The internal combustion engine is still at the heart of the vast majority of vehicles manufactured worldwide today. For these applications reciprocating pistons are typically employed to convert the pressures generated by internal combustion into mechanical work required by the vehicle. Of the energy supplied to the engine as a whole approximately 17% is lost by means of mechanical friction. The piston ring - liner and piston skirt - liner conjunctions contribute approximately 30% of the overall friction losses in almost equal proportions. It is, therefore, important to note that reduction in piston assembly friction would have a significant effect on the fuel consumption and, therefore, performance of engines manufactured today. In order to reduce the effect of friction it is of critical importance that the model and predictions made alongside the design of engine components accurately represent the real incycle conditions encountered in practice. Much of the published research to date has excluded the effects of global thermo-elastic distortions on the lubrication of the piston skirt. In cases where this effect has been studied, it has been for relatively low engine speeds or loads on relatively stiff conjunctions. In motorsport applications the expected component lifespans are much shorter than in the usual OEM production vehicles. Reduction in component mass, particularly in reciprocating components has been at the centre of these recent gains. The effect of mass reduction coupled with the increased BMEP observed in high performance engines emphasises the importance of underlying mechanisms of lubrication. This thesis develops the modelling methodology for piston skirt-cylinder liner conjunction for the motorsport and high performance engine applications. It presents a multi-body, multiscale approach to the prediction of the lubrication conditions of the skirt-liner conjunction, incorporating realistic measured boundary conditions. It highlights the effect of inertial loading observed at high speeds in such applications. Using the methodology developed in this work, future improvements in friction may be accurately predicted though the use of the modular boundary and component contributions used throughout. Crucially though, the models created have been scrutinised and verified using instantaneous ultrasonic film thickness measurements non-invasively from the conjunction. One of the key findings of the thesis is that the component stiffness profiles have a significant effect on the dynamics of the piston assembly. The shape of the conjunction at a given instant, and thus the contact condition, is largely governed by the interaction between the themo-mechanical distortion of the contiguous solids, as well as changes in lubricant characteristic responses. The iso-viscous elastic mechanism of lubrication has been identified as being the dominant mechanism of lubrication.

We will consider the scenario of the co-rotation of a fluid star (in specific, a neutron star) and a black hole. The neutron star (or primary)is assumed to have constant angular velocity. The tidal effects on the primary are investigated. First, the centrally condensed approximation is applied, where both bodies are considered as point sources. In the second treatment, the primary is treated as an incompressible and homogeneous fluid mass, which in addition to its own gravity is subject to centrifugal and Coriolis forces, derived from fluid motions. The black hole (or secondary) is treated as a rigid sphere and can be regarded as a point mass. The equilibrium figure is derived. The problem is then adapted to include vorticity and a pseudo-Newtonian potential. The coalescence of neutron star - black hole binaries and their importance to gravitational wave detection is also discussed. / Mathematical Sciences / M. Sc. (Applied Mathematics)

Nous allons assister au cours de la prochaine décennie, à la première lumière des nouveaux Extremely Large Telescopes. Leur grande taille (de 25 à 39 m de diamètre) permet d’augmenter à la fois leur sensibilité et leur résolution angulaire. Cependant, la résolution angulaire d'un télescope terrestre, est toujours limitée par la turbulence atmosphérique. Pour pallier à ce problème, les grands télescopes sont désormais équipés d'instruments d’Optique Adaptative (OA). L’OA est une technique qui permet d’analyser les effets de la turbulence et de les compenser en temps réel à l’aide de miroirs déformables. En complément, la plupart des télescopes de la génération 8-10 m sont maintenant équipés de systèmes d’étoiles lasers qui permettent d’augmenter la proportion du ciel pouvant bénéficier d’une correction par OA: on parle alors d'Optique Adaptative Grand Champ (OAGC). Malgré les excellentes performances de ces systèmes, la correction apportée aux images reste partielle et des résidus de correction limitent encore leur qualité. Pour extraire les meilleurs résultats scientifiques des images issues de l'OAGC, il est donc essentiel d'optimiser les outils de réduction et d'analyse de données. La première partie de cette thèse détaille une analyse astrophysique de données OAGC ayant pour but d'étudier la formation des étoiles massives dans un environnement extra-galactique. Au delà des résultats scientifiques nouveaux, cette étude a permis de mettre en évidence les termes d'erreur limitant l'analyse scientifique de données OAGC. La seconde partie de cette thèse est dédiée au développement d'un nouvel outil de correction de la distorsion permettant de réduire ces termes d'erreurs. / The next decade will see the first light of the new Extremely Large Telescopes. Their large diameter (from 25 to 39 meters across), increases both their sensitivity and their angular resolution. However, angular resolution of all sizes ground-based telescope is always strongly limited by the atmospheric turbulence. To tackle this problem and fully exploit their capabilities, large optical telescopes are now indissociable of their Adaptive Optics (AO) instruments. AO is a technic that consists in analyzing the effects of turbulence on the wavefront and compensating for it in real time, thanks to one or several deformable mirrors in order to restore the initial angular resolution of optical telescopes. In addition, most of the 8-10 meters telescopes are supplied with laser guide stars systems in order to increase the portion of the sky that can benefit for such an AO correction. Such systems are called Wide Field AO (WFAO). However, despite the excellent performance of such systems, the correction performed is not perfect and some residuals still limit the image quality. In order to get the best science results out of the WFAO images, dedicated and optimized reduction and analyses tools are needed. The first part of this document present an astrophysics analyses of WFAO images aiming to study massive star formation in an extra-galactic environment. In addition to new science results, the study carried out on these observations has enable to highlight the critical parameters that limit the scientific analyses of Wide Field AO data. The second part of this document is dedicated to the development of a new distorsion correction tool that aims to reduce these error terms.

