Dans le cadre de la nouvelle société de l'information multimédia et communicante, cette thèse propose des contributions méthodologiques et techniques relatives à la représentation, l'animation et la transmission des objets virtuels.<br /><br />Les méthodes existantes sont analysées de façon comparée et les performances des standards multimédias actuels évaluées en termes de réalisme d'animation et de débit de transmission. Pour surmonter les limitations mises en évidence, un nouveau cadre de modélisation et d'animation de personnages virtuels est proposé. Le modèle SMS (Skeleton, Muscle and Skin), fondé sur le concept de contrôleur de déformation d'un maillage, est introduit et sa formulation mathématique développée. Le graphe de scène 3D et le flux de compression associés à SMS sont décrits. L'approche SMS est évaluée dans le cadre d'un nouveau service de transmission télévisuelle d'un signeur virtuel destinés aux déficients auditifs. Le modèle SMS a été promu dans le standard MPEG-4 version 5.

The goal of the thesis is the development of an exemplary application profile for one institution guiding the use of Rights Expression Languages (REL) to include the rights information of digital documents in the metadata. Cultural heritage institutions face many challenges with regard to the growing number of digital documents. One challenge is the effective and efficient management, administration and presentation or publication of the documents according to their inherent rights. A basic issue is the inclusion of the rights information in the metadata file of the digital documents to enable automated administration of the documents. The application profile is supposed to show the REL’s potential for solving the challenge. Whether RELs can be applied practically in the cultural heritage sector is not in the scope of the thesis and must be examined in a large scale study. As applied research, the thesis does not follow a strict quantitative or qualitative research method but gathers, examines and evaluates data to develop an application profile. Due to the focus on technical issues, it aims at developers and not at end users. To reach the thesis’ goal, RELs are located in the area of digital rights. Four RELs are examined basi-cally by literature analysis. In addition, various representative licenses from one library are chosen which are “translated” into the most appro-priate REL. The findings flow into a prototype application profile which is evaluated in one iteration step by experts according to heuristic evaluation to identify technical and conceptual flaws. Based on the identified flaws, the prototype is revised. Finally, the exemplary application profile for the METS metadata schema is presented and recommendations for further elaborated appli-cation profiles are given.

Submitted by Edisangela Bastos (edisangela@ufpa.br) on 2012-04-27T20:39:52Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao_LicaoCoisasMuseu.pdf: 717596 bytes, checksum: 9c16c2c7170bb3173bcb95a15951adb1 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Edisangela Bastos(edisangela@ufpa.br) on 2012-04-27T20:40:01Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao_LicaoCoisasMuseu.pdf: 717596 bytes, checksum: 9c16c2c7170bb3173bcb95a15951adb1 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2012-04-27T20:40:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao_LicaoCoisasMuseu.pdf: 717596 bytes, checksum: 9c16c2c7170bb3173bcb95a15951adb1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Meu objetivo nesta dissertação é analisar a difusão da História Natural no Pará durante o final do século XIX, por meio do ensino de ciências promovido pelo Museu Paraense de História Natural e Etnografia (1889-1900). No estudo, enfatizo as noções de Educação e História Natural nos discursos dos sujeitos envolvidos historicamente com a Instituição, e as estratégias por ele utilizadas para difundir ciência no Estado. Identifico, ainda, alguns episódios encontrados nos relatórios dos Governadores paraenses e do Boletim do Museu Paraense, evidenciando que desde sua idealização, em 1866, objetivou-se estudar a natureza local, publicar os resultados das pesquisas e promover lições sobre História Natural. Discuto a importância educacional das Conferências Públicas, da formação de jovens aprendizes em Ciências Naturais, do Boletim do Museu Paraense de História Natural e Etnografia (1894) e do Parque Zoobotânico, dentro de suas características específicas. Com isso, o presente estudo alia-se às diferentes disciplinas e correntes de investigação, que têm se ocupado com o estudo da história do ensino e a difusão das informações científicas em Museus de História Natural; e mostra a contribuição desta análise para outras pesquisas sobre a difusão e a história do ensino das Ciências Naturais, além de servir de suporte teórico e metodológico para estudos comparativos na área. / The main focus of this thesis is to reflect about the publicization of the Natural History in Pará during the end of the 19th Century through the science teaching promoted by the Museu Paraense de História Natural e Etnografia (1889-1900). In this study I make an emphasis in the notions of Education and Natural History in the speeches of the persons who are historically evolved with this Institution and in the strategies which were use to promote the science in the state. Thus, I identify some facts that were found in the documents of the Governators of Pará and in the Bulletin of the Paraense Museum, that shows that since the beginning, in 1866, It sought to study the local nature, publicize the results of the researches and promote lessons about the Natural History. I debate the educational importance of the Public Conferences, the formation of Young researchers of Natural History, the Boletim do Museu Paraense de História Natural e Etnografia (1894), and the Zoo botanical Garden, through their own specific characteristics. Therefore, the research is allied of the different subjects and lines of investigation that have been ocupied with the teaching and dissemination of scientific informations of Natural History Museums; It demonstrates the contribution of this analysis to others researchs of publicization and the history of the Natural Science Teaching. Nervertheless, It can be used as theoretical and methodological support to comparative studies in this field.

