In this study, it is aimed to relate architecture with the changing definitions of territory. In this context, the research will focus on the issue of in-between, where the boundaries between public and private domains are blurred in the modern world. The Dutch Embassy in Berlin designed by OMA / Rem Koolhaas is built upon a creative redefinition of blurring boundaries between &amp / #8216 / public&amp / #8217 / and &amp / #8216 / private&amp / #8217 / . Given the fact that the Embassy is a diplomatic structure for which the safety factor is one of the most important design criteria, how Koolhaas interprets the idea of openness, of transparency, modernity which are meant to symbolize the Netherlands, will be studied in this research.

The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between teachers&rsquo / sense of efficacy in student engagement, instructional strategies, and classroom management and perceived openness to change in schools as regards willingness of the teachers to embrace change and teachers&rsquo / perception related to principal&rsquo / s openness to change, and teachers&rsquo / willingness to respond to community pressure for change. The research was designed as a correlational study and participants of the study consisted of 552 teachers working at primary and secondary level public schools selected from the four school districts in Ankara. Cluster sampling approach was used in selecting the overall sample of the study. In order to measure teachers&rsquo / sense of efficacy and their perceived openness to change in schools, Turkish adaptation of Teachers&rsquo / Sense of Efficacy Scale (TSES) and newly adapted The Faculty Change Orientation Scale (FCOS) were utilized in the research as data gathering instruments, as well as the administration of a demographic survey. For the data analysis, both descriptive and inferential statistics techniques (Canonical Correlation Analysis) were used in the study. Exploratory Factor Analysis was also performed for Faculty Change Orientation Scale and Teachers&rsquo / Sense of Efficacy Scale to ensure construct validity of the instruments. The results of the analyses in the study indicated that there is a low relationship between teachers&rsquo / sense of efficacy in student engagement, instructional strategies, and classroom management and perceived openness to change in schools as regards teachers&rsquo / willingness for change, teachers&rsquo / perception about principal&rsquo / s openness to change and teachers&rsquo / willingness to respond community pressure for change.

The economic literature posits that a well-functioning economy requires a well-regulated financial system, and a sound financial system is essential to the fundamentals of an economy, however, even the most influential economists disagree sharply about the role of the finance-growth relationship in economic development. One of the most important questions concerning financial openness is whether it spurs long-run economic growth, and if yes, do these benefits outweigh the risks for developing countries. In addition, the conventional economic theory often postulates that a more developed financial sector provides a productive ground for higher economic growth. Is financial development a major prerequisite for economic growth? Additionally, institutional quality has also received a considerable attention since it is thought of a significant channel in the financegrowth relationship. This thesis aims to investigate the links between financial integration, financial development, and growth, taking institutional quality and the level of the development of the economy into consideration. To this end, a large panel data set is used and panel data estimation techniques are employed. The results show that emerging economies benefit the most from financial openness regardless of any preconditions. On the other hand, developing economies should be cautious since financial openness may hinder growth unless institutional development is healed before financial openness policies take speed. Moreover, the results indicate that, financial development fosters growth and the level of institutional development is an important determinant of the finance-growth relationship in the overall.

The fiercer competition among international harbors drives every port to reinforce operation efficiency to attract carriers and to develop competition strategies to grow competence. In those years, Kaohsiung Harbor has slumped from the third to the fifth largest carrier harbor in the world. It is the overall symptom of competition risks for seaports in Taiwan. The severe situation, though, it is exactly what we can strive to revert the declining trend. Facing this topic composed of dynamic complexities, we can leverage systematic deliberation and dynamic simulation to revamp the status quo structure and create beneficial behavior model. In this thesis, we adopt system dynamics to build up a typical dynamic harbor model to dig out the crucial facets key to the growth of an international seaport and henceforth serve for basis of the decision-making. The main conclusions of this research are as follows: 1.The four facets that influence the development of a harbor are ¡§The economic strength of the hinterland,¡¨ ¡§The completeness of the harbor facilities, whether the construction of the harbor can keep in pace with the volume of containers,¡¨ ¡§The openness of the harbor,¡¨ ¡§The superiority of the geographic location.¡¨ 2.Whatever the import, export, or even transfer, the rate policy of a harbor will help little to the growth of the volume of containers with the other conditions unchanged. The disastrous effect of rate slash will be revenue decline; keeping volume while losing profit. In the long term, it will become a viscous circle. The freedom policy will be far more important than rate policy according to our policy analysis. 3.If the construction progress of wharfs can be in pace with the growth of enterprises, it will lower the interference between each other, reduce inefficient investment, and increase inter-stability. It¡¦s therefore the more accurate estimation of the growth of a harbor, the less disturbance effected by the other loops.

