This dissertation examines Scottish unionist political thought and intellectual history in the period from 1885-1886 to 1965. It provides an analytical examination of unionist positions examining such areas as political history, ecclesiology, sectarianism, historiography and unionist-nationalist sentiment. It contextualises unionist thought within Scotland's history and offers findings based on both archival and primary sources research along with a thorough background of historiography. It both contextualises and examines the complexities of Scottish unionism during this vital period between the Liberal Party's split over Irish Home Rule until the reorganisation of the Scottish Unionist Party in 1965. It illuminates the spectrum of unionist discourse during this period and demonstrates the complexities of Scotland's constitutional and cultural relationship with the rest of the United Kingdom.

This dissertation traces the development of Charles A. Beard’s social, political, legal and historical thought. It covers his early education in Indiana, his cosmopolitan postgraduate studies at the University of Oxford, Cornell University and Columbia University, and professional work as political scientist and as expert on municipal government. By following thematically and chronologically the relationship between Beard’s historical writings and his early life as teacher of politics and government, this dissertation offers both a reinterpretation of the meaning of Beard’s interpretation of the origins of the U.S. Constitution and a glimpse of the shifting intellectual trends in political thinking that emerged during the Progressive era. Contrary to the idea that Beard was a moral absolutist interested in denouncing the interference of economic interests in government, this thesis argues that Beard developed a pluralistic, functionalistic, and anti-majoritarian conception of politics that was at odds with many Progressive thinkers. Most previous research on Beard has lacked archival research and has ignored Beard’s teachings on politics at Columbia University, thus projecting into Beard’s thought concepts and values he did not adopt. In this study Beard appears as an early advocate of a new pluralistic ethics and utilitarian morality that allowed him to picture the framers of the Constitution as modern pragmatic politicians interested in creating a strong government by the art of integrating the major economic interests of the society in the process of law-making. This dissertation also reveals a broader intellectual world informing Beard’s scholarly work and highlights his readings in modern sociology at DePauw and German sociological jurisprudence as two key factors in understanding Beard’s conception of law and politics. As such, it offers a much more complicated image of Beard’s thought and his intellectual world.

This thesis examines the place, influence, and deployment of archaic Greek thought in Sophocles’ extant tragedies, paying close attention to the ethical and theological content of the plays as well as to their dramatic and literary fabric. I use archaic thought as an umbrella term for a constellation of ideas on the human condition and the gods which is first attested, in Greece, in Homeric epic, but has a long and variegated existence in other contexts and after the archaic period. The thesis consists of six chapters, divided in two parts. The first part provides a general conceptual framework, which is then applied in the detailed readings of Sophocles constituting the second part. The first chapter examines some of the main texts of archaic Greek thought, and offers an interpretation of it as a coherent nexus of ideas gravitating around the core notions of human vulnerability, short-sightedness, and the principle of alternation. Using the examples of Homer’s Iliad and Solon’s Elegy to the Muses, I argue that the narrative structure of archaic poetry can be used to formulate and “perform” archaic ideas. The second chapter formulates the principal argument of the thesis: that archaic thought is central to the ethical and religious content of tragedy as well as to its dramatic and literary fabric, that is, to the form of tragedy as a complex artefact designed to be performed on stage. I explore possible models for the interaction between archaic thought and literature and tragedy, from Aristotle’s Poetics to recent interpretations of tragedy as a hybrid of other literary and intellectual forms. I then examine the ways in which archaic ideas are deployed and performed in tragedy, both in passages that are explicitly archaic in content and diction, and in the complex interactions of dramatic form and intellectual content. This general discussion is illustrated with preliminary readings of four Sophoclean plays: Ajax, Oedipus Tyrannus, Philoctetes, and Oedipus at Colonus. The third chapter contextualises the approach adopted in the thesis as a whole by exploring two interpretations of Sophocles in German Idealist thought: Solger’s reading of Ajax and Hölderlin’s reading of Oedipus Tyrannus. It argues that these analyses, albeit under anachronistic conceptual categories such as “the tragic”, seize on some of the fundamental questions of archaic and tragic ethics and theology: the relationship between the human and divine spheres, and the limits of language and human understanding. In Chapters 4, 5, and 6, I offer detailed readings of Trachiniae, Antigone, and Electra, three plays chosen to reflect the diversity of contexts in which archaic ideas exist in Sophocles. I argue that archaic thought is central to the intellectual and dramatic fabric of all three plays, even though the deployment and emphasis of archaic patterns and ideas differs from one tragedy to the next.

