This master´s thesis is engaged in presumptions of organic production development in Czech Republic. It is engaged in consumer behaviour of the organic market customers, the organic market situation and also the organic farmers situation in Czech republic. The aim of this thesis is to explore the relationship of the czech customers to organic food and try to find methods to improve the organic farmers situation.

he objective of this thesis is to prepare a feasibility study of the investment project for the establishment of an organic goat's farm with production of dairy products with organic quality. The thesis also analyses the grant opportunities from the EU Structural Funds for this project.

This thesis deals with evaluation of the current situation of the agriculture company using strategic analysis and assessment of the project´s further development. Specifically, the assessment of the transition from conventional to organic agriculture using metod of discounted payback period.

Les mélanges de variétés de céréales connaissent un regain d’intérêt récent, mais les méthodes pour évaluer et sélectionner des variétés sur l’aptitude au mélange ainsi que pour la conception des mélanges restent peu développées. Il a été montré que les performances de génotypes en culture pure pouvaient différer significativement de leurs performances en mélange, rendant la prédiction des performances de mélanges difficile. Mais évaluer tous les mélanges possibles entre génotypes devient techniquement impossible pour de larges panels. Ainsi, des méthodes expérimentales et statistiques sont nécessaires pour identifier les génotypes qui présentent les meilleures aptitudes au mélange, et pour prédire les meilleures combinaisons de génotypes, à partir de l’observation d’un nombre limité de mélanges.Dans une première partie, nous avons d’abord synthétisé les différentes méthodes proposées dans la littérature pour étudier les interactions plante-plante, en distinguant i) celles basées sur les performances des mélanges, permettant d’estimer des Aptitudes Générale et Spécifique au Mélange, ii) celles où les performances de chaque génotype en mélange sont accessibles, permettant d’estimer des effets Producteur et Associé. Nous avons ensuite proposé un cadre statistique basé sur des modèles mixtes pour estimer l’aptitude au mélange dans des dispositifs incomplets. Ces modèles d’Aptitude au Mélange et le modèle Producteur-Associés ont été appliqués à un panel diversifié de génotypes de blé tendre d’hiver observé dans différents dispositifs expérimentaux, révélant des interactions entre plantes de génotypes différents. Puis, les capacités de ces dispositifs et modèles à prédire les performances de mélanges de validation ont été comparées. Nous avons finalement discuté l’application de ces cadres méthodologiques à l’évaluation de l’aptitude au mélange et la possibilité de les intégrer dans des programmes de sélection.Dans une seconde partie, nous avons réalisé une synthèse bibliographique pour proposer des règles d’association afin de mieux assembler les traits reliés aux interactions entre variétés, et concevoir des idéotypes de mélanges qui favorisent les complémentarités inter-variétés. Lors d’ateliers participatifs impliquant des agriculteurs biologiques, ces règles ont ensuite été validées, infirmées, ou complétées, puis utilisées pour la conception d’idéotypes de mélanges qui correspondent aux pratiques et aux environnements des agriculteurs. Les mélanges conçus sur la base de ces règles ont ensuite été évalués à la ferme sur des critères agronomiques et sur les besoins spécifiques des agriculteurs. Les deux approches complémentaires de la thèse révèlent la possibilité de développer des mélanges variétaux localement adaptés. / Cereal variety mixtures have recently known a renewed interest but methods for screening and breeding varieties for mixing ability, or designing mixtures remain poorly developed. It has been shown that the performance in pure stand of a genotype can significantly differ from its performance in mixture, thus making mixture performance difficult to predict. But testing all the possible mixtures turns technically impossible when using large panels of genotypes. Therefore experimental and statistical methods are necessary to identify the genotypes with the best mixing ability, as well as try to predict the best combinations, from the observation of a limited number of mixtures.In a first part, we have reviewed different methods proposed in the literature to study these plant-to-plant interactions, contrasting i) the ones based on mixture performances, producing General and Specific Mixing Ability estimates, from ii) the ones where the performance of each genotype in the mixture is observed, allowing to estimate Producer and Associate effects. We have then proposed a statistical framework based on mixed models to estimate Mixing Ability in incomplete designs. These Mixing Ability models and the Producer-Associates model have been applied to a diverse panel of bread winter wheat genotypes observed in different experimental designs, revealing interactions between plants of different genotypes. Then the ability of these designs and models to predict the performance of validation mixtures have been compared. We finally discussed how these methodological frameworks can be applied to screening for mixing ability and the possibility to integrate them in breeding programs.In a second part, we performed a literature survey to propose assembly rules for better combining traits associated to plant interactions, and designing mixture idéotypes that favor the complementarities between varieties. During participatory workshops involving organic farmers, these rules have been validated, invalidated, adapted or implemented, and then used for designing mixture ideotypes that fit farmers’ practices and environments. The designed mixtures based on these rules have been assessed in on-farm trials for agronomic criteria and farmers’ specific requirements. The two complementary approaches of this thesis unleash the potential for developing locally adapted cultivar mixtures.