Submitted by Cássio da Cruz Nogueira (cassionogueirakk@gmail.com) on 2017-01-16T13:13:54Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Dissertacao_MuseuConectadoEstrategias.pdf: 2705443 bytes, checksum: f27ac4e2768f071186aba9647e6f24fd (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Edisangela Bastos (edisangela@ufpa.br) on 2017-01-16T17:37:31Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Dissertacao_MuseuConectadoEstrategias.pdf: 2705443 bytes, checksum: f27ac4e2768f071186aba9647e6f24fd (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-01-16T17:37:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Dissertacao_MuseuConectadoEstrategias.pdf: 2705443 bytes, checksum: f27ac4e2768f071186aba9647e6f24fd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-03-07 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / O presente trabalho objetivou compreender as estratégias de Comunicação da Ciência articuladas pelo Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi (MPEG) em seus perfis nas mídias sociais Twitter, Facebook e YouTube. Para isso, foi feito um breve percurso sobre a história do Museu no contexto da institucionalização da ciência na Amazônia, seu movimento tecido em redes até que se construísse em um sujeito amazônico, e sua presença nas ambiências online e offline. Com apoio nos estudos culturais latino-americanos, a pesquisa inicia na teoria da dupla ruptura epistemológica proposta por Santos (1989) e das interações como constituintes do processo comunicativo que propõe a criação de “algo novo”, conforme apresentado por Braga (2012). O suporte metodológico visou dialogar com os aspectos quantitativos e qualitativos, por meio da análise de conteúdo e da etnografia virtual. Durante a coleta de dados, foi feita uma imersão nos perfis do Museu nas mídias sociais para compreender suas articulações ao abordar Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação, além de sua trajetória em cada um dos espaços analisados, durante três períodos distintos (diferentes para cada mídia social). Os resultados mostram que falar ou escrever sobre ciência é da essência do MPEG, seja em texto ou em vídeo; a Amazônia é frequentemente apresentada como o local de fala do Museu; o volume de interações é maior nas estratégias que envolvem imagem e vídeo; nos posts e tweets o MPEG articula muito bem a utilização de mais de uma estratégia simultaneamente; quanto mais o Museu se apropria da complexidade de cada mídia social, mais os seguidores interagem nas publicações. Como conclusão ficou nítida que nessa ambiência os processos de comunicação também são muitas vezes ininterruptos e que alguns movimentos iniciados pelo MPEG nas mídias sociais interferem direta ou indiretamente em seus processos da ambiência offline. / The present study aimed to comprehend the science communication strategies articulated by the Emílio Goeldi Museum in Pará (MPEG) on their social network profiles on Twitter, Facebook and Youtube. In that sense, a short path about the history of the museum was made, in the context of the institutionalization of science in Amazonia, its moviment that was woven in nets until it formed itself into an amazonic subject, and its presence on online and offline environments. With the support from latin american cultural studies, the research begins in the theory of double epistemological rupture propounded by Santos (1989) and on the interactions as parts of the communicative process that offers the creation of “something new”, as presented by Braga (2012). The methodological support pointed on a dialogue between the quantitative and the qualitative, through the analysis of the content and the virtual etnography. During the data collection, an imersion on the profiles from the museum on social media was made, in order to comprehend its articulations when approaching Science, Technology and Inovation, in addition to its path on each analyzed space, during three distinct periods (different for each social media). The results show that to speak or write about science is the essence of MPEG, either on text or video; Amazonia is frequently presented as the speech place of the Museum; the amount of interactions is bigger in the strategies that involve image or video; on posts or tweets MPEG simultaneously articulates very well the use of more than one strategy; the more the Museum appropriates the complexity of each social media, the more the followers interact on the publications. As a conclusion, is clear that in this environment the communication processes are also interrupted many times, and that some movements started by MPEG on social media interfere directly or indirectly on its processes on an offline environment.

