Property criminality and its prevention Bicycle theft in the context of general property criminality Abstract Property criminality is a very serious social pathological phenomenon. In the long run, it accounts for the largest share of total crime by far. Property offenses are the most numerous and also represent the largest amount of police work. Bicycle theft is a common property offense. This diploma thesis deals with both of these phenomena, considering the thefts of bicycles in the context of general property crime. Both phenomena are defined and evaluated in terms of statistical indicators. Here it mainly examines the state and dynamics of both phenomena. In the area of bicycle theft, there are additionally evaluated other statistical data such as theft detection, data on prosecuted persons and the proportion of repeat offenders in committing this type of offense. Subsequently, the causes of property crime are investigated and the causes of bicycle theft are evaluated. The socio-historical context is outlined and then the motives of the perpetrators to commit property offenses and specifically theft of bicycles are analyzed. Much of this thesis is aimed to criminal prevention. Firstly, the thesis describes the theoretical bases, which divide crime prevention in terms of content into social, situational...

Crime prevention Prevention specifics of cybercrime on social networks Abstract (EN): Criminality is the most serious social problem, and therefore it is necessary to prevent the crime and not merely punish it. Crime prevention aims at creating a better standard of human life in all its aspects with eliminating undesirable phenomena in society. Criminality adapts to the evolution of the society. The most dynamically developing form of crime is cybercrime. The subject of this thesis is to compile an up-to-date picture of crime prevention predominantly focusing on cybercrime. The thesis is conceptually divided into two parts, the first deals with crime and its prevention in general, while the other focuses on the specifics of cybercrime. The first part of the thesis briefly defines the relevant terms such as criminality, criminalization and decriminalization, criminogenic factors, relapse, criminology, penology, victimology, crime control, repression and prevention. It also systematizes crime prevention and focuses on the classification via the content or the target (social, situational and victimological), and via the addressees as well (primary, secondary and tertiary). It further notes the current focus of crime prevention, referring in particular to the Doha Declaration and other outcomes of the 13th...

Previous researchers have recommended that universities should be deemed very safe places. However, reports of crime have dominated the news, including shootings and mass murders at schools and universities. The issue of reality versus perception is of foremost importance when student safety is at stake. In this paper, the researcher presents the findings from unique data collected from university students related to situational crime prevention, fear of crime, self-protective behaviors, and perceptions of crime prevention programs to better understand the antecedent variables relating to crime prevention. / Includes bibliography. / Thesis (M.S.)--Florida Atlantic University, 2014. / FAU Electronic Theses and Dissertations Collection

The aim of this thesis is to provide an information about victimology, its history, on what issues this field of study focuses and what knowledge it provides. Then it is about analysis of whether and how it is possible to use this knowledge for the field of crime prevention and whether it is possible to take more effective preventive measures oriented at the crime victims and what they are. This thesis is divided to introduction, conclusion and six chapters. For introducing the topic into a wider context, the first chapter deals with criminology as the overarching theme of victimology and crime prevention. The second chapter focuses on the criminality, what role victims have in it and what are the possibilities of its control. It defines a concept of crime and its basic characteristics. There is a description of the deference between actual, registered and latent criminality, and what mostly causes its latency. The third chapter provides detailed interpretation of the victimology. The history of this field is briefly described. The principal victimological concepts are defined here, such as victimity, victimization and also crime victims, their typology and differences from the injured party. There are also mentioned the victimology studies and their significance. In conclusion of this chapter...

Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture; and, (M.C.P.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 1982. / MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND ROTCH. / Bibliography: leaves 100-107. / The thesis is a study of the security problems due to street crime in the Longwood Medical Area of Boston. The first part of the thesis defines the theories and practices of environmental security .planning, the urban design synoptic approach to crime prevention. The environment is examined in its totality -- the physical, social, economic, and psychological characteristics, all of which are considered. The synoptic approach incorporates some of the traditional forms of crime prevention: the punitive (minimally), corrective and mechanical approaches with emphasis on the spatial perspective and the utilization of physical design strategies to deter crime. A "crime analysis model" is developed which focuses on five components: the offender, the journey to crime, the target, natural surveillance and organized surveillance. The second part is the case study of the Longwood Medical Area (LMA) for which the crime analysis model forms the structure. The currently practiced monolithic approach to crime prevention which primarily restricts itself to the utilization of organized surveillance (private security guards) and limits itself to the defined geographical boundaries of the LMA is examined. This monlithic approach is aggravated by the lack of inter-institutional-community tensions all of which result in an unsatisfactory security planning strategy. The main recommendation of the thesis focuses on a basic conceptual change to a synoptic approach in the security planning of the Longwood Medical Area. A number of recommendations applying to specific situations are given. / by Miriam Gail Garmaise. / M.C.P. / M.S.