This thesis analyses the problematic relation between intellectual property (IP) and genetic conceptions of life. The ‘gene patent' has been controversial from its inception in the 1980s, and IP's definition of genetic sequences continues to undergo surprising changes. Recent examples include the contested overturn of some forms of gene patents in the US Supreme Court Myriad judgement, and continuing international debates about access and benefit sharing arrangements in the newly established Nagoya Protocol. The Myriad case confronted an international neoliberal bioeconomy with new demands of patients, which increasingly define their understanding of health and well-being in molecular terms. This thesis argues that the issues surrounding the patenting of genetic sequences go beyond an already widely criticised ‘commodification' of life, and points out that rather IP law is becoming a highly contested site in a wider problematization of the governing of life understood in molecular terms. Relying on an updated reading of Foucault's concepts of governmentality and biopolitics, it argues that informational-genetic conceptions of life have opened up a new sphere of intensified biopolitics, based on a ‘genetic dispositif' of knowledge and power. In its engagement with this dispositif, IP manages tensions between competing scientific knowledges about life, governs the participation of patients in medical research, and determines the rights of developing countries in an international bioeconomy. The analytical framework conceptualises these tensions as a confrontation with molecular biopower on three levels: in IP's changing understanding of DNA, in IP's relation to new ‘genetic' subjects and medical research charities, and in challenges to IP's exclusionary effects regarding the international sharing of benefits from research, and on demands for increased contributions to global health agendas. These challenges show how IP tactically contributes to the normalisation of knowledge, to the inclusion/exclusion of participation in the bioeconomy, and to the control of research agendas.

Este estudo procura identificar, medir e avaliar as práticas dos empregadores do Brasil e do Canadá em relação à gestão do capital intelectual de seus desenvolvedores de software, comumente chamados de programadores. O trabalho condensa, através da revisão e análise dos principais autores do assunto, os pressupostos básicos da boa gestão do capital intelectual. Tais pressupostos foram determinados especificamente para os desenvolvedores de software, que são agentes nucleares na indústria da tecnologia da informação, tecnologia essa que é onipresente em todas as instituições modernas. A partir desses pressupostos básicos, foram definidos 13 Índices de Capital Intelectual, que possibilitaram a criação de um questionário eletrônico disponibilizado na internet, no qual profissionais do Brasil e do Canadá responderam após serem convidados através do disparo em massa de mensagens de e-mail, gerando assim os dados primários. Os 13 Índices de Capital Intelectual propostos são: Índice de Instrução, Índice de Treinamento, Índice do Sistema de Conhecimento Organizacional, Índice Ocupacional, Índice de Satisfação, Índice Motivacional, Índice Vocacional, Índice de Coleguismo, Índice do Poder de Decisão (empowerment), Índice de Contato Direto com Clientes, Índice de Rotatividade, Índice Hierárquico e Índice do Papel Contábil. Através de uma metodologia original proposta pelo autor, os resultados da pesquisa de campo, fartamente ilustrados com gráficos, mostraram que os respondentes do Canadá obtiveram melhor resultado em 7 índices, enquanto que os brasileiros superaram os canadenses nos demais 6 índices. / This study aims to identify, measure, and evaluate the practices of employers in Brazil and Canada in relation to the management of intellectual capital of its software developers, commonly called programmers. The study condenses, through the review and analysis of the principal authors of the subject, the basic assumptions of the good management of intellectual capital. These assumptions were determined specifically for software developers, who are nuclear agents in the information technology industry, the technology that is omnipresent in all modern institutions. From these basic assumptions, were defined 13 Intellectual Capital Indexes, which enabled the creation of an electronic questionnaire available on the Internet, in which professionals from Brazil and Canada responded after being invited through a mass e-mail sending, generating the primary data. The 13 Intellectual Capital Indexes proposed are: Education Index, Training Index, Organizational Knowledge System Index, Occupational Index, Satisfaction Index, Motivational Index, Vocational Index, Comradeship Index, Empowerment Index, Index of Direct Contact with Customers, Turnover Index, Hierarchical Index, and Accounting Role Index. Using an original methodology proposed by the author, the results of field research, fully illustrated with charts, showed that respondents in Canada obtained better results in 7 indexes, while the Brazilians beat the Canadians in the other 6 indexes.

