Orientador: Paulo Valladares Soares / Resumo: Os Resíduos da Construção e Demolição (RCD) são um grande problema da maioria das cidades brasileiras, nos aspectos ambiental, social e econômico. Esse problema também se destaca em Boa Vista, capital e maior cidade do estado de Roraima, com aproximadamente 63% da população estadual, onde os RCD representam quase 46% do total em massa de resíduos depositados no aterro municipal. Considerando que se têm poucas informações sobre a gestão de RCD na cidade, pois o Plano Municipal de Gestão Integrada de Resíduos Sólidos (PMGIRS) de Boa Vista ainda está em fase de implementação, este trabalho teve como objetivo realizar um diagnóstico da atual situação e sugerir ajustes na gestão e destinação dos RCD na cidade de Boa Vista, por meio de levantamento bibliográfico e trabalho a campo com entrevistas às empresas de construção, empresas de transporte de entulho, o poder público municipal e com uma empresa de reciclagem de entulho. O diagnóstico revelou que a maioria das empresas de construção e de transporte de entulho não atende à legislação atual, por falta de fiscalização das autoridades. O poder público municipal se esforça para implementar o PMGIRS e tentar acabar com os depósitos clandestinos e obrigar as grandes geradoras a parar de despejar os RCD no aterro municipal. Foi identificado que existe uma empresa de reciclagem de entulho atuante na cidade de Boa Vista, porém, enfrenta dificuldades para se estabelecer num mercado que é pouco desenvolvido, sem incentivos e com a lei de ... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Construction and Demolition Waste (CDW) in the environmental, social and economic aspects are a big problem in most Brazilian cities, This problem also stands out in Boa Vista, capital and the largest city of Roraima state, with approximately 63% of state’s population, where the CDW represent almost 46% of the total mass of waste deposited in the municipal landfill. Considering that there is little information about the management of CDW in the city, because the Municipal Plan of Integrated Solid Waste Management of Boa Vista stills in implementation phase, this work aimed to diagnose the current situation and to suggest adjustments in the management and destination of the CDW in Boa Vista, through bibliographical survey and field work with interviews with construction companies, transportation companies of rubble, municipal public authorities and with a recycling company of rubble. The diagnosis revealed that most companies of construction and debris does not meet to current legislation, due to lack of supervision by the authorities. Municipal public authorities are struggling to implement the Municipal Plan of Integrated Solid Waste Management and try to stop clandestine deposits and force large generators to stop dumping CDW in the municipal landfill. It was identified that there is a recycling company of rubble in the city of Boa Vista, however, it faces difficulties to establish itself in a market that is poorly developed, without incentives and with the law of sustainab... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

A cada dia aumentam as preocupações com a preservação do meio ambiente, e crescem os desafios para estabelecer uma relação equilibrada com a natureza para suprir as necessidades dos vários processos de produção. A indústria da construção civil causa impacto ao meio ambiente em suas diversas fases e principalmente pela geração e a disposição de seus resíduos. Considerando a necessidade da implantação de diretrizes para efetiva redução dos impactos ambientais gerados pelos resíduos oriundos da construção civil, o CONAMA estabeleceu diretrizes, critérios e procedimentos para gestão de resíduos da construção civil, através da Resolução N 307 de 05 de julho de 2002. Esta Dissertação tem como objetivo avaliar o gerenciamento de RC&D nas empresas construtoras do Recife e sua conformidade com a Resolução n307 do CONAMA. Nesta pesquisa foi adotado o método de investigação, o estudo de casos, e foi elaborado um roteiro para analisar os SGRC&D das empresas construtoras. Foram elaborados Protocolos de avaliação, a saber: Protocolo A que caracteriza o SGRC&D, o Protocolo B que foi elaborado baseando-se na metodologia Obra Limpa, sendo composto por um questionário de avaliação, e o Protocolo C que foi elaborado baseando-se na Resolução n307 do CONAMA e avalia a conformidade do SGRC&D em relação a esta mesma Resolução. Por meio destes Protocolos foram atribuídas notas para o SGRC&D de cada obra, e através destas notas obteve-se a média geral de cada SGRC&D. Foram pesquisadas quatro empresas na cidade de Recife-PE, sendo duas obras por empresa, perfazendo um total de oito obras. A partir da análise dos Protocolos, observa-se que todas as empresas pesquisadas tentaram se enquadrar às determinações da Resolução n 307 do CONAMA. Foram identificadas as principais características de cada SGRC&D dessas empresas, além dos fatores positivos e negativos