reaction of the decision-maker to signals and events in the environment. Here, the concepts of KM, CI and BI operate at different levels of management: from strategic to operational.

Le contexte économique actuel se caractérise par un environnement plus turbulent qui pousse les entreprises à envisager un nouveau modèle de création de valeur plus durable. En effet, elles sont rentrées dans une ère post-industrielle qui met en avant et exploite la richesse de leur capital immatériel. Elles doivent créer les conditions de leur développement et de leur succès en activant les richesses de l’invisible mais également en les protégeant des actions hostiles de leurs concurrents car les actifs immatériels sont déterminants en termes de compétitivité. Dans ce contexte, la performance des entreprises est conditionnée par la mise en œuvre de stratégies pouvant anticiper les évolutions de leur environnement ainsi que les risques sur leur capital immatériel.Les PME sont plus sensibles aux modifications de leur environnement que les grandes entreprises. Leur organisation et leurs moyens financiers rend leur capital immatériel plus vulnérable. Notre sujet requiert une pollinisation croisée entre différentes disciplines afin de faire émerger les moyens les plus efficaces pour les PME afin de progresser en fonction de ses spécificités, de son expérience et de l’environnement dans lequel elle évolue.Sans modifier l’organisation de l’entreprise, l’objectif est de mettre en œuvre une démarche rigoureuse permettant à l’entreprise de développer une protection efficace de son capital immatériel pour prendre ses décisions. Cette démarche est synthétisée dans le logiciel ICARS (Intangible Capital Assessment Risk Software) / The current economic environment is characterized by a more turbulent environment that pushes companies to consider a new model for more sustainable value creation. In fact, they have returned to a post-industrial highlights and exploits the richness of their intellectual capital. They must create the conditions for their development and their success in activating the riches of the invisible but also protecting them from hostile actions of their competitors because intangible assets are crucial in terms of competitiveness. In this context, business performance is dependent on the implementation of strategies to anticipate changes in their environment and the risks to their intellectual capital.SMEs are more sensitive to changes in their environment than larger companies. Their organization and financial resources makes them more vulnerable intangible capital. Our subject requires cross-pollination between different disciplines in order to bring out the most effective ways for SMEs to grow according to its characteristics, experience and environment in which it operates.Without changing the organization of the company, the goal is to implement a rigorous approach allowing the company to develop an effective protection of its intellectual capital to make decisions. This approach is synthesized in the software ICARS (Intangible Capital Risk Assessment Software)

The thesis deals with marketing communications of mobile operators on the Czech market. Marketing communications is analyzed using the research methods of competitive intelligence and mystery shopping. Sub-goal of this paper is a performance of a particular competitive intellingence tool for continuous monitoring of marketing communications. The main aim of this work is the processing of competitive analysis in the different areas of the communication mix. The media spending on ATL communications are evaluated in advertising. In direct marketing there are analyzed and evaluated member gets member activities of Czech mobile operators. The goal in the area of sales promotion is to compare the loyalty communications of the operators and in the branch of public relations CSR activities with an emphasis on the endowment policy are evaluated. Personal selling of mobile operators is evaluated using the method of mystery shopping.

Cette thèse s'inscrit dans le cadre d'un contrat CIFRE en partenariat avec la Fédération Régionale de la Coopération Agricole du Languedoc-Roussillon (FRCA LR). Elle porte sur l'ambiguïté du lien entre la performance organisationnelle et le recours aux Technologies de l'Information et de la Communication (TIC). Plus précisément, la démarche a consisté en un essai d'observation et d'interprétation des interactions entre un outil d'intelligence collective, en l'occurrence un système d'indicateurs en ligne, et le réseau des coopératives agricoles du Languedoc-Roussillon. Les enseignements de cette recherche-action ont conduit à dépasser les approches théoriques classiques relevant de l'acceptation et de l'appropriation. C'est pourquoi la théorie de l'acteur réseau a été mobilisée. Elle a montré que le recours à l'opération de traduction a induit en l'occurrence des interactions qui dépassent les objectifs intentionnels formulés au départ par la FRCA LR. Il y a là un effet surprise puisque l'outil apparait comme support d'intelligence collective en ce sens qu'il révèle quatre facettes : outil inducteur, outil symbole, outil référence et outil prétexte. Ainsi la thèse montre que le recours aux TIC peut favoriser la performance organisationnelle dans la mesure où il permet un recentrage sur l'Humain et sur l'Information comprise dans toute sa subjectivité. / The present thesis makes part of the CIFRE contract in partnership with the Regional Agricultural Cooperation Federation of Languedoc-Roussillon (FRCA LR). It deals with the ambiguity around the link between the organizational performance and the use of Information and Communication Technologies (TIC). More precisely, the procedure consisted of an essay of observation and interactions interpretation namely an online indicators system between a collective intelligence tool and the agricultural cooperatives network of Languedoc-Roussillon. The teachings of this research-action have led to overpass the classical theoretical approaches falling under the acceptation and the appropriation. Therefore, the Actor Network Theory has been mobilized. It has shown that the use of the translation operation has induced interactions that overpass the intentional objectives formulated initially by the FRCA LR. Here comes a surprise effect since the tool appears as a collective intelligence support in the sense of revealing four facets: inductor tool, symbol tool, reference tool and pretext tool. Hence, the thesis shows that the use of TIC could promote the organizational performance in the measure of allowing a refocus on the Human and on the Information understood in its full subjectivity.

