SAMPAIO, Irvina Leite de. As incidências do supereu na clínica da histeria. 2014. 130f. – Dissertação (Mestrado) – Universidade Federal do Ceará, Programa de Pós-graduação em Psicologia, Fortaleza (CE), 2014 / Submitted by Márcia Araújo (marcia_m_bezerra@yahoo.com.br) on 2014-08-07T13:20:56Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2014_dis_ilsampaio.pdf: 990357 bytes, checksum: 1dcb1243287d1cef0e55807664c10442 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Márcia Araújo(marcia_m_bezerra@yahoo.com.br) on 2014-08-07T17:35:20Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2014_dis_ilsampaio.pdf: 990357 bytes, checksum: 1dcb1243287d1cef0e55807664c10442 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-08-07T17:35:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2014_dis_ilsampaio.pdf: 990357 bytes, checksum: 1dcb1243287d1cef0e55807664c10442 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / A presente pesquisa originou-se a partir de questões que se decantaram no decurso de nossa prática clínica com pacientes histéricos. Os achados provenientes desta clínica chamaram nossa atenção para a ação da instância superegóica nos sujeitos estruturados pela via da neurose histérica, o que nos direcionou a percorrer um caminho teórico-clínico cujo objetivo central era investigar as especificidades da incidência do Supereu na clínica da histeria, bem como os efeitos de tais particularidades para a posição do analista na direção do tratamento. Metodologicamente, partimos da clínica como sustentáculo maior de nossos questionamentos, para então chegarmos à teoria psicanalítica enquanto esteio de tais discussões. Ao nos propormos a discutir acerca das nuances das modalidades de comparecimento do Supereu em uma clínica nomeada como clínica da histeria, marcamos, logo de início, o modo como se opera a estruturação psíquica na neurose histérica, levando em consideração a castração, a identificação, o desejo e o gozo. Servimo-nos de casos clínicos apanhados da seara freudiana entrelaçados às elaborações metapsicológicas de Freud e às construções teóricas empreendidas por Lacan no tocante à histeria. Privilegiamos os casos clínicos de Freud edificados no período de sua primeira tópica do aparelho psíquico, por entendermos que tais construções nos ofereceram um panorama aprofundado do funcionamento psíquico dos sujeitos histéricos, sem o qual não teria sido possível compreender as singularidades da ação do Supereu nesta estrutura. Perscrutamos as incidências do Supereu na histeria a partir das obras de Freud, Lacan e Didier-Weill, o que nos levou a estabelecer contrapontos e aproximações entre o comparecimento da instância superegóica na neurose obsessiva e na histeria. Por intermédio do estudo da formação e das possibilidades de atuação do Supereu nestes dois tipos clínicos da estrutura neurótica, estabelecemos articulações entre Supereu, identificação e sintoma na clínica psicanalítica da histeria. Tais articulações foram viabilizadas pela apresentação e discussão de fragmentos de casos clínicos provenientes de nossa prática, que nos indicaram como operam, de um modo geral, o gozo e a culpa inerentes ao Supereu na neurose histérica e nos fizeram pensar acerca dos efeitos disto para a posição do analista na direção da cura. Destacamos entre nossos achados mais relevantes a demarcação de que na neurose histérica a dimensão da culpa atrelada ao Supereu engloba, mas ultrapassa o modelo culpa-sintoma próprio à neurose obsessiva. Com isso, tornou-se possível postularmos uma maior inconsciência da instância superegóica na neurose histérica, representada, entre outros aspectos, pela ação do sentimento de culpa inconsciente, a qual produz efeitos tão nefastos quanto aquela agenciada pelo sentimento de culpa consciente. Constatamos assim, que um dos maiores obstáculos à direção da cura produzido pela incidência do Supereu na clínica da histeria se refere à fixação do sujeito em uma posição de gozo que o aliena aos significantes advindos do Outro, impedindo-o de produzir seus próprios significantes. O gozo com a queixa agenciado pela ação do Supereu pode vir a se constituir como um empecilho à continuidade da análise. A relevância de nosso trabalho implica em podermos problematizar a posição do analista na direção da cura diante de tais efeitos superegóicos na clínica da histeria.