Introdução - A obesidade é uma doença crônica de origem multifatorial, considerada como um dos principais problemas de saúde pública nos países desenvolvidos, que constitui fator de risco para outras doenças graves. Sua prevalência vem aumentando mundialmente e em especial, em crianças e adolescentes. Acredita-se que as principais causas estão ligadas tanto a fatores genéticos como ambientais. Objetivo - Identificar por meio do relato de pais e de equipe interdisciplinar as facilidades e as dificuldades à adesão de adolescentes obesos com deficiência intelectual e de suas famílias para cumprir programa de orientação e prevenção das complicações da obesidade. Métodos - Trata-se de estudo de coorte histórica, descritiva e quali-quantitativa com um número de 47 adolescentes obesos com deficiência intelectual, seus responsáveis e equipe interdisciplinar, que no período de 2006 a 2008, participaram de um programa de orientação e prevenção de complicações da obesidade (POPO), oferecido pela Sociedade Pestalozzi de São Paulo. Os dados foram coletados dos prontuários, das fichas de acompanhamento do programa, dos questionários de estudo sócio-econômico e por meio de entrevistas utilizando um roteiro de questões específicas dirigidas às famílias e profissionais envolvidos no processo. Resultados - A caracterização dos adolescentes envolvidos no estudo mostrou uma prevalência da Síndrome de Down representada em 19 (40,4%) deles. Observou-se também, concentração de maior grau de obesidade com aumento da idade sendo, 63,2% estão na faixa etária de 17 a 20 anos e foram conceituados ao Grupo 3 (IMC>35). As famílias estudadas foram caracterizadas em sua grande maioria moradoras da Zona Norte SP, condições sócio-econômicas precárias com renda familiar de 1 a 2 salários mínimos e grau de escolaridade da mãe apresentando na sua grande maioria o ensino fundamental incompleto. Os profissionais que compõem a equipe interdisciplinar são na maioria absoluta do sexo feminino, atuam as áreas da medicina, psicologia e fisioterapia e apresentam experiência na área da deficiência intelectual que varia de um a 21 anos. Os resultados foram apresentados e descritos segundo dois eixos norteadores: Conclusão - A falta de locais especializados para pratica de atividades físicas, preço elevado dos alimentos sugeridos, não colaboração dos demais familiares, falta de autonomia e independência dos deficientes intelectuais e pouca freqüência às reuniões de orientações realizadas pela equipe, foram apontados como sendo os principais fatores que dificultam uma maior adesão ao programa. E quanto aos aspectos facilitadores destacou-se a comodidade do programa ser na própria instituição, a persistência da equipe e preocupação com a saúde dos filhos. / Introduction - There are many factors that contribute to the chronic disease of obesity. It is regarded as a major public health problem in developed countries. It is also a risk factor for other serious diseases. It\'s prevalence is increasing worldwide and especially in children and adolescents. It is believed that the main causes are linked to genetic and environmental factors. Objective - To identify through the report of parents and interdisciplinary teams, the facilities and the difficulties that obese adolescents with intellectual disabilities and their families have in accessing the ***Obesity Education and Prevention Program (POPO). Méthodos - It refers to a historical cohort study, that was descriptive, qualitative and quantitative. It included 47 obese adolescents with intellectual disabilities, their caregivers and the multidisciplinary team that from 2006 to 2008, participated in an ***Obesity Education and Prevention Program (POPO), offered by the Pestalozzi Society of Sao Paulo. Data was collected from medical records, the monitoring reports of the program, questionnaires from a socio-economic study and through interviews using a script of questions targeted at families and professionals involved in the process. Results - The results were presented and described according to five guiding principles: The characterization of adolescents involved in the study showed a prevalence of Down syndrome represented in 19 (40.4%) of them. The results was also indicated a greater degree of obesity with increasing age and 63.2% are between the ages of 17 and 20 years, which was representede in the Group 3 (BMI> 35). The families studied were characterized mostly living in the North Zone - SP, the socio-economic situations indicated family income between 1 to 2 minimum wages, the majority of the mothers had elementary school education and the majority of the professionals who comprise the interdisciplinary team are female. They include medical professionals, psychologists and physical therapists who have between 1-21 years of experience in the area of intellectual disabilities.Conclusion - It was determined that the main factors that render lower adherence to the program are: the lack of places to practice physical activities, the high price of food, the lack of cooperation from other family members, lack of autonomy and independence of the intellectually disabled and the infrequently meetings for feedback from the team. However, it was indicated as a facilitie, that the program was convieniently located within the institution and the team was persistent and concerned about the health of the children.