<p>This bachelor thesis in economics examines the Asian financial crisis, the impact on the countries in the region and how well they recovered financially. The countries that are taken into consideration are Japan, Indonesia, South Korea, Philippines, Thailand, Malaysia and Singapore.  The variables used to explain the implications of the crisis are GDP, trade openness, unemployment and current account.</p><p>Descriptive statistics show that the most closed economy that was affected by a current account reversal was also the hardest hit in terms of GDP.  The statistics also show that all the countries under observation have recovered to their situation prior to the crisis in terms of GDP, but not in terms of the level of unemployment.</p><p>Two regressions that were performed showed the relation between trade openness and the effect of GDP after the crisis, and the relation of trade openness to growth after the crisis. The regressions show that the more closed an economy is the larger the effect of a crisis. At the same time these countries had the highest growth rates after the crisis and were also among the first to recover. Theoretical reasons for these results are given.</p>

Forskningen kring sambandet mellan ADHD och olika personlighetsdrag är fortfarande begränsad. Syftet med den föreliggande studien var att undersöka skillnader inom de fem personlighetsdimensionerna (Big Five) mellan personer med en ADHD diagnos och de utan diagnos i Sverige. De personer med ADHD förväntades uppvisa lägre grad av Conscientiousness och Agreeableness samt högre grad av Neuroticism än de utan denna diagnos. Totalt 140 unga vuxna med eller utan ADHD problematik fyllde i ett Big Five test. Resultaten visade att de med ADHD rapporterade signifikant lägre grad av Agreeableness och Conscientiousness men högre grad av Neuroticism än de utan denna nedsättning. Resultaten var i linje med tidigare forskning och studiens begränsningar diskuterades samt förslag på vidare studier inom detta område.

The aim of this study was to examine sex workers openness in regards to sex sale when communicating with other people and authorities. The essential questions that laid the foundation of this research were different factors that influence an individual on their choice of openness and concealment of their experiences, and also how they cope with the consequences of this. The results of this study are based on qualitative interviews conducted with five sex workers. The theoretical framework used to analyze the study’s findings is Erving Goffman’s theory of Stigma and Dramaturgical metaphor. The results indicate that sex workers experience difficulties with being open with other entities, including relationships and authorities. The underlying factors behind this appear to be among other things, based on current laws and social stigma in the society. Sex workers experiences of openness to people in their environment have been both positive and negative. Nevertheless, they have mostly been met with prejudices and dislikes. This signifies that many sex workers feel compelled to withhold and conceal their experiences to others. Our findings also show that sex workers use different strategies when coping with concealment of sex sale, which can have an emotional distress for some individuals.

This essay concerns PR-consultants and their view on their work. The purpose was to find out which type of communication they use in contact with the target. By target, we mean the group of people the employer wants to reach with help of the PR-consultant. For example: Jägarförbundet wants to get help from a PR-consultant to influence someone in the government so that Swedish hunters can shoot more wolves, than the target group is the one in the government. We also wanted to find out if the PR-consultants are aware of the image the public have of them and if they are trying to change it into a more positive one, by using more ethics, openness and to have more focus on the relations aspect.  PR in the future with new social media (like Internet) was also a subject, where we wanted to know how much they involve social media in their work.    Our main questions were: How do PR-consultants relate to openness in communication, ethics and social media? Which one of Grunig’s PR-models is most occuring in the PR-consultants work?   We made a qualitative study where we carried out interviews with six PR-consultants. They had different alignments and titles but they had PR-work in common. The results showed that the PR-consultants are aware of their image in public and they are active in trying to make a better image of them. They do appreciate openness, truth and ethics and they are willing to inform people about their work and their methods. The study also showed that they use social media as much as the other, more traditional media, but  the choice of medium depends on the target. The general understanding by the PR-consultants is that the social media makes it easier having a dialogue with the target. Regarding Grunig and his PR-models, the result showed that there are several models that occur. These are the public information, the two-way asymmetrical and the mixed-motive-model. Together they fulfil the demands on truth, dialogue and the possibility in compromising. Althogh they all have elements of persuasion and influences. / Denna uppsats handlar om PR-konsulters syn på sin verksamhet där syftet var att undersöka vilken slags kommunikation de anser att de för med sin målgrupp. Med begreppet målgrupp menar vi den grupp som PR-konsultens uppdragsgivare vill nå med hjälp av denne. Exempel:  Jägarförbundet tar kontakt med en PR-byrå i syfte att påverka någon i riksdagen så att svenska jägare får skjuta fler vargar, då är den i riksdagen målgrupp. Vi ville även undersöka om PR-konsulterna anser att de aktivt försöker ändra på den bild som allmänheten har av deras bransch med hjälp av till exempel etik, öppenhet och fokus på relationer. Däri lades också vikt på framtidens PR-arbete där vi ville veta i hur hög grad sociala medier involveras i verksamheten.    Våra frågeställningar var: Hur förhåller sig PR-konsulterna till de förändrade villkor som råder inom branschen? Med förändrade villkor menar vi nya krav på öppenhet i kommunikationen, etik och användandet av sociala medier. Vilken av Grunigs PR-modeller förekommer mest i PR-konsulternas arbete?   För att få svar på våra frågor genomförde vi en kvalitativ undersökning där vi intervjuade sex PR-konsulter, alla med olika inriktningar och till viss del olika titlar. Det de hade gemensamt var PR-arbete i olika hög grad. Slutresultatet visade att PR-konsulterna är medvetna om den bild allmänheten har av dem och de försöker aktivt bidra till att ändra på den. De värdesätter öppenhet, sanning och etik och uttrycker en vilja att förklara vad det är de arbetar med och vilka deras arbetsmetoder är. Det framkom även att sociala medier används i lika stor utsträckning som de mer traditionella kanalerna, men mediekanal styrs av målgruppen. Uppfattningen hos PR-konsulterna är att de sociala medierna inbjuder till mer dialog med målgruppen. Vad gäller Grunigs PR-modeller visade resultatet att det var flera modeller som förekom. Dessa är informationsmodellen, asymmetriska tvåvägsmodellen samt mixed-motive-modellen. De uppfyller tillsammans kraven på sanning, dialog och att kunna kompromissa men har samtidigt inslag av övertalning och påverkan.

