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Children are rarely asked about their experiences in the aftermath of war. Each child if given an opportunity has a unique and precious story to share. It is most likely that embedded within their experiential stories are essences of resilience. The purpose of this study was (1) to understand the phenomenon of resilience in an exploratory way with regard to how Afghan refugee children adapt despite facing adversities in the aftermath of war, and (2) to contribute to the knowledge of nursing science and practice for healthy childhood development. The core research question was: What are the experiences of Afghan refugee children currently living in Canada in the aftermath of war? The sub question was: How do Afghan refugee children describe their experiences of day-to- day life? Gadamers (1960/1989) hermeneutic philosophy was used to understand the experiences of Afghan children in the aftermath of war. In addition, hermeneutic photography, which is based on the methodology of hermeneutic (interpretive) inquiry, was used as the methodological approach as well as method. Data were collected with the aid of photographs of the childrens own choice. Two to three photo conversations were done with seven children residing in Edmonton, Alberta. The participants ranged between the ages of 13 to 17; five were females and two were males.They were all born in Afghanistan and had two parent families and belonged to the Shia sect of Islam specifically,the Shia Imami Ismaili Muslims. Gadamers approach to data analysis was adopted throughout the study. Four themes emerged that described the day-to-day life experiences of the Afghan refugee children: (a) cherishing the family; (b) treasuring the Afghan culture; (c) creating opportune spaces to dwell; and (d) building and sustaining resilience. Recommendations were drawn as a useful guide from the findings of this study for education, practice, policy development, and future research to benefit Afghan refugee children and their families to dwell in a new country.

[pt] Por meio de uma revisão bibliográfica de caráter histórico, analítico e qualitativo, abordou-se a temática da teologia compreendida como hermenêutica da fé e suas implicações no método teológico de Joseph Ratzinger. O objeto formal dessa tese é o método teológico de Ratzinger sob a perspectiva da teologia compreendida como hermenêutica da fé, no contexto da relação entre hermenêutica, teologia e método. Da expressão hermenêutica da fé, é possível compreender as características do método teológico como praticado por Joseph Ratzinger. Portanto, essa pesquisa realiza uma análise histórica, dogmática e teológica sobre o desenvolvimento do método teológico, com o objetivo de situar o autor analisado no contexto da história da questão. Também se fez necessário recorrer a um percurso de caráter histórico e analítico sobre a compreensão da hermenêutica, com o intuito de captar de forma mais precisa o uso do termo hermenêutica pelo autor estudado. Por fim, com base no duplo percurso, essa tese analisa a obra de Joseph Ratzinger para definir o emprego particular que ele faz da expressão hermenêutica da fé e como tal substrato reflete-se em sua metodologia teológica, também delineada e analisada em sua compreensão da natureza da teologia. / [en] Through a bibliographical review of a historical, analytical and qualitative nature, the theme of theology understood as a hermeneutics of faith and its implications for Joseph Ratzinger s theological method was approached. The formal object of this thesis is Ratzinger s theological method from the perspective of theology understood as a hermeneutics of faith, in the context of the relationship between hermeneutics, theology and method. From the expression hermeneutics of faith, it is possible to understand the characteristics of the theological method as practiced by Joseph Ratzinger. Therefore, this research carries out a historical, dogmatic and theological analysis of the development of the theological method, with the aim of placing the analyzed author in the context of the history of the issue. It was also necessary to resort to a historical and analytical course on the understanding of hermeneutics, with the aim of capturing more precisely the use of the term hermeneutics by the author studied. Finally, based on a double path, this thesis analyzes the work of Joseph Ratzinger to define the particular use he makes of the hermeneutic expression of faith and how this substrate is reflected in his theological methodology, also outlined and analyzed in his understanding of nature of theology.