[pt] A terceirização de serviços de conteúdo intelectual é um fato presente no dia a dia de grandes indústrias que atuam no Brasil e, em grande parte dos casos, estes serviços são contratados da mesma forma que outros sem conteúdo tecnológico e que não têm a mesma relevância nem para a competitividade das indústrias nem para o desenvolvimento do parque tecnológico brasileiro. Este trabalho objetiva estudar as relações entre terceirização e comprometimento organizacional na prestação de serviços de conteúdo intelectual e levanta a proposta de que, tão importante quanto utilizar sistemáticas adequadas de contratação, é garantir o gerenciamento adequado dos recursos humanos envolvidos. A pesquisa, realizada através de um estudo de caso e com a aplicação de questionários e entrevistas com abordagem qualitativa dos dados, apresenta e discute a sistemática de contratação de trabalho intelectual desenvolvida por uma grande industria atuante no Brasil que busca a melhoria do clima organizacional e o comprometimento organizacional dos prestadores de serviço. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que os gestores devem estar atentos não apenas ao componente calculativo mas também aos componentes afetivo e normativo do comprometimento organizacional, se pretendem buscar o aumento do nível de comprometimento organizacional dos terceiros envolvidos em atividades chave assim como apoiam as premissas de que conceitos apresentados na literatura para tratar do comprometimento na relação empresa/empregado são também aplicáveis na relação contratado/contratante e que a relação de confiança entre gestores e contratantes com profissionais tanto próprios quanto de terceiros é uma importante base para a motivação e o comprometimento destes profissionais. / [en] The outsourcing of service with intellectual content is a present fact in the daily reality of great industries in Brazil. In a large extent of the cases, these service are contracted in the same way that others service without technological content those does not have the same relevance neither for the industries competitiveness nor for the Brazilian technological park development. This paper intend to study the relations between intellectual service outsourcing and organizational commitment and raises the proposal that, so important as to use adequate service contracting systematic, is to assure the adequate management of the Human Resources involved in these processes. This research, carried out through a case study developed with a survey application and accomplishment of interviews with qualitative approach, presents and argues the intellectual job contracting systematic of a big industry in Brazil that, is looking for the organizational climate improvement and the outsourced people commitment with its main objectives. The results showed that managers must observe not only the calculativ components but also the affective and normative components of the organizational commitment if they intend to increase the organizational commitment level of the third parts involved in its key activities. These results also supports the premises that the organizational commitment concept presented in literature are also applicable in the outsourcing relation and that the confidence relation among managers / contractors and their own professionals as well the third parts professionals is an important base for the professional motivation and commitment.