The purpose of this study is twofold: firstly, to analyse the manner in which surrealist art may correlate with a hysterical mode of representation; and secondly, to develop this understanding of the relation between hysterical representation and surrealism into an interpretative framework for the analysis of the contemporary artworks of the South African artist, Mary Sibande. I characterise hysteria as a mode of representation where repressed traumatic knowledge and repressed desire is articulated in an indirect and cryptic manner, by means of fantasy and through the register of the body. By undertaking a comparative analysis of hysteria and surrealism, I determine the various ways in which surrealism may coincide with and comprise a form of hysterical representation. I aim to demonstrate that surrealist artists do not only borrow from the iconography of hysteria, but that their artworks frequently emulate the structure of the hysterical symptom and that their portraits often reflect a hysterical form of subjectivity. In this study I therefore demonstrate, firstly, that hysterical representation may underlie the surrealist artwork inasmuch as such an artwork comprises an enigmatic and indirect representation of repressed traumatic impressions and desire, where repressed psychical content is articulated predominantly by means of fantasy and through the body; and, secondly, that this structure also underlies the artworks of Mary Sibande. / Thesis (DPhil)--University of Pretoria, 2016. / Visual Arts / DPhil / Unrestricted

The results of the representative calculation, tabulated in Table 2, are plotted in Figure 28. Inspection of Figure 28 reveals that without saturation the magnetic intensity decays quite rapidly as we move into the iron. The rate of decay becomes slower as saturation is introduced, and slower still when hysteresis is present. The significance of this may be realized by considering the Maxwell equation. / Master of Science

A qualitative, descriptive, explorative, and contextual research design was selected for this study. The purpose was to explore the phenomenon of mass hysteria among the Basotho in Lesotho and to develop guidelines which may facilitate early intervention and better management and control of mass hysteria outbreaks. The study area covered four of the ten districts in Lesotho. Four high schools where recent outbreaks of mass hysteria have been reported were included in the study. Semi-structured individual interviews and focus group interviews were conducted to collect the data. Purposive sampling was used to select young women in high schools who experienced mass hysteria; teachers who were present during mass hysteria episodes; a parent; and traditional healers and religious leaders who were involved in treating the affected.Thirteen individual interviews were held respectively with one victim of mass hysteria from a rural area, four school principals,a parent,five traditional healers, a priest and apastor. Three focus group interviews were conducted with thirty affected young women from three different high schools and two focus group interviews were held with twenty teachers from two different high schools.The data were transcribed verbatim and content analysis was done using open and axial coding. Four themes emerged from the findings, namely: manifestations of mass hysteria among the Basotho; interventions used by the Basotho to alleviate mass hysteria; Basotho’s views about the phenomenon of mass hysteria; and effects of mass hysteria onthe Basotho. The findings show that young women in Lesotho experience both physical and psychological symptoms during mass hysteria episodes and that it has a contagious effect. The interventions used by the Basotho to alleviate mass hysteria include traditional healing, herbal remedies, exorcism and prayer.The Basotho have different views about mass hysteria attributing it to either supernatural forces or natural illness. Episodes of mass hysteria have a negative impact on the victims,their families, and those who witnessed the episodes, causing confusion, fear and anxiety. Guidelines were compiled to assist teachersand health workers to improve the management and control of mass hysteria episodes in Lesotho. / Health Studies / D. Litt. et Phil. (Health Studies)