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La agricultura orgánica con certificación Comercio Justo, permite que los productores vendan sus productos a mercados más competitivos que les permitan obtener mejoras económicas, ambientales y sociales para ellos y para la comunidad, es por ello que la presente investigación consistió en elaborar una propuesta que permita obtener la certificación de Comercio Justo para los productores de la Asociación BANOL del distrito de Olmos - Lambayeque 2018, así como diagnosticar la situación actual de la agricultura orgánica en el distrito de Olmos, análisis de la dimensión ambiental, económica, social y las fortalezas en relación al comercio Justo. Para ello se utilizaron entrevistas con preguntas semiestructuradas dirigidas a la presidenta de la asociación, 07 agricultores y 02 técnicos especialistas en agricultura orgánica. Determinando que la actividad agrícola orgánica se encuentra en etapa introducción, adaptación y aprendizaje, también se comprobó que los agricultores si cumplen con prácticas medioambientales preservando los recursos naturales y evitando el uso agroquímicos para no contaminar el ecosistema, en la situación económica se determinó que la adopción de la agricultura orgánica se implementó como estrategia comercial para ingresar a mercados más competitivos donde están dispuestos a pagar un mejor precio por productos orgánicos y eco amigables viéndose rentable a mediano plazo, debido al nivel de ventas, contratos fijos anuales, precios y reinversión. Sin embargo, en la parte social presentan debilidad: bajo nivel de educación, salud, vivienda, formalidad de empleo etc. Finalmente se concluyó que las fortalezas de Banol se adaptan al cumplimiento de las exigencias mínimas iniciales que pide Comercio Justo para otorgar la certificación. Esta certificación ayudará a mejorar la calidad de vida, debido a la mejora de los servicios básicos para todos los agricultores de Banol y comunidad, fortaleciendo así la parte social. / Organic farming with Fair Trade certification, allows producers to sell their products to more competitive markets that allow them to obtain economic, environmental and social improvements for themselves and for the community, which is why the present investigation consisted in writing a proposal that allows obtaining the certification of Commerce for the producers of the Association BANOL of the district of Olmos - Lambayeque 2018, as a diagnosis of the current situation of the organic agriculture in the district of Olmos, analysis of the Dimension environmental, economic, social and strengths in relation to Fair trade. For this, interviews with semi-structured questions directed to the presidency of the association, 07 farmers and 02 technicians specialized in organic agriculture are used. To determine that the organic agricultural activity is in the introduction, adaptation and learning stage, it is also verified that the means are maintained with the environmental practices preserving the natural resources and the use of agrochemicals in order not to contaminate the ecosystem, in the economic situation determined that the adoption of organic agriculture is implemented as a commercial strategy to enter more competitive markets where it offers to pay better price for organic and eco-friendly products over a period of sales, fixed annual contracts, prices and reinvestment. However, it is concluded that the strengths of Banol are adapted to meet the minimum initial requirements that Trade is required. Just to grant the certification. This is the best way to improve the quality of life thanks to the improvement of basic services for all.

