The aim of this research was to make recommendations how parents and educators can select and use audio-visual media for supporting learners with behavioural problems (LBP). A literature study was conducted on behavioural problems and on the use of audio-visual media to address these. Thereafter an empirical investigation was done by means of a case study design. A purposive sample was chosen from Grades 10 and 12 learners in Pietermaritzburg. Websites were also selected for addressing a variety of topics. The most important findings were that audio-visual media can be selected by means of five criteria related to content accuracy and appropriateness, diversity and quality. The findings indicate that visual media can stimulate cognitive skills (including problem solving and critical thinking) and reflection about the acceptance of responsibility, positive attitudes and respect for authority, among others. It is concluded that audio-visual media can be used by educators to support LBP. / Educational Studies / M.Ed. (Specialisation in Psychology of Education)

The aim of this diploma thesis is to devise general evaluation procedure of current accounts for associations and then to compare the theoretical results with the results of the questionnaire survey. The aim of the questionnaire survey is to find out what accounts the associations use and why. The theoretical part of this thesis is focused on the scientific discipline called multi-criteria decision making, its basic terminology, the methods of setting the criterions' weights and selected multi-criteria decision making methods. Finally, the associations are described according to valid legislation. In the practical part, selected accounts for specific clients are evaluated by using three multi-criteria decision making methods and the questionnaire survey is evaluated too. The conclusion is dedicated a comparison of the theoretical evaluation results with the questionnaire survey results and the author's own view of this issue. Familiarization of the author with the associations' activities during a personal meeting with them is the main benefit of this thesis for the author. The finding that the accounts of some of them are not as advantageous as they were before is the benefit for the associations. Some of them decided to visit their bank and change the account to the account recommended by the author.

O Governo Federal, com o PNLD (Programa Nacional do Livro Didático) propõe avaliar e distribuir livros didáticos para todas as escolas públicas de Ensino Fundamental brasileiras. Os critérios para esta avaliação, bem como sua logística, são refinados a cada edição do Programa. No entanto, o impacto e as reações causadas pelo PNLD a quem ele realmente se destina, são pouco estudados. O PNLD chega até as escolas sob a forma do Guia de Livros Didáticos, material que pretende ser fundamental à decisão dos títulos a serem requisitados ao MEC. O estudo do processo de escolha dos livros didáticos por professores de 1a a 4a séries é o objetivo deste trabalho. Buscamos conhecer os critérios utilizados pelos docentes na opção pela obra a ser adotada, as interferências internas e externas ao andamento do processo, as opiniões e sugestões ao PNLD. O trabalho visa contribuir com o PNLD na medida em que expõe o processo sob o olhar do professor. Procura subsidiar novas pesquisas, e produções editoriais. E visa, sobretudo, ao expressar as dificuldades, necessidades e desejos dos professores, colaborar com as mudanças necessárias para a melhoria da qualidade do ensino brasileiro.O trabalho desta pesquisa realizou-se de maneira paralela a uma pesquisa oficial do Ministério da Educação, cujo autor dessa dissertação auxiliou na coordenação, e procurou - com visitas a escolas e entrevistas com professores - estudar o processo de escolha dos livros in loco. Obtivemos como resultados, expressivos relatos de professores sobre este processo, mostrando a diversidade de critérios e condições para as escolhas. Constatou-se o pouco uso do Guia, o desconhecimento de importantes etapas do Programa. Conhecemos as deficiências estruturais do PNLD, as pressões exercidas pelas editoras e pelo poder público. Pretendemos, com o relato de sugestões e análise dos dados coletados, fornecer subsídios para o aprofundamento de estudos relacionados ao Programa Nacional do Livro Didático, contribuindo para sua eficiência. / The Brazilian Federal Government , with the PNLD ( National Textbook Program ) aims to evaluate and distribute textbooks to all public elementary schools. The criteria for this evaluation , as well as its logistics are refined at each edition of the Program. However , the impact and reactions caused by PNLD at whom he really intended , are poorly studied. PNLD arrives at schools by the Guide Textbook , material that purports to be fundamental to the decision of the securities to be bought by Ministry of Education. The study of the choice of textbooks by primary teachers is the aim of this Master´s work. We seek to know the criteria used by teachers in the choice of textbooks adopted , internal and external interference to the progress of the PNLD , the opinions and suggestions to PNLD. The work aims to contribute to the PNLD exposing the process under the gaze of the teacher. Aims to contribute to new researchs and editorial productions . And aims mainly express the difficulties , needs and wishes of teachers , collaborate with the necessary changes to improve the quality of brazilian schools. This research work was carried out in parallel to an official survey by the Ministry of Education , whose author of this master thesis helped coordinate , and searched - with school visit´s and interviews with teachers - study the process of choosing books spot. The results obtained shows the diversity of criteria and conditions for the choices . It found little use of the Guide , the lack of important steps in the Program . We know the structural deficiencies of PNLD pressures exerted by publishers and public authorities . We intend, with suggestions and analysis of collected data, provide support for deepening related to National Textbook Program studies, contributing to its efficiency .

