Since the 1970s, the work of Los Angeles-based artist Paul McCarthy (b. 1945) has included live performance, video, sculpture, kinetic tableaux, and installation. Tracing the development of McCarthy’s work between 1974 and 2013, I undertake a critical discussion of the development of performance in relation to visual art practices. Using one artist’s work as a guide through a number of key discussions in the history of performance art, I argue that performance has influenced every aspect of McCarthy’s artistic practice, and continues to inform critical readings of his work. My thesis follows the trajectory of McCarthy’s performance practice as it has developed through different contexts. I begin with the early documentation and dissemination of performance in the Los Angeles-based magazine High Performance (1978-83), which established a context for the reception of performance art, and for McCarthy’s early work. I then examine specific examples of McCarthy’s practice in relation to his critical reception: live performances and videos from the 1970s are discussed alongside critical readings of his work influenced by psychoanalysis; and the wider public recognition of McCarthy’s object-based art in the 1980s and early 1990s. I then look more broadly at the recent trend of re-enacting historical performances in the Getty’s Pacific Standard Time project (2011-12), as a mode of engaging with performance history and exploring how histories of ephemeral art are re-iterated over time. Finally, I discuss a number of McCarthy’s recent exhibitions and installations that mobilises a wider consideration of the histories of performance and ephemeral practices in art institutions. McCarthy’s work is firmly established in the art world, and I argue that his work also provides a significant touchstone for histories of performance. I look historically at how McCarthy’s work has been documented, disseminated, curated, and re-performed, and open wider discussions about ways of engaging with performance history. In turn, I complicate the relationship between performance and the art world; between ephemeral art and object-based art practices; and between scholarly engagements with performance history, and the public presentation of performance in curatorial practices and institutional contexts.

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2016-09-28T17:29:46Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Maria Augusta da Silveira Mitre.pdf: 2814995 bytes, checksum: a60da22a0e4a060dfc5cbd4ee2b71b65 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-28T17:29:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Maria Augusta da Silveira Mitre.pdf: 2814995 bytes, checksum: a60da22a0e4a060dfc5cbd4ee2b71b65 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-06-30 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / This study focuses on the fashion transformations in contemporary times, and more specifically on the fashion cycles. In particular, it assess the hypothesis that the cycles are shortened to the extreme and are no longer closing, establishing a coexistence of styles. Based on the thought of Gilles Lipovetsky, this study also shows that the classical concept of fashion no longer covers all the settings that comprise the modern phenomenon. The choice of this author is due to the greater complexity of his ideas compared to previous theories, and in particular, because of his vision of fashion. This study also draws from the classic reflections of Walter Benjamin on the relationship between fashion and cultural industry in modernity, which is also based on the idea of transience. The concepts of "urban tribes" and “supermarket of style " by Ted Polhemus are also employed. The corpus of this work is embodied in seven panels composed by a selection of Vogue America covers along six decades, from 1950 to 2000. The magazine was chosen because it is a widely distributed vehicle both in the country of origin, the United States, center of contemporary fashion, as in the rest of the world, with regionalized versions, which are available on the Vogue Archive since its first edition in the year of 1892. The documentation provided by Vogue America enables the empirical identification of the main features of contemporary fashion and of its cycles. The methodology is bibliographical and documentary research / O presente estudo debruça-se sobre as transformações da moda na contemporaneidade, detendo-se sobre a questão específica de seus ciclos. Em particular, busca-se verificar a hipótese de que os ciclos se encurtaram ao extremo e já não mais se fecham, estabelecendo uma convivência de estilos. Nesse sentido, e trabalhando principalmente à luz do pensamento de Gilles Lipovetsky, pretende-se mostrar ainda que o conceito clássico de moda já não abarca todas as definições que o fenômeno moderno compreende. A escolha deste autor liga-se à maior complexidade de suas teses em relação àquelas de teóricos anteriores e, notadamente, a sua visão do “efêmero”, tanto mais que é suscetível de ser referida às clássicas reflexões de Walter Benjamin sobre as relações entre moda e indústria cultural na modernidade, também centradas na ideia de efemeridade. Por oportuno, invocamos ainda os conceitos de “tribos urbanas” e de “supermercado de estilos” de Ted Polhemus. O corpus do trabalho materializa-se em sete painéis compostos por uma seleção de capas de Vogue America que recobrem seis décadas, num lapso de tempo que vai de 1950 a 2000. A revista foi escolhida por ser um veículo de ampla distribuição tanto no país de origem, Estados Unidos, o centro nervoso da moda contemporânea, quanto no restante do mundo, com versões regionalizadas, além de oferecer, através do Vogue Archive, todas as edições da revista digitalizadas desde seu lançamento em 1892. A documentação oferecida pela Vogue America possibilita a identificação das características que a moda contemporânea apresenta e sua relação com os ciclos, oferecendo resultados empíricos para a aferição dos mesmos. A metodologia adotada é a pesquisa bibliográfica e documental