A qualitative, descriptive, explorative, and contextual research design was selected for this study. The purpose was to explore the phenomenon of mass hysteria among the Basotho in Lesotho and to develop guidelines which may facilitate early intervention and better management and control of mass hysteria outbreaks. The study area covered four of the ten districts in Lesotho. Four high schools where recent outbreaks of mass hysteria have been reported were included in the study. Semi-structured individual interviews and focus group interviews were conducted to collect the data. Purposive sampling was used to select young women in high schools who experienced mass hysteria; teachers who were present during mass hysteria episodes; a parent; and traditional healers and religious leaders who were involved in treating the affected.Thirteen individual interviews were held respectively with one victim of mass hysteria from a rural area, four school principals,a parent,five traditional healers, a priest and apastor. Three focus group interviews were conducted with thirty affected young women from three different high schools and two focus group interviews were held with twenty teachers from two different high schools.The data were transcribed verbatim and content analysis was done using open and axial coding. Four themes emerged from the findings, namely: manifestations of mass hysteria among the Basotho; interventions used by the Basotho to alleviate mass hysteria; Basotho’s views about the phenomenon of mass hysteria; and effects of mass hysteria onthe Basotho. The findings show that young women in Lesotho experience both physical and psychological symptoms during mass hysteria episodes and that it has a contagious effect. The interventions used by the Basotho to alleviate mass hysteria include traditional healing, herbal remedies, exorcism and prayer.The Basotho have different views about mass hysteria attributing it to either supernatural forces or natural illness. Episodes of mass hysteria have a negative impact on the victims,their families, and those who witnessed the episodes, causing confusion, fear and anxiety. Guidelines were compiled to assist teachersand health workers to improve the management and control of mass hysteria episodes in Lesotho. / Health Studies / D. Litt. et Phil. (Health Studies)

This thesis explores how the celebratory figure of the hysteric as imagined by proponents of écriture féminine is developed and complicated in more recent representations of hysterical female bodies in contemporary women’s writing in French. With the aim of understanding the evolution of the hysteric from a traditionally negative embodiment of patriarchal parameters of femininity to a potentially revolutionary female figure, this thesis undertakes single-chapter studies of the most telling contemporary representations of hysterical bodies. The first chapter focuses on the physicality of Lorette Nobécourt’s writing in La Démangeaison (1994) and La Conversation (1998), and argues that the abject subject matter of the former coupled with the innovative and experimental form and style of the latter constitutes an almost physical performance of ‘madness’. The second chapter focuses on Marie Darrieussecq’s Truismes (1996) and argues that Darrieussecq’s hybrid narrator harnesses the anti-establishment carnival force of the hysteric in a shifting and grotesque body which forms the epitome of all that threatens order. The final two chapters focus on anorexia as a contemporary equivalence of Victorian hysteria. The first of these deals with Petite (1994) by Geneviève Brisac and Thornytorinx (2005) by Camille de Peretti and examines how these writers recreate the fragmentation of the anorexic self through a realist, performative ‘rhetoric of anorexia’. The second deals with Amélie Nothomb’s Robert des noms propres (2002), Biographie de la faim (2004) and Métaphysique des tubes (2000), and argues that Nothomb privileges a disembodied aesthetic that presents a masculine fantasy of the female body which all but erases the feminine. Ultimately, this thesis seeks to discover how and why selected contemporary female authors choose to engage with – and reject – 1970s models in which writing by women was presented as a means of finding one’s own voice, as well as a platform for politically significant action. It argues that new configurations of the hysteric nevertheless achieve a certain social and political impact.

This essay reflects my process in the making of a final body of work. In chapter one I investigate and describe two mental disorders commonly associated with women, Hysteria and Borderline, and compare them to the material and the use of pearls. Also giving some background on how mental patients have been treated and to the Swedish psychiatric care. Chapter two is a further discussion on the theme mind/body, offering the reader some insight on how I approach the making. Chapter three is what came after