O presente trabalho aborda o problema de localização de plataformas logísticas. Buscaram-se métodos de auxílio à tomada de decisão com enfoque multicritério. A essência da tomada de decisão multicritério é a escolha da melhor alternativa, a partir de um conjunto de alternativas competitivas que são avaliadas sob critérios conflitantes. Entre os métodos estudados, o Método de Análise Hierárquica (AHP), proposto inicialmente por Saaty (1971), foi selecionado como ferramenta de apoio à tomada de decisão. Ele permite considerar simultaneamente atributos quantitativos e qualitativos e, também, incorporar a experiência e a preferência dos tomadores de decisão. Foram ainda levantados os fatores determinantes para escolha de alternativas de localização para plataformas logísticas. O caso do ETSP (Entreposto Terminal São Paulo) da CEAGESP (Companhia de Entrepostos e Armazéns Gerais de São Paulo) foi objeto da aplicação do método selecionado. A análise do problema de localização do Entreposto da CEAGESP está restrita à Região Metropolitana de São Paulo. O software Expert Choice foi utilizado para a aplicação do AHP ao caso do CEAGESP. Após a discussão dos resultados, conclusões e recomendações são apresentadas. / This work deals with the facility location problems of logistics platforms, considering multi-criteria approaches for decision making. The essence of multi-criteria decision making is the choice of the best alternative, from a set of competitive alternatives, which are evaluated under conflicting criteria. Among the multi-criteria methods researched in the bibliography, the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), initially proposed by Saaty (1971), has been chosen and successfully applied to the case in consideration. This method allows to consider quantitative and qualitative measurable criteria and, also, to incorporate the experience and preference of the decision makers. Determinant factors for the choice of location alternatives for logistic platforms have been considered. The case of the ETSP (Entreposto Terminal São Paulo) of the CEAGESP (Companhia de Entrepostos e Armazéns Gerais de São Paulo) was object of application of the selected method. The Expert Choice software was used for the AHP application to the CEAGESP case. After discussion of the results, conclusions and recommendations from the application are presented.