The presented thesis deals with the possibilities of using techniques of Competitive Intelligence (hereafter CI) for small and medium companies. Its aim is mainly to analyze the possibilities of CI method in case of a specific company in the field of small and medium enterprises. The first part provides comprehensive overview of theoretical information, which is necessary to identify the concept of CI. It begins with definitions of CI and then continues with more detailed description of the field. Next, characteristics of small and medium-sized enterprises are introduced, as well as the possible use of CI in these enterprises. Finally, various methods such as SLEPT analysis, Porter's five forces model, SWOT analysis, and others are described in detail. The practical part of the work deals not only with description of a particular company in the field of building design and architecture, but also with crucial part of the thesis, exploration of external background of the company using these analytical methods and proposal of the proper use of information resources according to needs of the company. The last chapter deals with a suitable method of application of CI in the field of architecture and construction, providing summarized suggestions for the specific company as well as for the sphere of business in general.

This diploma thesis deals with the use of Competitive Intelligence methods in the case of a particular company. The aim of the thesis is to improve the current process of obtaining information about competition and its use in strategic decision making of the company management using CI methods. The first part of the thesis analyzes the current situation of XYZ Company and defines the problem for the subsequent solution. The next part deals with general theoretical assumptions and introduction of different methods and approaches to solution. Then follows the application part of the work in which it applies the selected Competitive Intelligence method to the needs of the company. In conclusion, the final proposal for the solution of the problem is evaluated and there are presented the benefits that this implementation brought to the company.

This diploma thesis concerned with a process called Competitice Intelligence and the building this process of the company XXX. The first part describes the current situation of the company and theoretical assumptions. In the second part are shown possible methods of application of competitive intelligence in the company XXX, their evaluation and subsequent selection of the best alternate.

Today companies are competing on the basis of what they know, how fast they learn it, and how well they use what they learn. At the heart of this knowledge-based competition lie knowledge and even more important intelligence. Competitive Intelligence, as a discipline, is increasingly being viewed as a critical enabler to reach competitive advantage. Previous research, however, suggest that South African com¬panies showed a general lack of appropriate pro¬cesses or structures for competitive intelligence compared to their international counterparts. The research aims to demonstrate, through a case study, how the theoretical concepts associated with competitive intelligence can be translated into practice so as to ensure efficient and cost effective competitive intelligence practices and thus contribute to the future success of competitive intelligence programmes in South Africa. / Information Science / M. Inf.