鑒於科技建警時代來臨，錄影監視系統運用範圍越來越廣泛，加上媒體大幅報導使用成效，導致新增議題持續不斷發生。本文先以預防犯罪角度探究錄影監視系統建置成因、運用及維護管理模式，取臺北市12個行政區2005年至2015年間各式刑案發生數，採竊盜案件發生數、強盜搶奪案件發生數及違反偽造文書印文案件發生數為被解釋變數，其中對照組為偽造文書印文案件發生數，監視器總數量為主要解釋變數，輔以守望相助組織、員警人數等與警政業務相關及多數犯罪實證研究文獻較常使用之解釋變數，從縱斷面及橫斷面的資料進行觀察，再透過「追蹤資料」（Panel Data）並運用「最小平方法」（Ordinary least squares,OLS）、固定效果模型及隨機效果模型進行資料分析，評估錄影監視系統數量配置上差異是否與刑案發生數有顯著關聯，藉以探討錄影監視系統建置數量多寡對於治安影響的程度。 研究發現，根據最小平方法的估計，監視器總數量與竊盜案件發生數呈負的顯著關聯，與強盜搶奪案件發生數及偽造文書印文案件發生數則無顯著關聯，顯示錄影監視系統僅對於特定類型刑案發生有犯罪預防效果，運用錄影監視系統雖然有利於破獲強盜搶奪案件，但在預防強盜搶奪案件發生效果並不顯著，同時驗證臺北市在錄影監視系統數量分配上並非僅以轄區人口數、土地面積及暴力、竊盜案件平均發生數為基礎。最後，本研究建議警政機關在錄影監視系統配置上應視影響刑案發生數之因素分配，如做整體預防犯罪決策應多考慮其他社會因子，在未來設置時，應適時變更宣導方向提高民眾治安滿意度，並針對系統設備有效管理維護，因時因地制宜，經由整合公私部門提高覆蓋率，以減少治安死角。 / In view of the coming of technical police age, the Closed-circuit television （CCTV） is applied more and more broadly. With the greatly reported effects by the press, new issues keep emerging. This article discovers the coming reasons, application and managed modes behind CCTV. We adopt the statics of the offense known to the police, larcenies, forceful taking and forgery from 2005 to 2015 among 12 districts in Taipei City as the dependent variable, the number of the forgery as the control group, and the number of monitors as the main response variable. We also take commonly used response variables in mutual help organizations, the number of the relevant police duties , and research papers of criminal evidence to observe the information vertically and horizontally , then conduct data analysis via Panel Data, Ordinary Least Squares （OLS）, Fixed Effect Model and Random Effect Model and estimate if there’s connection between the number of CCTV and criminal cases to see if the number of CCTV and has any impact on the public order. The research shows that the number of CCTV has significantly negative relevance with the larcenies, while forceful taking and forgery go opposite, according to the estimation of OLS. It shows that CCTV has positive influence on criminal prevention only to certain criminal cases. CCTV is benefit busting forceful taking, but not preventing it. Nevertheless, it proves that the distribution of CCTV in Taipei City isn’t just based on the district population, area, violence and the avg. number of force taking simultaneously. Finally, we suggest that Police Agency & Subordinate Branch allot CCTV depending on the factors of criminal cases. For example, considering more sociocultural factor when making decisions about criminal prevention and changing the ways of propaganda timely to improve the public order satisfaction. Furthermore, managing and maintaining system facilities effectively and change tactics as the situation and time demand to reduce the high crime rates by integrating public and private sectors and higher coverage.