Abstract not available

Pour pallier un manque d'outils spécialisés que les enseignants puissent s'approprier et utiliser en classe, l'objectif de cette étude, à l'intersection entre informatique et éducation, vise la réalisation d'un logiciel permettant de créer des supports de cours numériques. Basé sur la technologie MPEG-4 (compression, composition multimédia, interactivité) l'outil est cohérent avec une architecture de mutualisation de contenus. Trois axes de recherche en découlent. Le premier décrit la réalisation d'un prototype d'outil dont l'IHM basée sur celle des « assistants d'installation » apporte une simplicité d'utilisation pour les enseignants « novices », et qui dispose de modules destinés à enrichir les différents médias par des fonctionnalités. Le deuxième axe présente le « module vidéo » qui permet de créer des zones sensibles et des marques temporelles. Le dernier axe décrit un espace 3D de représentation des contenus multimédias dont les niveaux de structuration définis sont conservés.

<p>At Saab Aerosystems, situated in Linköping Sweden, there is a presentation and manoeuvre simulator simulating the fighter jet JAS-39 Gripen. This flight simulator is called PMSIM. In this thesis we study how to transfer sensor images generated by PMSIM to other simulators or desktop computers. The transmission is band-limited so some kind of image coding must be used. Because of this the greater part of this thesis is concerned with image coding. </p><p>To fulfill the real time requirement the image coding has to be quite simple and the transmission has to be fast. To achieve fast transmission the network protocol has to use as little overhead information as possible. Such a protocol has therefore been designed and implemented. </p><p>This report also includes a survey about real radio links. This survey investigates how the quality of the video stream can be affected by noise and other disturbing elements. </p><p>The work in this report revolves around the implementation of a video link. The purpose of this link is to transmit and display sensor images. The link consists mainly of the three following parts: image coder, network link and image player. The image coding has been focused on MPEG and wavelets. </p><p>The wavelet technique is not a well known coding principle for video applications. Although as a coding technique for still images the technique is well known. For instance it is used in the JPEG2000-standard. Experiments conducted and published in this report suggest that for some applications the wavelet technique can be a viable candidate, with respect to the MPEG technique, for a video coder.</p>