There is relatively little research based on the Big Five personality dimensions and job satisfaction and the relationship thereof. Job satisfaction of employees is a good indication of organisational effectiveness and is influenced by organisational and dispositional factors. The fundamental nature of the dispositional approach is that individuals have stable traits that significantly influence their affective and behavioural reactions to organisational settings. Job satisfaction can be considered a general feeling of well-being experienced by any employee about the work he or she does or as a related collection of attitudes about various aspects of the job. Employees, who perform at higher levels, will most likely make a greater contribution in the organisation. These individual's are more likely to achieve greater status; thus the importance of having satisfied employees in any organisation. The general objective of this study was to determine the relationship between personality dimensions and job satisfaction of engineers in a petro-chemical organisation. A cross-sectional survey design was used in the empirical study. The sample consisted of 89 junior to middle level engineers within a petro-chemical organisation. The Minnesota Job Satisfaction Questionnaire (MSQ) and the Personality Characteristics Inventory (PCI) were administered. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse the data. Cronbach alpha coefficients, inter-item correlation coefficients and confirmatory factor analysis were used to assess the reliability and validity of the measuring instruments. Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficients were used to specify the relationships between the variables. Multiple regression analysis was used to determine which personality dimensions were the best predictors of job satisfaction. The current research found that employees who are more stable and introverted tend to be more satisfied with achievement, independence as well as human and technical supervision at the work place. It was also established that extraverted and sociable individuals in the organization are less satisfied with human supervision. The findings of this research showed that some personality dimensions are related to aspects of job satisfaction However, overall personality dimensions explained relatively small percentages in the variance of job satisfaction. Because of this, the situational frame of reference, which is most common at present within the workplace, as well as the frame of reference that most supports this research, job satisfaction/dissatisfaction, is alleged to result from the nature of the job or h m the conditions at work. This basically epitomizes the effects of situational forces on workers' job attitudes. The results showed that subscales predicted job satisfaction to a greater extent than personality dimensions. Recommendations for future research were made. / Thesis (M.A. (Industrial Psychology))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2004.

My research examines the extent to which features of ‘openness’ might usefully contribute to mechanisms of governance of human stem cell lines, with a view to the production of therapeutic stem cell treatments for the provision of health benefits. The impetus for the project is the UK Stem Cell Bank, a national repository for stem cell lines and the focal point of a unique set of publicly supported, non-statutory arrangements for the informal (but mandatory) oversight of human embryonic stem cell lines (hESCs) in the UK. The sharing of stem cells through this mechanism promotes public confidence in embryo and stem cell research, and supports research by making (ethically-sourced and quality-controlled) human stem cell lines widely available to researchers, but the structure and functions of the Bank also impose constraints on the imminent commercial development and manufacture of stem cell therapies for human application. My thesis examines the role of ‘openness’ in systems of governance designed to facilitate not just research but the whole trajectory of stem cell technology, from research to production and delivery of clinical treatments. What is openness and what function does it have in purposive attempts to design mechanisms that will advance stem cell technology? The bulk of my thesis maps out the conceptual foundations upon which systems of governance for the production of stem cell therapies may be grounded. It does not address the ethical and social debate surrounding embryo research and the embryonic derivation of stem cell lines, which are legally permissible in the UK. In Part I, I frame the problem of governance of ongoing use of stem cell lines as part of a larger policy endeavour related to the provision of public goods. Secondly, I propose a conception of reflexive governance that is capable of facilitation of technology in a multi-faceted heterogeneous environment. Part II explores traditional narratives of openness in science and technology, and how they might be reconceived in the context of modern scientific technology. In Part III, I apply my conception of facilitative governance to collective strategies or ‘commons’ approaches to facilitative governance. I then identify its applicability for the present UK system governing stem cell lines, and for the proposition of alternative structures and processes that might be better able to achieve the policy goal of provision of health benefits through delivery of therapeutic stem cell treatments.