The aerodynamic integration of an aero-engine intake system with the airframe can pose some notable challenges. This is particularly so for many military air- craft and is likely to become a more pressing issue for both new military systems with highly embedded engines as well as for novel civil aircraft configurations. During the late 1960s with the advent of turbo-fan engines, industry became in- creasingly aware of issues which arise due to inlet total pressure distortion. Since then, inlet-engine compatibility assessments have become a key aspect of any new development. In addition to total temperature and total pressure distortions, flow angularity and the associated swirl distortion are also known to be of notable con- cern. The importance of developing a rigorous methodology to understand the effects of swirl distortion on turbo-machinery has also become one of the major concerns of current design programmes. The goal of this doctoral research was to further the current knowledge on swirl distortion, and its adverse effects on engine performance, focusing on the turbo-machinery components (i.e. fans or compressors). This was achieved by looking into appropriate swirl flow descriptors and by correlating them against the compressor performance parameters (e.g loss in stability pressure ratios). To that end, a number of high-fidelity three-dimensional Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) models have been developed using two sets of transonic rotors (i.e. NASA Rotor 67 and 37), and a stator (NASA Stator 67B). For the numerical purpose, a boundary condition methodology for the definition of swirl distortion patterns at the inlet has been developed. Various swirl distortion numerical parametric studies have been performed using the modelled rotor configurations. Two types of swirl distortion pattern were investigated in the research, i.e. the pure bulk swirl and the tightly-wound vortex. Numerical simulations suggested that the vortex core location, polarity, size and strength greatly affect the compressor performance. The bulk swirl simula- tions also showed the dependency on swirl strength and polarity. This empha- sized the importance of quantifying these swirl components in the flow distortion descriptors. For this, a methodology have been developed for the inlet-engine compatibility assessment using different types of flow descriptors. A number of correlations have been proposed for the two types of swirl distortion investigated in the study.