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:19:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Gabriel Magalhaes Borges Prata.pdf: 1161117 bytes, checksum: 097b88b9075813692863edbcfe55b97f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-10-14 / This scientific work has the scope to identify the criteria that permit the semantics content delimitation expended to the tax legal competence norms, and establish the condition which is legitimized by this activity. In order to fulfill that purpose the academic assignment was divided in six chapters. At the first one, several epistemological premises shall be stated with the intention to guide and direct the entire task herein. Language concepts, as well as reality and its correlation with the Law will be spotted; the foremost matter developed herein concerns to the methods used to verify the significance of the words, which in our technical sense starts by the criteria acknowledged like concepts of use conceived by Wittgenstein. The main issue here concerns the way crafted check the meanings of words, a process that, in our experience, occurs from the use criteria such as Wittgenstein designed and engineered by Bakhtin's dialogism, authors whose thoughts will be addressed in second chapter. In the third, revisit the traditional conception of what is interpreted by comparing it with the thought of Gadamer, see how this activity gets a new contours from the perspective of philosophical hermeneutics and as the reason ceases to be something to put off any prior understanding of the world. In the fourth chapter, we will bring to the field of legal interpretation the ideas previously developed in order to confront them with the current concepts in the classical doctrine on the subject. At the fifth, we will bring closer the conclusions founded at the first ones above mentioned, with the intent to demonstrate how the legal language is provided and molded by the common, technical and scientific language. We will demonstrate that the use which is made of those languages games reverberates and influences the construction of the concepts employed at the tax legal competence norms, given to the fact that herein we approximate the dialogism conceived by Bakhtin, admitting thus that legal-prescriptive texts are connected with all species texts. Finally, at the last chapter, we will analyze some casuistic questions discussed at our National Supreme Court (Last Court of Appeals), in order to exhibit how the criteria structured during this work shall be employed to delimitate the significance contents that represents a true bound to the tax activities performed by the government bodies / Este trabalho tem por finalidade última identificar critérios que permitam encontrar limites à atividade de construção do conteúdo semântico dos conceitos empregados nas normas de competência tributária, assim como estabelecer a condição pela qual tal atividade pode se legitimar. A fim de realizar tal empresa, o trabalho será divido em seis capítulos. No primeiro, serão firmadas algumas premissas epistemológicas, que orientarão toda a pesquisa aqui realizada. Verse- ão conceitos de linguagem, realidade e sua co-relação com o direito. A principal questão aqui trabalhada diz respeito à forma de verificação dos significados das palavras, processo esse que, em nosso sentir, se dá a partir dos critérios de uso tais como concebidos por Wittgenstein e do dialogismo engendrado por Bakhtin, autores cujos pensamentos serão abordados no segundo capítulo. No terceiro, revisitaremos a tradicional concepção do que seja interpretação confrontando-a com pensamento de Gadamer; veremos como essa atividade ganha nova coloração sob a perspectiva da hermenêutica filosófica e como a razão deixa de ser um algo posto para fora de todo entendimento prévio de mundo. No quarto capítulo, traremos ao campo da hermenêutica jurídica as ideias até então desenvolvidas, a fim de confrontá-las com os conceitos vigentes na doutrina clássica sobre o tema. No quinto capítulo, aproximamos as conclusões firmadas nos quatro primeiros a fim de mostrar como a linguagem jurídica é informada e conformada pelas linguagens ordinária, técnica e científica, com as quais estabelece um constante diálogo. Mostraremos que os usos que se fazem no seio de tais tipos de linguagem repercutem e influenciam a construção dos conceitos empregados nas normas de competência, eis que os textos jurídico-prescritivos não encerram em si significados absolutos; evidenciaremos, ainda sob a influência da noção do dialogismo, como a tradição entra no discurso interpretativo como sua condição de possibilidade, na medida em que o diálogo com ela travado é o que a tornará legítima. Por fim, no último e sexto capítulo, faremos uma análise casuística de algumas questões debatidas no Supremo Tribunal Federal, em ordem a demonstrar como os critérios estruturados ao longo do trabalho podem ser empregados para delimitação de conteúdos de significado das normas de competência tributária

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