provenientes da implantação do sistema de gerenciamento RC&D. A empresa Y obteve a maior média geral, além de implantar a Metodologia Obra Limpa PE também adotou uma política de não geração de resíduos nos canteiros de obra / To each day they increase the concerns with the preservation of the environment, and grow the challenges to establish a relation balanced with the nature to supply the necessities of the some processes of production. The industry of the civil construction cause impact to the environment in its diverse phases and mainly for the generation and the disposal of its residues. Considering the necessity of the implantation of lines of direction for effective reduction of the ambient impacts generated by the deriving residues of the civil construction the CONAMA, it established lines of direction, criteria and procedures for management of residues of the civil construction, through Resolution 307 of 05 of July of 2002. This project has as objective to evaluate the management of RC&D in the construction companies of Recife and its conformity with Resolution n 307 of the CONAMA. In this research the inquiry method was adopted, the study of cases, and was elaborated a script to analyze the SGRC&D of the construction companies, had been elaborated Protocols of evaluation, namely: Protocol A that it characterizes the SGRC&D, Protocol B that was elaborated being based on the methodology Clean Workmanship, and is composed for an evaluation questionnaire and Protocol C that it was elaborated being based on Resolution n 307 of the CONAMA and evaluates the conformity of the SGRC&D in relation to this same Resolution. Through these Protocols notes for the SGRC&D of each workmanship had been attributed, and through these notes it was gotten average generality of each SGRC&D, had been searched four companies and two workmanships for company a total of eight workmanships. Through the analysis of the Protocols it is observed that all the searched companies had tried to be fit the determination of Resolution 307 ofthe CONAMA. Through the Protocols the main characteristics of each SGRC&D of these companies had been identified, of the positive and negative factors proceeding from the implantation of the system of management RC&D. The company who got the general average greater beyond also implanting the Methodology Clean Workmanship - PE adopted one politics of not generation of residues in the workmanship seedbeds

O cenário positivo pelo qual a construção civil atravessou nas últimas duas décadas trouxe incontáveis benefícios ao país, porém alguns aspectos relevantes devem ser avaliados neste panorama de crescimento, principalmente os relacionados aos impactos ambientais ocasionados pelo setor. Uma destas preocupações é a quantidade de resíduos sólidos produzidos e sua respectiva disposição final. O equipamento, objeto deste estudo, propõe que os resíduos produzidos sejam processados, transformados novamente em materiais, e reutilizados dentro do próprio processo construtivo, sem que haja necessidade de transportá-los às áreas de processamento e disposição. Para tanto, foram analisadas amostras de material Classe A, inertes, passiveis de serem reincorporados ao processo construtivo, substituindo o agregado (pedra britada) em determinadas situações. Foram avaliadas ainda as condições conceituais, materiais e mecânicas do equipamento britador, para melhor aproveitamento dos materiais que serão produzidos e reincorporados ao ciclo construtivo da Construção Civil. Os estudos resultaram no projeto de uma máquina britadora de resíduos, de pequeno porte, porém capaz de transformar resíduos sólidos Classe A, em materiais passiveis de serem reutilizados em forma de agregados, sem que haja necessidade de retirá-los da obra para processamento. / The positive scenario which construction has gone through in the last two decades in Brazil brought countless benefits to the country, however, some important aspects must be evaluated in this growth panorama, especially those related to environmental impacts caused by the activity. One of these concerns is the solid waste amount production and its respective final disposal. The device, object of this study, proposes that the produced waste is processed, transformed back into materials and reused in the construction process itself, discarding transportation to processing sites and deposition. For this purpose, inert Class A waste samples were analyzed under certain situations aiming to be able to reincorporation in the construction process, replacing the aggregate (crushed stone). The crusher equipments conceptual, material and mechanical conditions were also evaluated to achieve better results on the use and reincorporation of the processed materials in the construction cycle. The studies resulted in the design of a crusher waste machine, small, but able to turn Class A solid waste, insusceptible materials to be reused in the form of aggregates, with no need to remove them from workplace for processing.

Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-01T17:57:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertacao_genilson_correia.pdf: 9024362 bytes, checksum: 46cde81f4685ee63671fe929794a1848 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-09-21 / To each day they increase the concerns with the preservation of the environment, and grow the challenges to establish a relation balanced with the nature to supply the necessities of the some processes of production. The industry of the civil construction cause impact to the environment in its diverse phases and mainly for the generation and the disposal of its residues. Considering the necessity of the implantation of lines of direction for effective reduction of the ambient impacts generated by the deriving residues of the civil construction the CONAMA, it established lines of direction, criteria and procedures for management of residues of the civil construction, through Resolution 307 of 05 of July of 2002. This project has as objective to evaluate the management of RC&D in the construction companies of Recife and its conformity with Resolution n º 307 of the CONAMA. In this research the inquiry method was adopted, the study of cases, and was elaborated a script to analyze the SGRC&D of the construction companies, had been elaborated Protocols of evaluation, namely: Protocol ¨A¨ that it characterizes the SGRC&D, Protocol B that was elaborated being based on the methodology Clean Workmanship, and is composed for an evaluation questionnaire and Protocol C that it was elaborated being based on Resolution n º 307 of the CONAMA and evaluates the conformity of the SGRC&D in relation to this same Resolution. Through these Protocols notes for the SGRC&D of each workmanship had been attributed, and through these notes it was gotten average generality of each SGRC&D, had been searched four companies and two workmanships for company a total of eight workmanships. Through the analysis of the Protocols it is observed that all the searched companies had tried to be fit the determination of Resolution 307 ofthe CONAMA. Through the Protocols the main characteristics of each SGRC&D of these companies had been identified, of the positive and negative factors proceeding from the implantation of the system of management RC&D. The company who got the general average greater beyond also implanting the Methodology Clean Workmanship - PE adopted one politics of not generation of residues in the workmanship seedbeds / A cada dia aumentam as preocupações com a preservação do meio ambiente, e crescem os desafios para estabelecer uma relação equilibrada com a natureza para suprir as necessidades dos vários processos de produção. A indústria da construção civil causa impacto ao meio ambiente em suas diversas fases e principalmente pela geração e a disposição de seus resíduos. Considerando a necessidade da implantação de diretrizes para efetiva redução dos impactos ambientais gerados pelos resíduos oriundos da construção civil, o CONAMA estabeleceu diretrizes, critérios e procedimentos para gestão de resíduos da construção civil, através da Resolução N 307 de 05 de julho de 2002. Esta Dissertação tem como objetivo avaliar o gerenciamento de RC&D nas empresas construtoras do Recife e sua conformidade com a Resolução n°307 do CONAMA. Nesta pesquisa foi adotado o método de investigação, o estudo de casos, e foi elaborado um roteiro para analisar os SGRC&D das empresas construtoras. Foram elaborados Protocolos de avaliação, a saber: Protocolo ¨A¨ que caracteriza o SGRC&D, o Protocolo B que foi elaborado baseando-se na metodologia Obra Limpa, sendo composto por um questionário de avaliação, e o Protocolo C que foi elaborado baseando-se na Resolução n°307 do CONAMA e avalia a conformidade do SGRC&D em relação a esta mesma Resolução. Por meio destes Protocolos foram atribuídas notas para o SGRC&D de cada obra, e através destas notas obteve-se a média geral de cada SGRC&D. Foram pesquisadas quatro empresas na cidade de Recife-PE, sendo duas obras por empresa, perfazendo um total de oito obras. A partir da análise dos Protocolos, observa-se que todas as empresas pesquisadas tentaram se enquadrar às determinações da Resolução n 307 do CONAMA. Foram identificadas as principais características de cada SGRC&D dessas empresas, além dos fatores positivos e negativos provenientes da implantação do sistema de gerenciamento RC&D. A empresa Y obteve a maior média geral, além de implantar a Metodologia Obra Limpa PE também adotou uma política de não geração de resíduos nos canteiros de obra