My dissertation uses close readings of four texts dealing with the actress, spanning the naturalist novel (Zola’s Nana, 1880, and Edmond de Goncourt’s La Faustin, 1882), autobiography (Sarah Bernhardt’s Ma double vie, 1907) and autobiographical fiction (Colette’s La Vagabonde, 1910), in order to examine late nineteenth-century representations (and self-representations) of the actress in relation to the discourse of hysteria. I argue that in late nineteenth and early twentieth-century France, pathology and performance came together in the stereotype of the hysterical actress. In the wake of the French Revolution, and the subsequent political upheavals of the nineteenth century along with the emergence of a consumer capitalist society, \(fin-de-si\grave{e}cle\) society was living a moment of particular anxiety. This anxiety found a focal point in the hystericised figure of \(la com\acute{e}dienne\), who came to embody a threatening blurring of gender and class distinctions. Actresses were pathologised in a discursive gesture which sought to identify and contain the threat which they were seen to pose, and which seemed to offer an objective narrative which re-established boundaries and identities. The discourse of hysteria, however, was by no means as secure or monolithic as it might seem. I argue that the discourse of hysteria is underpinned by a fundamental performativity which has the potential to be profoundly subversive. By examining different modalities of response to the phenomenon of the hystericisation of the actress, I show how in both male and female-authored texts the discourse of pathology is undermined and reappropriated in a way which foreshadows twentieth-century feminist theories. / Romance Languages and Literatures

This thesis investigates the male body in Mary Shelley’s novel Frankenstein, first published in 1818, and Kenneth Branagh’s film Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein, released in 1994. So doing, the thesis focuses on the analysis of hysteria and homoeroticism in three male-male relationships: Victor and the monster, Victor and Walton, and Victor and Clerval. The main argument claims that, in the novel, Victor Frankenstein displays symptoms of male hysteria, which result from his repressing homoerotic desire and give evidence of male embodiment. It is not possible for Victor to repress bodily needs in the long run, and he experiences and reacts to the world with his body and mind. In the film, on the other hand, Victor’s heterosexuality is emphasised and he is depicted as a strong, powerful man rather than a nervous member of the upper class. The divergences between the representations of the male body in the primary texts, the thesis argues, reflect different ideas about the male body in the 1810s and 1990s. Although the image of the muscular and masculine, heterosexual man that was prevalent in the 1990s was already in the making in the 1810s, it was not as consolidated. The discussion of masculinity from a historical perspective makes use of Michel Foucault’s outline of the history of sexuality, Mark S. Micale’s account of hysteria and George L. Mosse’s ideas about masculinity. For a differentiated analysis of male-male relationships, Eve Kosofsky Sedgwick’s continuum of male homosocial desire is drawn on.

This study explores the theoretical consequences of Freud's renunciation of the seduction theory. The dissertation defends the thesis that the seduction theory was shaped as much by Freud's adherence to the nomonological model as by the empirical evidence of child sexual abuse. A renunciation of the seduction theory was inevitable, not because the accounts of the daughters were lies, but because the methodology was inappropriate. The nomonological model obscured the emotional structure of the nuclear family in which the structure itself, through which sexuality emerged, directed the girl's entrance into womanhood and caused the woman's dis-ease. Freud's methodology forced him to isolate an event as cause of an illness and to attribute the event to an agent. The universal perversity of the Victorian father thus became the central theme around which an explanation of a female disease was built. When this theme became theoretically untenable, Freud renounced the seduction theory and, still using the nomonological model, built up the construct of the Oedipus complex in which the father was vindicated. In order to exonerate the father, the transactions through which the child's libido developed were represented as originating in inherent tendencies. As a result, the hierarchical nature of the interaction between parent and child was distorted, and this led to the formulation of the distinction between real events and fantasies as a basic premise on which the difference between the pleasure principle and the reality principle rests. This formulation gave rise to the sharp duality between fantasy and reality which eventually compelled him to separate psychic reality and social reality. The theoretical structure built on this duality could not but fuse hysteria, masochism and "normal" femininity into an explanation of the female state, and obscure the essential social relations between men and women which were structured in terms of dominance and submission. The thesis traces the journey from the perverted father as cause of a female disease, hysteria, to the theoretical conjunction of masochism and hysteria. It comes to the conclusion that Freud's model is unable to explain the self-mutilation of the hysteric; nor is it capable of explaining the hysteric's refusal to participate in the circuit of symbolic exchanges which constituted Victorian society. The study further attempts to understand hysteria in terms of the complex interlacing of fact and fantasy and tries to show that fantasy was rooted in the facts of Victorian culture.