Ce travail concerne la linéarisation des amplificateurs de haute puissance en utilisant la pré-distorsion numérique. L’amplificateur de haute puissance est un composant non-linéaire. La pré-distorsion numérique adaptative en bande de base est un technique efficace pour linéariser ses non-linéarités et ses effets de mémoire. Les modèles de la pré-distorsion numérique de basse complexité sont étudiés dans cette thèse. Un algorithme est proposé pour déterminer une structure optimale de modèle uni-étage ou multi-étage en prenant compte du compromis entre la précision de modélisation et la complexité. La structure cascadée, qui est avantageuse en complexité comparé avec celle d'uni-étage, est étudiée avec des méthodes d'identifications différentes. En termes d'implémentations expérimentales, l'étude d'impact des choix de gain différents est approfondie dans cette thèse. Toutes les études ont été évaluées par un amplificateur de puissance Doherty / This dissertation contributes to the linearization techniques of high power amplifier using digital predistortion method. High power amplifier is one of the most nonlinear components in radio transmitters. Unfortunately, for most current types of power amplifiers, a good efficiency is obtained at the price of a poor linearity especially with modern communication waveforms. Baseband adaptive digital predistortion is a powerful technique to linearize the power amplifiers and allows to push the power amplifier operation point towards its high efficiency region. Linearization of power amplifiers using digital predistortion with low complexities is the focus of this dissertation. An algorithm is proposed to determine an optimal model structure of single-stage or multi-stage predistorter according to a trade-off between modeling accuracy and model complexity. Multi-stage cascaded digital predistortions are studied with different identification methods, which have advantages on complexity of model identification compared with single-stage structure. The linearization performances are validated by experimental implementations on test bench. In terms of experimental implementations, this dissertation studies the impact of different gain choices on linearized power amplifier. All studies are evaluated with a Doherty power amplifier

As tensões residuais podem atuar de forma benéfica ou maléfica no desempenho dos componentes mecânicos. Elas representam um dos principais potenciais para o aparecimento de distorções, empenamentos e mudanças dimensionais em componentes mecânicos durante o processo de manufatura. Por estes motivos a determinação da distribuição e o controle destas tensões residuais em cada etapa do processo de manufatura são de grande importância. Neste trabalho, foram realizadas análises da variação das tensões residuais em barras trefiladas de aço AISI 1048 em decorrência do processo de fabricação. As barras foram retiradas de quatro diferentes etapas do processo de trefilação combinada guardando-se a orientação inicial do fio-máquina, sendo elas: pré-endireitada, jateada, trefilada (com ângulos de 15°, 16°, 18° e 20°), endireitada e polida por rolos cruzados (PTN) (com ângulos de 15°, 16° e 18°). Estas barras foram ensaiadas através do método do furo cego (hole-drilling), método da deflexão (slitting) e difração de raios-X. Os ensaios foram realizados até uma profundidade de 1 mm para o método do furo cego e chegando até profundidades de 5,6mm para a técnica de difração de raios-X com remoção de camadas em diferentes posições periféricas para caracterizar heterogeneidades impostas pelo processo. A partir dos valores de deformações obtidos, foram calculadas as tensões residuais nas direções longitudinais e tangenciais para cada posição ensaiada. Com este trabalho foi obtida uma visão completa do desenvolvimento de tensões na região superficial da barra após as etapas do processo e assim foram determinadas quais etapas do processo tem maior influência no produto final (barras trefiladas). Após o préendireitamento as tensões são compressivas, aumentando seu nível após o jateamento. Na saída da trefilação as tensões mudam para trativas e após o endireitamento final (PTN) tornam-se menos trativas ou compressivas dependendo do ângulo de endireitamento (PTN) e o ângulo de fieira utilizado. A partir deste estudo foram propostas mudanças nos ângulos de ferramenta (fieira) e também nos rolos de polimento e endireitamento final, objetivando-se um produto final com tensões residuais mais favoráveis a processos subseqüentes de manufatura. Outro aspecto importante verificado é a variação das tensões residuais em relação à posição periférica: diferenças de até 200MPa foram verificadas até antes da etapa de endireitamento final PTN, após a qual as diferenças são reduzidas a quase zero. / The residual stresses can affect positively or negatively the behavior of mechanical components. These residual stresses also represent one of the main potentials for distortion (i.e. bending and dimensional changes) in mechanical components during the manufacturing. Therefore the determination of the distribution and the control of these residual stresses in each stage of the manufacturing process are of great importance. In this work the variation of residual stresses in cold-drawing of AISI 1048 steel bars due to the production process was analyzed. Samples were taken from five different stages of the process of combined cold-drawing with special care to keep the information about initial orientation. The process steps from where samples were taken were: pre-straightening, shot-blasting, drawing, straightening and polishing in crossed rolls (PTN) with angles of 16° and 18°. The determination of residual stresses was accomplished by the hole drilling method. The measurements were done until a depth of 1 mm in different angular positions on the periphery to characterize heterogeneities imposed by the process. Starting with the obtained strains, the residual stresses were calculated in the longitudinal and tangential directions for each measurement position. With this work a global view of the developed stresses in the surface of the bar after each process stage was obtained. After the pre-straightening the residual stresses are compressive, and increase their level after the shot blasting, at the end of drawing the residual stresses change for tensile and after the polishing with crossed rolls (PTN) they become less tensile or slightly compressive depending on the PTN - angle and draw angle used. Based on this study, changes were proposed in the tool (draw) angles and also in the PTN, being aimed at a final product with more favorable residual stresses to subsequent manufacturing operations. Another verified important aspect is the variation of the residual stresses in relation to the peripheral position: differences of up to 200MPa were verified before the stage of polishing in crossed rolls (PTN), after which the differences are almost reduced to nearly zero.