According to recent statistics the construction industry is responsible for the largest waste discharges of both dangerous and non-dangerous waste, when disregarding the "non-dangerous" amount of granite waste produced by the mining industry and the waste produced by the pulp and paper industry. Preventive work within waste management is an ongoing practice so to be able to reduce negative environmental effects. One of the most common actions for the companies to take is to separate the different kinds of waste from one another at the construction site. Although by working with the problem in earlier stages of the process a large amount of the waste could already have been reduced. Companies in the construction business that are actively working to decrease environmental impact in their operations often use an EMS (Environmental Management System). By using environmental management as method the company can manage their environmental work so that actions can be taken where they are needed the most. It may though be difficult to adapt the tool for a project-oriented organization such as a construction project. Which effect the environmental work will have does not depend on the fact that the company uses EMS, it depends on how they use it. ICA Real-estate Sweden AB is about to have a new "ICA Kvantum" store built in Avesta, the company has chosen to use an EMS in their environmental work in order to reduce their environmental impact. ICA Real-estate’s environmental review showed that a considerable environmental aspect was waste management in new constructions and rebuilding’s and as a result they have a new environmental goal for the year 2010. The goal was that they would conduct a pilot project within waste management which is currently realized through the construction of the ICA Kvantum store in Avesta. In order to specify how the environmental work should be done in the project and which environmental demands that have been demanded ICA Real-estates has established an environmental program that the entrepreneurs have received and will abide by. Based on the notion from ICA Real-estate concerning the fact that the contractor’s should have high-quality environmental work the company ByggPartner i Dalarna AB was granted the entire contract for the new ICA Kvantum store. ByggPartner also have their own agenda and goals for waste management in the project and are working towards fulfilling them through coordination and planning. The results presented from the investigation that have been done in this report shows that both companies has got many good factors in their environmental work but compared to contemporary research in the area there are still things that could be improved so that the environmental work will be even more successful. / Enligt statistik bidrar byggsektorn med mest farligt och icke-farligt avfall i Sverige, bortsett från ”ofarligt” gråberg från gruvindustrin och avfall från massa- och pappersindustrin. Det arbetas förebyggande med avfallshantering inom sektorn för att minska den negativa miljöpåverkan avfall utgör. Den vanligaste åtgärden företag utför är att källsortera på byggarbetsplatsen men en stor mängd av avfallet kan reduceras genom att arbeta med problemet i byggprocessens tidigare skeden. Majoriteten av företag inom byggbranschen som arbetar med att minska miljöbelastningen använder ett miljöledningssystem. Miljöledning är en metod där företagets miljöarbete styrs så åtgärder utförs där de är mest behövliga. En svårighet som finns inom branschen är att anpassa verktyget till projektorienterade organisationer som ett byggprojekt. Vilket resultat miljöarbetet får beror på hur företaget använder miljöledningssystemet inte att de använder verktyget. ICA Fastigheter Sverige AB skall låta uppföra en ICA Kvantumbutik i Avesta. Företaget använder ett miljöledningssystem i arbetet med minskning av verksamhetens miljöbelastning. ICA Fastigheters miljöutredning visade att en betydande miljöaspekt är avfallshantering vid nyproduktion och ombyggnader, därför sattes ett miljömål upp för 2010. Målet är att bedriva ett pilotprojekt inom avfallshantering vilket nu realiseras genom uppförandet av en ICA Kvantumbutik i Avesta. För att specificera hur miljöarbetet skall gå till i projektet och vilka miljökrav som ställs har ICA Fastigheter upprättat ett miljöprogram som entreprenören skall följa. Baserat på att entreprenören skall ha ett bra miljöarbete inom företaget erhöll ByggPartner i Dalarna AB totalentreprenaden för ICA Kvantumbutiken. ByggPartner har satt upp egna mål angående avfallshanteringen i projektet. Genom samordning och planering arbetar företaget för att uppnå dessa mål samt ICA Fastigheters krav. Resultatet av företagens miljöarbete som beskrivs i rapporten visar att båda företagen har flera bra faktorer i sitt miljöarbete. Jämfört mot forskning inom området finns det delar inom miljöarbetet hos ICA Fastigheter och ByggPartner som har förbättringspotential.