El presente estudio tiene como objetivo determinar la viabilidad de la instalación de una planta de productora de mango orgánico en frio, que estará a cargo de productores del distrito de Pitipo para ser exportados a Tokio, todo esto a partir de la evaluación de la viabilidad del mercado, tecnológica, económica y financiera. Para la elaboración del producto se utilizará como materia prima principal el mango nacional de máxima calidad y reconocimiento. Este proyecto resulta relevante debido a que en los últimos años el precio de este tipo de productos resulta relevante debido a que en los últimos años el precio de este tipo de productos se ha ido incrementando por la creciente demanda que existe por estos productos. Es por ello que se realizó una investigación previa del mango orgánico, frutas de las cuales elaborará el producto, así como lo referente a la exportación de este producto. Posterior a esto se determinará la organización de la empresa. Para finalmente realizar el estudio económico y financiero del proyecto, mediante el cual se determinó la viabilidad del proyecto con ayuda de indicadores tales como VAN y TIR. A través de los escenarios mostrados poder llegar a un escenario esperado para el proyecto el cual tiene como VAN Económico S/13,862606.61 y el VAN Financiero de S/15,123,434.59 el TIR E de 56.53% y el TIR F de 79.81%, el B/C E de 2.9 y el B/C F de 3.37. Gracias a estos resultados obtenidos podemos concluir que el proyecto es viable y factible. Con el presente estudio se ha obtenido un VAN Financiero de S/14,084,642.55, un TIR Financiero de 79.81% con un COK de 18.17%, por lo que se demuestra que el proyecto es rentable. / The objective of this study is to determine the feasibility of the installation of a cold organic mango production plant, which will be in charge of producers of the district of Pítipo to be exported to Tokyo, all this from the evaluation of market, technological, economic and financial feasibility. The main raw material used to manufacture the product will be national mango of the highest quality and recognition. This project is relevant because in recent years the price of this type of product has been increasing due to the growing demand for these products. That is why a previous research of organic mango, fruits from which the product will be elaborated, as well as the export of this product was carried out. After this, the organization of the company will be determined. To finally carry out the economic and financial study of the project, through which the feasibility of the project was determined with the help of indicators such as VAN and TIR. Through the scenarios shown, we were able to arrive at an expected scenario for the project, which has an Economic NPV of S/13,862,606.61 and a Financial NPV of S/15,123,434.59, IRR E of 56.53% and IRR F of 79.81%, B/C E of 2.9 and B/C F of 3.37. Thanks to these results we can conclude that the project is viable and feasible. With the present study we have obtained a Financial NPV of S/14,084,642.55, a Financial IRR of 79.81% with a COK of 18.17%, which shows that the project is profitable.

企業經營過程中面對組織轉型與創新策略擬定過程中，要如何「形成」創新策略並且有效「執行」創新策略，常常為各企業所面臨到之最大挑戰。而管理會計系統─平衡計分卡與SWOT-Scorecard之功能，即是幫助企業進行策略之初期形成至導入，不僅協助企業形成與聚焦策略外，同時落實策略之執行與績效追蹤。過去研究鮮少將平衡計分卡與農企業之經營進行結合，更少探討農企業如何形成較有效益之創新策略，因此本研究將結合SWOT-Scorecard與藍海策略、藍色經濟三者創新策略「形成」之工具與觀念，其後再運用平衡計分卡執行創新策略。 本論文採用個案研究方式進行，將探討台灣有機微型農業之經營困境與未來機會，並結合「SWOT-Scorecard、藍海策略、藍色經濟」等創新策略之形成工具與相關概念，與個案農場一同討論與研擬形成屬於台灣農業微型企業經營之創新策略。之後再透過「平衡計分卡」導入創新策略，藉由策略地圖之研擬落實策略在四大構面與各項指標。 / When business faceing the organizational transformation or in the stage of inovative strategies forming, the biggest challenges for most of the companies are how to form an innovative strategy and how to effectively implement the strategies to whole organization. However, Balanced Scorecard and SWOT-Scorecard are both serve the functions to help business manager to form new strategy and implement into organization. Not only these two management accounting tools help the company to focus on most important strategies but also company can track the KPI and performance. Previous studies rarely focus on the Implementation of Balace Scorecard in Agriculture industry. Moreover, rarely studies did research on how to help small agriculture business to form a new strategy. The research will implement SWOT-Scorecard, Blue Ocean strategy, Blue economy concept to form the new strategy. Later will use Balanced Scorecard to conduct the strategies into organization. The research was adopted in case-study method which will cover Taiwan organic agriculture miniature operating difficulties and future opportunities. By using SWOT-Scorecard system combine with Blue Ocean Strategy and Blue Economy concept to develpoe new strategy for the company. The innovative strategies then implement to the company by Balanced Scorecard system, the strategy map will use to help forming KPI wheich relalted to the strategies for the company.