<p>This thesis describes the design and implementation of a Digital Audio Broadcasting (DAB) System developed using C++ Language and SystemC libraries. The main aspects covered within this report are the data structure of DAB system, and some interesting points of SystemC Library very useful for the implementation of the final system. </p><p>It starts with a introduction of DAB system and his principals advantages. Next it goes further into the definition of data structures of DAB, they are FIC, MSC, and DAB audio frame, explained with MPEG and PAD packets. Later on this chapter there is an explanation of the SystemC library with special attention on the features that I used to implement the system. This features are the events used in the communication between processes and the interfaces needed for sending and receiving the data.</p><p>With all these points covered is quite easy for a reader to understand the implementation of the system, despite this point is covered in the last chapter of the thesis. The implementation is here explained in two different steps. The first one explain how is formed the DAB audio frame by means of MPEG frames that are wrote in channel by producer interface, this frames are readed by consumer interface. For this purpose I have created some classes and structures that are explained in this part. The second part explain how I obtain the DAB transmission frame which is obtained creating MSC frames, that are big data structures formed by groups of DAB audio frames, therefore there are some functions that act like a buffer and add audio frames to the MSC data structure. Of independent way there is the FIC frame that is generated of random way and its added to the transmission frame.</p>

<p>In this thesis work a part of the video coding standard H.264 has been implemented. The part of the video coder that is used to code the I-frames has been implemented to see how well suited it is for regular image coding. The big difference versus other image coding standards, such as JPEG and JPEG2000, is that this video coder uses both a predictor and a transform to compress the I-frames, while JPEG and JPEG2000 only use a transform. Since the prediction error is sent instead of the actual pixel values, a lot of the values are zero or close to zero before the transformation and quantization. The method is much like a video encoder but the difference is that blocks of an image are predicted instead of frames in a video sequence.</p> / <p>I det här examensarbetet har en del av videokodningsstandarden H.264 implementerats. Den del av videokodaren som används för att koda s.k. I-bilder har implementerats för att testa hur bra den fungerar för ren stillbildskodning. Den stora skillnaden mot andra stillbildskodningsmetoder, såsom JPEG och JPEG2000, är att denna videokodaren använder både en prediktor och en transform för att komprimera stillbilderna, till skillnad från JPEG och JPEG2000 som bara använder en transform. Eftersom prediktionsfelen skickas istället för själva pixelvärdena så är många värden lika med noll eller nära noll redan innan transformationen och kvantiseringen. Metoden liknar alltså till mycket en ren videokodare, med skillnaden att man predikterar block i en bild istället för bilder i en videosekvens.</p>

Real time applications over IP network became widely used in different fields; social video conference, online educational lectures, industrial, military, and online robotic medical surgery. Online medical surgery over IP network has experienced rapid growth in the last few years primarily due to advances in technology (e.g., increased bandwidth; new cameras, monitors, and coder/decoders (CODECs)) and changes in the medical care environment (e.g., increased outpatient care, remote surgeries). The purpose of this study was to examine and analyze the impact of IP networks parameters; delay, jitter, throughput, and drop packet on the performance of real-time medical surgery videos sent across different IP networks; native IPv6, native IPv4, 6to4 and 6in4 tunneling transition mechanisms and compare the behavior of video packets over IP networks. The impact of each parameter over IP networks is examined by using different video codecs MPEG-1, MPEG-2, and MPEG-4. This study has been carried out with two main parts; theoretical and practical part, the theoretical part of this study focused on the calculations of various delays in IP networks such as transmission, processing, propagation, and queuing delays for video packet, while the practical part includes; examining of video codecs throughput over IP networks by using jperf tool and examining delay, jitter, and packet drops for different packet sizes by using IDT-G tool and how these parameters can affect quality of received video. The obtained theoretical and practical results were presented in different tables and plotted into different graphs to show the performance of real time video over IP networks. These results confirmed that video codecs MPEG-1, MPEG-2, and MPEG-4 were highly impacted by encapsulation and de-capsulation process except MPEG-4 codec, MPEG-4 was the least impacted by IPv4, IPv6, and IP transition mechanisms concerning throughput and wastage bandwidth. It also indicated that using IPv6-to-4 and IPv6-in-4 tunneling mechanisms caused more bandwidth wastage, high delay, jitter, and packet drop than IPv4 and IPv6.