Este é um estudo sobre o desenvolvimento e a prática de arte voltada para questões ambientais, cujo objeto de arte possa ser o próprio ambiente, por meio de ações ou intervenções em espaços públicos ou privados, construções de objetos de arte com utilização de materiais não convencionais, com proposta de foco ou crítica a questões ambientais. A pesquisa estabeleceu investir em um levantamento de artistas cuja poética se envolva com o meio ambiente, como um exercício de crítica de arte. Escolhi os artistas Brígida Baltar, Andy Goldsworthy e Carlos Vergara pelas poéticas. A análise da pesquisa caracterizou-se por um levantamento das principais características das obras escolhidas, as analogias estabelecidas entre a proximidade e as singularidades da poética de cada artista/obra analisadas com o meio ambiente. Considero que a crise ambiental pela qual passa o planeta pede uma nova postura dos artistas, uma necessidade de estar aberto às possibilidades de um fazer artístico junto ao meio ambiente natural, um fazer crítico, consoante com os novos tempos, reafirmando-se na função social da arte. / This is a study on the development and practice of art focused on environmental issues, whose object of art may be the environment itself, through actions or interventions in public or private spaces, construction of art objects using unconventional materials, including proposals of focus or critical environmental issues. The research established to invest in a survey of artists whose poetic engages with the environment, as an exercise in art criticism. I chose the artists Brígida Baltar, Andy Goldsworthy and Carlos Vergara by poetic. The research analysis was characterized by a survey of the main characteristics of the chosen works, the analogies made between the proximity of the poetic and the singularities of each artist / work analyzed with the environment. I believe that the environmental crisis in which the planet is a new approach calls for artists, one need to be open to the possibilities of an artwork with the natural environment, to do with a criticism way, according to the new times, reinforcing its position in the function social of art.

We present WASP (World-friendly Active packets for ephemeral State Processing), a novel active networks architecture that enables ephemeral storage of information on routers in order to ease distributed application synchronisation and co-operation. We aimed at a design compatible with modern routers hardware and with network operators' goals. Our solution has to scale with the number of interfaces of the device and to support throughput of several Gbps. Throughout this thesis we searched for the best trade-off between features (platform exibility) and guarantees (platform safety), with as little performance sacri ce as possible. We picked the Ephemeral State Processing (ESP) router, developed by K. Calvert's team at University of Kentucky, as a starting point and extended it with our own virtual processor (VPU) to offer higher exibility to the network programmer. The VPU is a minimalist bytecode interpreter that manipulates the content of the "ephemeral state store" of the router according to a microprogram present in packets. It ultimately allows the microprogram to drop or forward the packet on any router, acting as remotely programmable filters around unmodified IP routing cores. We developed two implementations of WASP: a "reference" module for the Linux kernel, and, based on that prototype experience, a WASP filter application for the IXP2400 network processor that proves feasibility of our platform at higher speed. We extensively tested those two implementations against their ESP counterpart in order to estimate the overhead of our approach. High speed tests on the IXP were also performed to ensure WASP's robustness, and were actually rich in lessons for future development on programmable network devices. The nature of WASP makes it a platform of choice to detect properties of the network along a given path. Thanks to per-flow variables (even if ephemeral) and its ability to sustain custom processing at wire-speed, we can for instance implement lightweight measurement of QoS parameters or enforce application-specific congestion control. We have however opted -- in the context of this thesis -- for a focus on another use of the platform: using the ephemeral state to advertise and detect members of distributed applications (e.g. grid computing or peer-to-peer systems) in a purely decentralised way. To evaluate the benefits of this approach, we propose a model of a peer-to-peer community where peers try and join former neighbours, and we show through simulations how efficiency and quality of user experience evolve with the presence of more WASP routers in the network.