<p>The study introduces and puts forward Sector Policing as a model to expand Community Policing and to broaden the scope of crime prevention. It also demonstrates how Sector Policing can be utilised to decentralise policing and deepen community participation.</p>

HTML clipboardThis study is about Homeowner’s architectural responses to crime in Dar es Salaam Tanzania: its impacts and implications to urban architecture, urban design and urban management. The study explores and examines the processes through which homeowners respond to crimes of burglary, home robbery and fear of it using architectural or physical elements. The processes are explored and examined using case study methodology in three cases in Dar es Salaam. The cases are residential areas of Mikocheni B, Ilala Kasulu and Chang’ombe Housing. The findings from the three cases are compared and the common findings are illuminated and discussed using criminology, economic and social theories and concepts. The results of the study show that, homeowners physically and architecturally modify their home environments for many reasons. Homeowners do so by building or erecting wall fences around their houses and install or barricade doors and windows using metal bars. From the study, the notable main reasons are security and protection from burglary, thefts, home robbery and visual and physical privacy. Others include property marking, disputes and misunderstandings between neighbours and property encroachment by neighbours. In the study, it has been established that, the actions by the homeowners in responding to crime of burglary, thievery and home robberies have impacts and implications on the built environment. The impacts are: affects the visual experience of the built form by limiting view to houses; keeps neighbours apart thus limiting social interaction among residents; segregating public spaces and thus making them empty without people; encroaching on the streets; reducing surveilability of streets and neighbouring dwellings; create the impression of ‘private appearance’ therefore stigmataizing the residential neighbourhoods, all of which increase the vulnerability of areas as well as enhancing the ‘subjective’ feeling of fear in the areas. Furthermore, the responses pose risks to residents when fire evacuation from homes is required, including the effects that affect the environmental comfort conditions of homes and the overall built environment. Despite of the impacts to the built environment as summarised in the foregoing, the study has shown that, homeowners still erect wall fences and barricade their homes due to fear arising from previous crimes. On the basis of the impacts, a new approach to planning of residential housing areas is recommended in which the question of security against crime is included as design factor particularly in urban design. Either an approach to architectural design of houses and the layout of houses that considers crime as an important factor in addition to ‘target hardening’ approach is recommended to increase visibility and surveilability of built environments. The study concludes by highlighting five implications to urban architecture, urban design and urban management at planning and architectural design, considerations which may be of impacts towards improving built environment and management of the urban residential arena. The study ends by outlining and recommending areas of further research. / QC 20100706

The primary objective of this thesis was to examine the relevance of intergovernmental decisions and western risk-focused social crime prevention to reducing youth crime within Chongqing, China. This involved a review of the existing literature that might be relevant to: (i) the current youth crime situation in the city of Chongqing, (ii) risk factors that might contribute to youth crime within Chongqing, (iii) the scientific evaluations of ‘evidence-based’ risk-focused crime prevention strategies for different age groups of youth, and (iv) implementation strategies for evidence-based innovations to reduce youth crime. Based on this knowledge, interviews with six key stakeholders of Chongqing were conducted for the purpose of obtaining initial perceptions regarding the utility and practicality of crime prevention through social development within Chongqing. Ultimately, this study demonstrates the preliminary relevance of western studies and action, recalls China’s endorsement of intergovernmental recommendations, and provides a foundation for further research.

Due to the popularization of Internet technologies in the last two decades, public attention has been directed to issues surrounding online sexual exploitation of minors in Canadian Newspapers. Specifically, newspaper articles have assisted in shaping public perceptions of the nature and scope of Internet child luring. A mixed quantitative/qualitative content analysis methodology is applied to the study’s four Canadian-based newspapers to examine how Internet child luring is constructed between the 1st of January, 2002 and December 31st, 2010. The study highlights the possible influences Canadian print media might have on the perceptions of parents and legal guardians regarding crime prevention and the dangers associated with Internet use by minors. Canadian print media has been instrumental in constructing the perception of Internet technology and its use by minors as harmful, intrusive, and unavoidable while designating parents and legal guardians as primary watchdogs of their children’s online behaviours. / UOIT