Öffentlich Private Partnerschaften (PPP) werden als Mittel zur Mobilisierung brach liegender Grundstücke thematisiert. Eine zentrale Rolle spielt der Begriff der „Initialbrachfläche“. Erfährt die Initialbrache einen öffentlichen Nutzungszweck mit Hilfe einer PPP, hat dies positive Auswirkungen auf benachbarte Brachen in einem definierten Umfeld. Am Beispiel des Chemnitztales mit seinem hohen Brachenbestand wurde ein PPP Projekt konzipiert. Es wird weiterhin eingegangen auf Aspekte privaten und privatwirtschaftlichen Engagements für Altstandorte und Brachen, z.B. unter dem Schlagwort Corporate Social Responsibility. Darüber hinaus wird die naturschutzrechtliche Eingriffsregelung angesprochen: Ausgleich für Flächeninanspruchnahme soll künftig verstärkt zugunsten der Renaturierung von Altstandorten erfolgen. Schließlich wird die technische Neuentwicklung eines Geokunststoff Gabions vorgestellt, bei dem Bauschutt aus Flächenrecyclingprojekten als Füllmaterial eingesetzt wird. Als Einsatzbereich des transportablen Geokunststoff Gabions wird ein mobiles Hochwasserschutzsystem skizziert.

This diploma thesis is divided into two parts, theoretical and practical. The is a review om the topic of recycled asphalt pavement and recycled concrete and their possible use in road construction in the theoretical part. The individual chapters deal with describing these materials, their production, and their use in construction layers of pavements. In the next chapters the attention is also paid to their problematic features and foreign experience using these materials in pavements. In the practical part, laboratory samples of recycled asphalt pavement and recycled concrete and their mixtures with cement are tested. The main purpose is to verify the applications of these mixtures of recycled asphalt pavement and recycled concrete in the bonded base layers of the pavement. Another purpose is to compare how these mixtures individual properties with different proportions of both components and different amounts of cement will be different. In the end, the two mixtures with the best properties was selected and the modulus of elasticity was experimentally determined for the possibility of replacing the currently used base layers and the economic evaluation of this design was made.

The master thesis dealing with problematic about durability of concrete, with use of recycled concrete and addition of silica additions. Predominant for resistance of concrete constructions is surface layer, through which aggressive gasses and liquids penetrate from surrounding environment. The most important indicator of concrete durability is ability of surface layer transmissions of aggressive substants. In experimental part will be defined the actual state of surface layer by normal testing methods. The transmissions of surface layer will be tested on concrete cubes. Tests for transmissions of air (method TORRENT), of water (method ISAT), of acid gases (dept of carbonation by quick test in 98% CO2) will be carried out and also strength tests. Assessment of positive or negative influence of additions and amount of cement on durability and mechanical properties of concrete will be discussed in conclusion.

Öffentlich Private Partnerschaften (PPP) werden als Mittel zur Mobilisierung brach liegender Grundstücke thematisiert. Eine zentrale Rolle spielt der Begriff der „Initialbrachfläche“. Erfährt die Initialbrache einen öffentlichen Nutzungszweck mit Hilfe einer PPP, hat dies positive Auswirkungen auf benachbarte Brachen in einem definierten Umfeld. Am Beispiel des Chemnitztales mit seinem hohen Brachenbestand wurde ein PPP Projekt konzipiert. Es wird weiterhin eingegangen auf Aspekte privaten und privatwirtschaftlichen Engagements für Altstandorte und Brachen, z.B. unter dem Schlagwort Corporate Social Responsibility. Darüber hinaus wird die naturschutzrechtliche Eingriffsregelung angesprochen: Ausgleich für Flächeninanspruchnahme soll künftig verstärkt zugunsten der Renaturierung von Altstandorten erfolgen. Schließlich wird die technische Neuentwicklung eines Geokunststoff Gabions vorgestellt, bei dem Bauschutt aus Flächenrecyclingprojekten als Füllmaterial eingesetzt wird. Als Einsatzbereich des transportablen Geokunststoff Gabions wird ein mobiles Hochwasserschutzsystem skizziert.