Apresenta-se uma formulação de adaptação de malha para problemas com grandes deformações. A formulação Arbitrária Lagrangeana-Euleraina (ALE) permite manter a qualidade dos elementos finitos durante o processo de cálculo através de rearranjo ou movimento de malha independente do movimento material. Nas formulações Lagrangeanas a malha fica “colada” ao corpo durante toda a análise, logo quando este sofre grandes deformações diferenciais o mesmo se reproduz numa malha distorcida. A formulação ALE desacoplada consta de dois passos: O passo Lagrangeano onde são aplicados os incrementos de carga, a malha permanece “colada” à matéria durante a análise. E cada certo “tempo” o passo Euleriano onde “descola-se” a malha da matéria e efetua-se o movimento de malha que se ajusta melhor ao corpo deformado. São apresentados assim métodos de realocação da malha e transferência ou atualização das variáveis necessárias para, depois do passo Euleriano, continuar a análise com a nova malha sem grandes distorções dos elementos. Os problemas de grandes deformações e deslocamentos são acompanhados de não linearidades físicas e geométricas, assim, são abordados os métodos para o tratamento destas não linearidades. Trabalha-se com o elemento hexaédrico tri-linear com integração reduzida e controle dos modos espúrios que tem demostrado um bom comportamento frente a grandes não linearidades geométricas assim como para as não linearidades físicas. A formulação ALE tem ganhando seu espaço na mecânica dos sólidos, em problemas de conformação mecânica e impacto, devido às grandes deformações e na última década está abrindo-se passo na área da geomecânica tratando problemas recalque e penetração de fundações em solos. / This work presents remeshing techniques for finite element simulation and investigates their performance for large deformation problems. Lagrangian formulation generally results in excessive mesh distortion owing to its attachment to the material. Meanwhile, the Lagrangian- Eulerian (ALE) formulation alouds to keep the finite element quality through the arbitrarily rearrangement or movement of the mesh, to optimize the element’s shape. The decoupled Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian approach consists in a sequence of Lagrangian and Eulerian steps. The mesh is “coupled” to the material during the Lagrangian steps. From step to step, mesh is decoupled from the system material (Eulerian step), the nodes corresponding to free boundaries are relocated using an analytical approach, remeshing is performed and finally the state variables are remapped. Rearrangements methods for the element’s node are presented, as well as the variables remapping algorithms at the new quadrature points, in order to continue with the finite element analysis without altering the element topology of the original mesh. Special attention is given to methods dealing with geometric and physical nonlinearities. A trilinear hexahedral element is used with reduced integration and hourglass control. This combination has shown well behavior in front of large geometric and physical nonlinearities. ALE formulation field has considerably grown in geotechnical research, especially in impact and mechanical extrusion problems. Over the last decade, geomechanic is dealing with settlement problems and foundation penetration in soils.

Dans cette thèse, nous discutons du stress, de l'incertitude et de la multimodalité des mesures de risque en accordant une attention particulière à deux parties. Les résultats ont une influence directe sur le calcul du capital économique et réglementaire des banques. Tout d'abord, nous fournissons une nouvelle mesure de risque - la VaR du stress du spectre (SSVaR) - pour quantifier et intégrer l'incertitude de la valeur à risque. C'est un modèle de mise en œuvre de la VaR stressée proposée par Bâle III. La SSVaR est basée sur l'intervalle de confiance de la VaR. Nous étudions la distribution asymptotique de la statistique de l'ordre, qui est un estimateur non paramétrique de la VaR, afin de construire l'intervalle de confiance. Deux intervalles de confiance sont obtenus soit par le résultat gaussien asymptotique, soit par l'approche saddlepoint. Nous les comparons avec l'intervalle de confiance en bootstrapping par des simulations, montrant que l'intervalle de confiance construit à partir de l'approche saddlepoint est robuste pour différentes tailles d'échantillons, distributions sous-jacentes et niveaux de confiance. Les applications de test de stress utilisant SSVaR sont effectuées avec des rendements historiques de l'indice boursier lors d'une crise financière, pour identifier les violations potentielles de la VaR pendant les périodes de turbulences sur les marchés financiers. Deuxièmement, nous étudions l'impact de la multimodalité des distributions sur les calculs de la VaR et de l'ES. Les distributions de probabilité unimodales ont été largement utilisées pour le calcul paramétrique de la VaR par les investisseurs, les gestionnaires de risques et les régulateurs. Cependant, les données financières peuvent être caractérisées par des distributions ayant plus d'un mode. Avec ces données nous montrons que les distributions multimodales peuvent surpasser la