O trabalho concentra-se sobre o critério do valor adicionado fiscal na repartição do ICMS, com o objetivo de verificar sua adequação como mecanismo de provisão de recursos financeiros a Municípios, no contexto do federalismo fiscal brasileiro. Mediante análise teórica, de dados de distribuição e legislação referente à repartição e ao ICMS, identificamos que o valor adicionado fiscal é gerador de enormes desigualdades de tratamento entre Municípios de porte equivalente e de oscilações brutais de valores de transferência de um para outro ano, mas, sobretudo, que é juridicamente inadequado à multiplicidade de locais de ocorrência de fatos geradores e a heterogeneidade do imposto que pretende repartir. Não atinge, assim, o propósito de medir a adição de valor em um território, nem o de conferir aos Municípios receitas em montante similar ao potencial de arrecadação de um imposto sobre valor adicionado municipal depurado dos efeitos de imunidades, isenções, diferimentos e substituições tributárias, que justificou sua criação. A permanência da utilização do critério do valor adicionado por décadas é apontada no trabalho como resultante de acomodações e ajustes institucionais, característicos de dependência de trajetória (path dependence), que, desrespeitando os limites jurídicos de regulamentação, disfarçam a inadequação do critério e perpetuam as desigualdades e instabilidades dele advindas. Justifica-se, assim, que atenções sejam voltadas à análise de alternativas à repartição do ICMS por outros meios que não o VAF e o aperfeiçoamento de seus mecanismos de regulação, caso permaneça sendo utilizado. / The Added Value Criteria (VAF) is used in Brazil for purposes of ICMS (A State tax on circulation of goods, communication and interstate and intercity transportation services) revenue sharing to cities. The data on how the VAT based tax sharing occurs shows that VAT is a source of inequalities in resource distribution to cities of equivalent population and oscillations in the amounts received by a given city along the years. Moreover and as the central hypothesis of this thesis, VAF, as defined in Brazilian legislation, is not suitable to the complexity of situations and places of occurrence of ICMS taxable events nor to the effects of ICMS on prices, being, thus, unable to measure the value added in each city territory and to protect the revenue sharing from the effects of ICMS exemptions, constitutional immunities, deferrals and tax substitutions. Being so, the VAT regulations, do not recreate the potential of a municipal VAT, falling short in accomplishing the purposes it was created for. In spite of its defects, VAT remains in use decades after its creation as a result of accommodations and institutional adjustments that can be explained by a path dependence trajectory that was, and still, is able to disguise its chronic inadequacies and to perpetuate the inequalities and instabilities arising out of such distribution criteria. Our conclusions on VAF justify the study of other alternatives for the ICMS revenue sharing, as well as attempts to improve the quality of VAT regulations.

The aim of this thesis is by using methods and practices of managerial decision-making process to choose suitable supplier and propose measures to reduce risk. The first section of the theoretical part deals with the different phases of the decision-making process. The second part is devoted to the procurement as one of the corporate functions. The practical part applies the managerial decision-making process on the current situation of a company producing fast moving consumer goods is looking for a new supplier of packaging material. Choice of supplier was performed by using a multi-criteria decision-making, first the decision criteria was defined, followed by a description of the alternatives and their consequences. Evaluation of the alternatives was based on the additive multi-criteria utility function, to determine the weights of the criteria was used method determining weights by preferential arrangements. From five potential vendors was recommended supplier A. The end of the practical part is devoted to proposals of measures to reduce the risk which company may face in the process of selection and also in the process of delivering of the material.

The aim of this thesis is to assess, whether the Czech Republic, Hungary and Poland are ready to adopt the euro. The thesis consists of three main parts. The first part describes the history of the European Monetary Union. The second part focuses on the development of Czech, Hungarian and Polish economy in the years after transformation to a market economy. The last part deals with the Maastricht Convergence Criteria and Real Convergence Criteria, whereas also attempts to assess their actual fulfillment in the Czech Republic, Hungary and Poland.

The diploma thesis deals with the multicriterial selection of the optimal variant of a appropriate airplane on short and medium haul routes. Here is a preview of airlines' strategies that indirectly enter the optimization tool. Further work describes the division of airlines into categories. The work at the end describes in more detail the optimization tool and the procedure for use.

The work deals with the safety of technological systems and can be divided into two main thematic units. The attention in the first theoretic unit is paid to aspects that affect the safety of technological systems during their technical life. It describes, together with elementary norms and acts solving the products safety, the most important principles for creating and analysing the safety. It clarifies the origin of company’s risk management, part of its quality management, mentions the faults in which products can be found and also describes the failures which have the biggest effect on these faults and of course on the safety too. Attention is further paid to the reliability analysis, as the tool that helps to create the products safety in the pre-manufacturing phase and also to technical diagnostic, as the tool to keep the safety in after-manufacturing phase. The second practical unit arithmetically analyses the safety of two high-voltage transformers. For that it was used the database of real operation numerical values that were gained during diagnostic investigations on these transformers. In addition it describes mentioned diagnostics methods and gives the new procedure for analyse of transformers’ safety by criteria matrix and weighted sum approach. The main contribution of the work can be considered the checkout and the evaluation of this procedure for use in elaboration of high-voltage transformers diagnostic values for analyzing their safety.

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