Seven streams, one of them permanent, were studied in western Oregon, USA. The research was designed to assess the value of summer-dry headwaters for conservation oriented landscape management. Streams were categorized primarily according to exposure (forest versus meadow sites) and secondarily according to flow duration (ephemeral = short-flow versus temporary = long-flow sites). Ephemeral streams have discontinuous flow and last less than three months annually. Temporary streams have continuous flow for more than five months each season. Ephemeral forest streams were highly efficient at filtering road-generated sediment. Uptake lengths for suspended sediment were short (36 m-105 m) at moderately elevated input concentrations. As a result of the filtration mechanism, filtration efficiency is expected to increase as annual flow duration decreases. Injection experiments yielded nitrate uptake rates of almost 1% per m of temporary stream channel. Exchange with subsurface flow was the most important route for nitrate removal from the water column. Biological uptake was insignificant in a light-limited forest stream, whereas a considerable amount of nitrate was retained by the biota a nutrient-limited meadow channel. At least 207 insect species were collected from the summer-dry streams. Species richness recorded from temporary forest streams exceeded that in an adjacent permanent headwater and there was high overlap between the fauna of the permanent and the temporary streams. Species richness in ephemeral channels was only 1/4 to 1/3 of that in long-flow forest streams. Multivariate analysis of community structure revealed flow duration and microhabitat pattern (riffle-pool) as the most important environmental factors determining faunal composition in temporary forest streams. Summer drought conditions at the sample sites also were important. By providing habitat and contributing to water quality in permanent downstream reaches, summer-dry streams have the potential to serve multiple purposes in conservation management. Their value from a conservation perspective is unexpectedly high. Landscape management therefore should be directed toward the preservation and protection of ephemeral and temporary streams. / Graduation date: 1993

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No description available.

Salamanders are critical components of forest ecosystems, in terms of total biomass, as well as for their value as indicators of ecosystem stress. Considering the worldwide decline in amphibian populations, the known effects of timber harvest on salamander populations, and the importance of the forest products industry in Kentucky and elsewhere, the impacts of silvicultural operations on salamander communities cannot be overlooked. The objective was to investigate the effects of three different silvicultural treatments, each involving different streamside management zone (SMZ) characteristics, on salamander communities in ephemeral streams. Data were collected by regular checks of pitfall traps, coverboards, and transect searches. Using both pre- and post-harvest data, abundance estimates were acquired using binomial mixture models. Declines in some species of terrestrial and stream-breeding salamanders were detected, and were shown to be likely related to characteristics of the corresponding silvicultural treatment. Applying modest SMZ regulations to ephemeral streams would likely alleviate these declines significantly.

Stress can be a driving force for new evolutionary changes leading to local adaptation, or may be responded to with pre-existing, ancestral tolerance mechanisms. Using brachionid rotifers (microzooplankton) as a study system, I demonstrate roles of both conserved physiological mechanisms (heat shock protein induction) and rapid evolution of traits in response to ecologically relevant stressors such as temperature and hydroperiod. Rapid evolution of higher levels of sex and dormancy in cultures mimicking temporary waters represents an eco-evolutionary dynamic, with trait evolution feeding back into effects on ecology (i.e., reduced population growth). I also reveal that prolonged culture in a benign laboratory environment leads to evolution of increased lifespan and fecundity, perhaps due to reduction of extrinsic mortality factors. Potential mechanisms (e.g., hormonal signals) are suggested that may control evolvability of facets of the stress response. Due to prior studies suggesting a role of progesterone signaling in rotifer sex and dormancy, the membrane associated progesterone receptor is assayed as a candidate gene that could show positive selection indicating rapid divergence. Despite some sequence variation that may contribute to functional differences among species, results indicate this hormone receptor is under purifying selection. Detailed analyses of multiple stress responses and their evolution as performed here will be imperative to understanding current patterns of local adaptation and trait-environment correlations. Such research also is key to predicting persistence of species upon introduction to novel habitats and exposure to new stressors (e.g., warming due to climate change). Perhaps one of the most intriguing results of this dissertation is the rapid, adaptive change in levels of sex and dormancy in a metazoan through new mutations or re-arrangements of the genetic material. This suggests species may be able to rapidly evolve tolerance of new stressors, even if standing genetic variation does not currently encompass the suite of alleles necessary for survival.

As a master’s practicum of interior design, this project is concerned with the role of design in shaping mass and individual identity. Cultural commodities, as components of the Culture Industry, effectively define a communal identity for the individuals. The Winnipeg Metropolitan Theatre is chosen as the site of this practicum. This Practicum is interested in defining new spatial relationships and functions. In order for these goals to be achieved, a new function has been defined. The public studio for ephemeral arts is open to the whole society for being involved in the artistic process. By using a qualitative research method, this practicum studies the theoretical aspects of modern mass identity. However being an interior design project, it heavily relies on the ideas of a selected number of theorists, mainly from the Frankfurt school, for building the theoretical foundation of the design. The new design is the result of questioning the existing space’s spatial hierarchy, the new function’s spatial requirements, and a critical approach toward the adaptive reuse of an existing building.