distribution unimodale au sens de la qualité de l'ajustement. Deux catégories de distributions multimodales sont considérées: la famille de Cobb et la famille Distortion. Nous développons un algorithme d'échantillonnage de rejet adapté, permettant de générer efficacement des échantillons aléatoires à partir de la fonction de densité de probabilité de la famille de Cobb. Pour une étude empirique, deux ensembles de données sont considérés: un ensemble de données quotidiennes concernant le risque opérationnel et un scénario de trois mois de rendement du portefeuille de marché construit avec cinq minutes de données intraday. Avec un éventail complet de niveaux de confiance, la VaR et l'ES à la fois des distributions unimodales et des distributions multimodales sont calculés. Nous analysons les résultats pour voir l'intérêt d'utiliser la distribution multimodale au lieu de la distribution unimodale en pratique. / In this thesis, we focus on discussing the stress, uncertainty and multimodality of risk measures with special attention on two parts. The results have direct influence on the computation of bank economic and regulatory capital. First, we provide a novel risk measure - the Spectrum Stress VaR (SSVaR) - to quantify and integrate the uncertainty of the Value-at-Risk. It is an implementation model of stressed VaR proposed in Basel III. The SSVaR is based on the confidence interval of the VaR. We investigate the asymptotic distribution of the order statistic, which is a nonparametric estimator of the VaR, in order to build the confidence interval. Two confidence intervals are derived from either the asymptotic Gaussian result, or the saddlepoint approach. We compare them with the bootstrapping confidence interval by simulations, showing that the confidence interval built from the saddlepoint approach is robust for different sample sizes, underlying distributions and confidence levels. Stress testing applications using SSVaR are performed with historical stock index returns during financial crisis, for identifying potential violations of the VaR during turmoil periods on financial markets. Second, we investigate the impact of multimodality of distributions on VaR and ES calculations. Unimodal probability distributions have been widely used for parametric VaR computation by investors, risk managers and regulators. However, financial data may be characterized by distributions having more than one modes. For these data, we show that multimodal distributions may outperform unimodal distribution in the sense of goodness-of-fit. Two classes of multimodal distributions are considered: Cobb's family and Distortion family. We develop an adapted rejection sampling algorithm, permitting to generate random samples efficiently from the probability density function of Cobb's family. For empirical study, two data sets are considered: a daily data set concerning operational risk and a three month scenario of market portfolio return built with five minutes intraday data. With a complete spectrum of confidence levels, the VaR and the ES from both unimodal distributions and multimodal distributions are calculated. We analyze the results to see the interest of using multimodal distribution instead of unimodal distribution in practice.

As tensões residuais podem atuar de forma benéfica ou maléfica no desempenho dos componentes mecânicos. Elas representam um dos principais potenciais para o aparecimento de distorções, empenamentos e mudanças dimensionais em componentes mecânicos durante o processo de manufatura. Por estes motivos a determinação da distribuição e o controle destas tensões residuais em cada etapa do processo de manufatura são de grande importância. Neste trabalho, foram realizadas análises da variação das tensões residuais em barras trefiladas de aço AISI 1048 em decorrência do processo de fabricação. As barras foram retiradas de quatro diferentes etapas do processo de trefilação combinada guardando-se a orientação inicial do fio-máquina, sendo elas: pré-endireitada, jateada, trefilada (com ângulos de 15°, 16°, 18° e 20°), endireitada e polida por rolos cruzados (PTN) (com ângulos de 15°, 16° e 18°). Estas barras foram ensaiadas através do método do furo cego (hole-drilling), método da deflexão (slitting) e difração de raios-X. Os ensaios foram realizados até uma profundidade de 1 mm para o método do furo cego e chegando até profundidades de 5,6mm para a técnica de difração de raios-X com remoção de camadas em diferentes posições periféricas para caracterizar heterogeneidades impostas pelo processo. A partir dos valores de deformações obtidos, foram calculadas as tensões residuais nas direções longitudinais e tangenciais para cada posição ensaiada. Com este trabalho foi obtida uma visão completa do desenvolvimento de tensões na região superficial da barra após as etapas do processo e assim foram determinadas quais etapas do processo tem maior influência no produto final (barras trefiladas). Após o préendireitamento as tensões são compressivas, aumentando seu nível após o jateamento. Na saída da trefilação as tensões mudam para trativas e após o endireitamento final (PTN) tornam-se menos trativas ou compressivas dependendo do ângulo de endireitamento (PTN) e