Many organisations recognise the importance of Information Management (IM) and are implementing it into the structure and culture of their organisation and the roles of their managers and employees. More and more, organisations are thinking and operating strategically - their very survival depends on information. Information is the lifeblood of an organisation. An essential part of any business strategy is consideration of how information systems strategy supports change. Experts agree that information management has become a competitive necessity for all types of companies. The organisations that will succeed in the global information environment are those that can identify the value of information. One of the biggest problems facing managers today at all levels is the problem of investing in and using technology efficiently, especially Information Technology (IT). Business intelligence enables organisations to make well informed business decisions and thus can be the source of competitive advantages. This is especially true when companies are able to extrapolate information from indicators in the external environment and make accurate forecasts about future trends or economic conditions. Business intelligence becomes a top initiative and investment priority for Chief lnformation Officers (CIOs) and Chief Executive Officers (CEOs). This dissertation addressed the need to identify the most important information management components as a foundation for the more in-depth discussion on information management principles and best practices in broad base industries. The elements of information management that appear the most frequent in the literature study indicate that authors place high priority on the following components: • Information security • Information management governance • IT standardisation • Regulatory requirements for information management • Business intelligence • Virtual collaboration • Management of service outsourcing • Selection of service providers • Project management • Change management • Risk management • Asset management • Knowledge management • Business processes • Balanced scorecard • Benchmarking • Competitive Intelligence • Business partnering. The empirical study was conducted in six phases. The first phase consisted of establishing a framework of information management best practices in broad base industries and the second phase was to develop a preliminary measuring instrument to investigate the perceptions of the sampling population on information management best practices. Phase three consisted of a pilot study in the development of a questionnaire. Phase four was to investigate perceptions of information management best practices in broad base industries. The analysis model was developed based on the criteria evaluated using advanced statistical procedures. The five most important components of information management that were identified were Business processes, Information security, Business intelligence, Risk management, and Information management governance. The best practices for these five most important components of information management were also identified. The five highest ranking best practices were: Virus control implemented; Information management strategy aligned with business goals; Documented business processes; Risk management framework implemented; and Support and training in place. Phase five was to describe the results of the empirical study for information management best practices in broad base industries, Phase six was to compare the perception what the information management best practices are as perceived by companies from broad base industries. The most uniform perception was identified for the information management component 'Business Intelligence'. On average, it was rated almost equally by all participants. On the other hand, there is a significant difference in perception from all industry segments and the whole industry for 'Risk Management'. / Thesis (M.B.A.)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2007.

Cette recherche-action menée au sein de la DSIC de La Poste s’intéresse à la réputation des organisations et à son pendant numérique (l’e-réputation) par le prisme des sciences de l’information-communication. Elle propose le développement d’un processus et d’un dispositif de veille stratégique par infomédiation sociale permettant à une organisation d’évaluer, de gérer et in fine de construire son e-réputation.Dans un premier temps, nous présentons un cadre théorique de la réputation des organisations comme objet info-communicationnel. Puis nous abordons l’e-réputation (ou réputation en ligne) des organisations comme une information stratégique constituée de l’ensemble des indicateurs issus de la commensuration des interactions intentionnelles endogènes ou automatisées des communautés virtuelles avec l’organisation : productions d’opinions, notations ou encore agir des publics.Dans un deuxième temps, nous nous questionnons sur les moyens à disposition du groupe La Poste pour construire cette e-réputation. Par « construction », nous entendons la manière de structurer l’environnement informationnel dans lequel les publics de l’organisation évoluent chaque jour sur le web dit social, et plus spécifiquement sur la plate-forme Twitter. Dans ce cadre, nos observations empiriques nous permettent de mettre en exergue, de questionner et d’analyser des utilisateurs du web dont les pratiques informationnelles nous amènent à les qualifier « d’agents-facilitateurs », et dont la caractéristique principale est de participer à la prescription informationnelle et à la médiation documentaire sur le web.Suite à l’observation de certains de ces agents et à la production d’une typologie, nous proposons un modèle et un processus de veille les intégrant. Processus dont les résultats opérationnels au sein de La Poste mettent en avant la nécessaire prise en compte et analyse des pratiques de recommandation des internautes au sein des réseaux socionumériques afin que l’organisation construise son e-réputation de manière proactive. / This research within La Poste's DSIC is focused on corporate reputation and on e-reputation through the prism of information and communication sciences. It proposes the development of a web monitoring and a social search process enabling to assess, manage and build online reputation.At first, we present a theoretical framework for corporate reputation as an info-communicational object. Then we discuss corporate e-reputation such as a strategic information made up of all commensuration indicators constituted by intentional (endogenous or not) interactions with the virtual communities and the firm : productions of opinions, assessment or public behavior.In a second step, we investigate how La Poste group can build its e-reputation. By "build" we mean the way to structure the informational environment where customers evolve each day on social web, and more specifically on the Twitter platform. In this context, our empirical observations allow us to highlight, question and analyze, web users whose informational practices permit us to qualify of "facilitators-agents", and whose main characteristic is to participate in informational prescription and the documentary mediation on the web.After the observation of some of these agents and the production of a typology, we propose a model and a monitoring process to integrate them. Our process's results in La Poste show the need to take into account and analyse recommendation practices on social networks to build corporate e-reputation proactively.