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I en sammanfattning måste den största skillnaden på opera och romanser vara just textarbetet. Hur rösten står i relation till texten man sjunger. Inom opera har vi ett libretto, redan satt och tolkat med övriga komponenter som en orkester, regissör, dirigent med flera. I romansen har vi sången och ett instrument, pianot som är det enda förmedlandet av texten. Detta gör att fokuset på textens musikalitet inom romanser oftast blir betydligt mer detaljerat än i opera. Nyanserna tillåts att vara mer varierade för att musiken är i mindre skala och berättandet blir det huvudsakliga.  Sedan kommer vi till det tekniska. Opera kräver generellt en större röst och en mer avancerad teknik för att göra sig hörd. Om man jämför ariorna med romanser så är ariorna till stor del längre och mer krävande. Registret är större och rösten kräver sin mognad för att klara av jobbet.   Inom opera finns även koloraturer, också en tekniskt svår utmaning som inte är alltför vanlig inom romanser. Vissa romanser och därmed en hel del nyskrivet kräver absolut sin utmaning tekniskt men det är inte lika vanligt och förekommer inte lika mycket som inom opera.  Men är romanser och opera så distanserade från varandra som kan tyckas? Min slutsats är att det är ett val av dig som sångare. Jag tror att om man sjunger klassiskt, oavsett om du är en erfaren operasångare eller en ung sångare kanske inte ännu helt inkörd på opera har du medel att kunna sjunga romanser. Frågan är- vad vill du?

This research analyzes the reproduction of patriarchal ideological hegemony in the soap opera Another World using Stuart Hall's theory of the mass media and his conceptualization of ideology. A structural analysis of five one hour video-taped episodes of Another world reveals how the soap opera text constructs meaning fulfilling the three functions of the mass media, and thus, reproducing patriarchy's hegemony. This research confirms Hall's theory of the mass media and the propositions which flow from his conceptualization of ideology. Moreover, this research is the first attempt to systematically apply Hall's theory to the study of soap opera. It goes beyond .the generalizations of his theory to look at the particularities of soap opera which contribute to the reproduction of patriarchal ideological hegemony. However, it is seen that what is problematic to this research, and all research on soap opera, is a lack of a theory of the reader. / Thesis / Master of Arts (MA)

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The musical submission for this dissertation is a twenty-minute opera in virtual reality, "Out of the Ordinary/As an nGnách," which was commissioned and produced by Irish National Opera and co-produced by Virtual Reality Ireland. It was developed over two years through a co-creation process with three communities. The music was set to a libretto in English and Irish by Jody O’Neill, and the opera was directed by Jo Mangan. The animated virtual reality world was designed and developed by Algorithm, a creative production company. "Out of the Ordinary/As an nGnách," is one of three trials as part of Traction, an EU-funded research project. The opera is scored for two professional opera singers, professional and non-professional instrumentalists and a community choir. This written submission for my dissertation examines how the community co-creation and the virtual reality technology influenced the final work. I highlight how material and themes from the community workshops informed the narrative and libretto, and I analyze the ways in which the co-creation process and the non-professional artists from the communities are incorporated into the music. I discuss the process of composing for the virtual reality medium and finally, I reflect on where I believe improvements within the process could have been made, and the overall accomplishments of the project.

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The Dido myth has evolved and been adapted by many cultures over the centuries. Each Dido was altered to fit the needs of its creator, their society and customs. Despite these variations, every Dido retelling is derived from the Virgilian Dido, historical Dido, or chaste Dido narrative, or a combination of these stories. The pasticcio opera, Ópera armónica al estilo italiano que se intitula Dido y Eneas draws on the general Virgilian plot but emphasizes the chaste Dido narrative. The changes in the plot of Dido y Eneas reflect societal gender norms, theatrical conventions, and historical figures, specifically Queen María Luisa Gabriela, from eighteenth-century Spain. The Dido of Dido y Eneas can be divided into two main personas: Dido the queen and Dido the lover. Her arias, which come from preexisting Italian operas, convey the dramatic text very well. However, no matter what persona Dido portrays, she never fully loses control nor lets her passions rule her actions. Even in the moments before her suicide, her aria, "Punta intrepida," lacks the overt emotionality found in the popular Dido lament made famous by Purcell. This thesis aims to situate Dido y Eneas within the history of the Dido narrative and gender conceptions in the early eighteenth century, and to analyze depictions of affect in Dido's da capo arias. This Dido is a product of her time, transforming the Dido myth to portray a regal queen who overcomes emotional desire and remains faithful to her deceased husband becoming a paragon of chastity.

In this research I challenged myself in order to achieve a better understanding of singing coloratura and searched for different techniques that would help me on the way. I found that for me there are five key elements that I explored further : energy, connection and clarity of sound, avoiding the tension, column of air and patience.