o ângulo de fieira utilizado. A partir deste estudo foram propostas mudanças nos ângulos de ferramenta (fieira) e também nos rolos de polimento e endireitamento final, objetivando-se um produto final com tensões residuais mais favoráveis a processos subseqüentes de manufatura. Outro aspecto importante verificado é a variação das tensões residuais em relação à posição periférica: diferenças de até 200MPa foram verificadas até antes da etapa de endireitamento final PTN, após a qual as diferenças são reduzidas a quase zero. / The residual stresses can affect positively or negatively the behavior of mechanical components. These residual stresses also represent one of the main potentials for distortion (i.e. bending and dimensional changes) in mechanical components during the manufacturing. Therefore the determination of the distribution and the control of these residual stresses in each stage of the manufacturing process are of great importance. In this work the variation of residual stresses in cold-drawing of AISI 1048 steel bars due to the production process was analyzed. Samples were taken from five different stages of the process of combined cold-drawing with special care to keep the information about initial orientation. The process steps from where samples were taken were: pre-straightening, shot-blasting, drawing, straightening and polishing in crossed rolls (PTN) with angles of 16° and 18°. The determination of residual stresses was accomplished by the hole drilling method. The measurements were done until a depth of 1 mm in different angular positions on the periphery to characterize heterogeneities imposed by the process. Starting with the obtained strains, the residual stresses were calculated in the longitudinal and tangential directions for each measurement position. With this work a global view of the developed stresses in the surface of the bar after each process stage was obtained. After the pre-straightening the residual stresses are compressive, and increase their level after the shot blasting, at the end of drawing the residual stresses change for tensile and after the polishing with crossed rolls (PTN) they become less tensile or slightly compressive depending on the PTN - angle and draw angle used. Based on this study, changes were proposed in the tool (draw) angles and also in the PTN, being aimed at a final product with more favorable residual stresses to subsequent manufacturing operations. Another verified important aspect is the variation of the residual stresses in relation to the peripheral position: differences of up to 200MPa were verified before the stage of polishing in crossed rolls (PTN), after which the differences are almost reduced to nearly zero.

Submitted by FABRICIO MESQUITA DE ARO null (farotransmidia@gmail.com) on 2016-12-14T14:39:43Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Distorções-Elásticas-no-Cinema-Digital-de-Alexandr-Sokurov.pdf: 4048829 bytes, checksum: 607a1b260496bee0c99b0555423dc805 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Felipe Augusto Arakaki (arakaki@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2016-12-19T17:36:29Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 aro_fm_me_bauru.pdf: 4048829 bytes, checksum: 607a1b260496bee0c99b0555423dc805 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-19T17:36:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 aro_fm_me_bauru.pdf: 4048829 bytes, checksum: 607a1b260496bee0c99b0555423dc805 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-10-27 / O presente trabalho pretende elucidar os mecanismos que negaram a perspectiva linear por meio da distorção da imagem no cinema de Alexandr Sokurov. A partir da teoria da Dobra de Deleuze e dos preceitos da Perspectiva Inversa de Pável Floriênski, serão analisadas obras pictóricas, que vão do Barroco, passando pela Bauhaus, chegando até Francis Bacon. Tais obras entrarão em sintonia com a filmografia de Sokurov utilizando o termo da “distorção elástica”, pressupondo um deslocamento não-espacial e temporal-não-linear através da análise fílmica e estética das obras. A adaptação de Fausto de Goethe realizada pelo cineasta russo em 2012, será o elemento condutor ao elucidar o trânsito imagético do suporte analógico para o digital e suas potencialidades estéticas de subversão à perspectiva linear. / The present work intends to elucidate the mechanisms that denied the linear perspective inherited from Ancient Greece and emphasized in the Renaissance period, to undergo the process of distortion of this mechanism of representation. From the theory of Deleuze's Dobra and the precepts of the Inverse Perspective of Pável Floriênski, will be analyzed pictorial works, ranging from the Baroque, passing by the Bauhaus, reaching Francis Bacon. Such works will be in tune with the filmmaking of the Russian filmmaker Alexandr Sokurov using the term "elastic distortion", presupposing a non-spatial and non-linear displacement through the filmic and aesthetic analysis of works. Goethe's Faust's adaptation by the Russian filmmaker in 2012 will be the driving element in elucidating the imaginary transit from analog to digital support and its aesthetic potential from subversion to linear perspective.