Rationale: Research has repeatedly demonstrated that people have difficulty understanding their interrogation rights, as presented in an orally presented police caution. There has been a limited amount of research into possible means of improving understanding, with the application of linguistic, listenability, techniques to caution wording proving most effective amongst students. Methods: This thesis systematically reviewed research exploring verbal caution comprehension amongst adults involved in the criminal justice system, to isolate possible predictors of performance. It then assessed understanding of the Scottish police caution amongst people with an intellectual disability and if this can be improved using a modified (listenability) version. Results: IQ and verbal comprehension appear to have a positive association with understanding. However, the reviewed literature tends to use broad inclusion criteria that may increase confounding variables and reduce opportunity to isolate further possible predictors. People with intellectual disabilities performed poorly in assessment of their understanding of the Scottish police caution, even when the modified version was used. This was despite every participant claiming they had understood. Conclusions: The thesis questions whether the use of a verbal police caution fulfils the intention of communicating interrogation rights as required by law. It suggests more research into caution comprehension is required, with more specific inclusion criteria, to help better understand variables that predict understanding. The relationship between verbal ability and IQ suggest efforts to improve comprehension should be directed to people who have challenges in these abilities, such as people with intellectual disabilities. This should ensure any improvements can benefit a greater number of people. The thesis' empirical study suggests the method found effective amongst students does not extend to people with intellectual disabilities.

In order to examine the literature on acceptance and mindfulness in parents of children with developmental disabilities a systematic review was conducted. Twelve studies were included in the review and provided some support for the relevance of these concepts in helping to support parents of children with developmental disabilities. However, general study quality was poor and methodological limitations hampered confidence in these findings. Research considerations are discussed. An empirical study was conducted to examine the relationship between psychological acceptance and family quality of life in parents of children with intellectual disabilities. One-hundred and twenty-nine parents of children with intellectual disabilities participated in a questionnaire based study. Participants completed measures of family quality of life, psychological acceptance, emotional adjustment, mental well-being and impact of the child. Parental psychological acceptance was positively associated with family quality of life and was found to account for around 1.9 per cent of its variance. Parental emotional adjustment was also positively associated with family quality of life, however, when parental psychological acceptance was added to the regression model emotional adjustment was no longer a statistically significant variable. The results of this study suggest that parental psychological acceptance may explain some of the variance in family quality of life. Further research is needed to ascertain whether interventions that improve parents' psychological acceptance also improve family quality of life.

abstract: The purpose of this study is to explore the shifting cultural norms of copyright law, and that concept’s impact on the performance and practice of artists producing original works of authorship. Although related concepts predate it, and today it exists as a subset of a broader category known as intellectual property, the purpose of copyright beginning with the United States Constitution was to allow for a temporary economic monopoly to an author of a fixed creative work. This monopoly was meant to incentivize authors to contribute to the public good with works that promote progress in science and art. However, increases over time in the scope and duration of copyright terms grant broader protections and controls for copyright owners today, while advances in technology have provided the public with the potential for near-limitless low-cost access to information. This creates a conflict between proprietary interest in creative works and the public’s right and ability to access and build on those works. The history of copyright law in America is rife with efforts to balance these competing interests. The methodology for this study consisted of flexible strategies for collecting and analyzing data, primarily elite, semi-structured interviews with professional artists, attorneys, and others who engage with the cultural and legal norms of intellectual property regimes on a regular basis. Constant comparative analysis was used to maintain an emic perspective, prioritizing the subjective experience of individuals interviewed for this research project. Additional methods for qualitative analysis were also employed here to code and categorize gathered data, including the use of RQDA, a software package for Qualitative Data Analysis that runs within the R statistical software program. Various patterns and behaviors relevant to intellectual property reforms as they relate to artist practices were discussed in detail following the analysis of findings, in an effort to describe how cultural norms of copyright intersect with the creation of original works of authorship, and towards the development of the theory that the semiotic sign systems subject to intellectual property laws are not themselves forms of real property, as they do not meet the categorical requirements of scarce resources. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Journalism and Mass Communication 2018