Les reliefs résultent d'une interaction entre de nombreux processus qui mettent en jeu des couplages complexes : climat, tectonique, érosion, impact anthropique, etc. Dans les paysages dominés par l'érosion fluviatile, la morphologie du relief est étroitement liée à la structure du réseau hydrographique. Ce dernier joue un rôle important dans les couplages entre les processus de surface (processus fluviaux et processus de versants). De nombreuses évidences de captures entre rivières provoquant des réorganisations du réseau hydrographique suggèrent que le réseau de drainage évolue, et il est loin d'être fixe comme le suggèrent certains modèles numériques d'évolution du paysage. Néanmoins, les travaux s'intéressant aux causes et aux mécanismes de ces réorganisations sont peu nombreux, et essentiellement qualitatifs. L'objectif de cette thèse a été de quantifier et de modéliser la réorganisation des réseaux hydrographiques par mécanisme de capture par rivières pirates dans le cadre d'un enfoncement relatif entre deux bassins, où l'avancement (par érosion régressive) de la tête de vallée de la rivière pirate provoque le détournement d'une rivière qui coule à proximité. Le comportement des Modèles numériques d'Evolution des Paysages (MEP) et plus particulièrement l'influence des paramètres de contrôle, ont été étudiés. L'expérimentation a été réalisée avec le logiciel GOLEM qui a été adapté aux besoins. L'étude s'est principalement portée sur le cas de l'évolution du réseau hydrographique de la partie française de la Meuse, qui a connue de nombreuses captures par le passé (capture de la Haute-Moselle par la Meurthe, capture de l'Aire par l'Aisne) et dont les caractéristiques actuelles sont favorables à de nouvelles captures (le lit de la Meuse se trouve perché à plus de 50m au dessus des vallées qui l'entourent (le lit de la Meuse se trouve perché à plus de 50m au dessus des vallées qui l'entourent : la Marne à l'ouest et la Moselle à l'est). / Landforms result from interaction between several processes, involving complex coupling: climate, tectonics, erosion, human impact, etc. In landscapes dominated by fluvial erosion, terrain morphology is closely related to the hydrographic network system. Because the latter plays an important role in the surface processes coupling (fluvial processes and hillslope processes). Many evidences of stream piracies causing reorganization of hydrographic network suggest that the drainage system is changing, and it is far from being fixe as propose some numerical landscape evolution models. Nevertheless, works focusing on causes and mechanisms of these reorganizations are very few and they are largely qualitative. The aim of this thesis is to quantify and describe the reorganization of hydrographic networks provoked by headward piracy mechanism in the case of relative lowering between two basins, where the riverhead progress by headward erosion causing the diversion of a river flowing nearby. The problem is tackled with a numerical modeling approach. We emphasis on the evolution of the hydrographic networks of the French part of the Meuse basin, where several piracies were recorded in the past (the piracy of the Upper-Moselle by the Meurthe and the piracy of the Aire by the Aisne), and which current characteristics are favorable to new piracies (the Meuse river bed is perched at more than 50m comparing to its surrounding valleys (the Meuse river bed is perched at more than 50m comparing to its surrounding valleys: Marne at the west and the Moselle at the east).

The significant part of the diploma thesis is oriented on the aspects of audiovisual content copyright law and the illegal usage in two countries, such as Czech Republic and Russia. The main task is to concentrate on pros and cons of their copyright law protection against content rights infringing, i.e. piracy. For deeper analysis, Czech and Russian laws investigation in details is to be made in relation to the law enforcement to the audiovisual content. Then the comparison of the punishments for the copyright law infringement is to be provided and the results of antipiracy activities within appropriate organizations in mentioned countries is to be considered. Subsequently the theoretical part is to be applied in concrete cases of court practices and finally the conclusion of the whole work is to be made. The value of the diploma thesis lies in the attempt of answering the questions, why piracy still exists in the chosen countries. This question is connected to antipiracy actions and their possible obstructions.

The diploma thesis analyzes the impacts of maritime piracy on international community. The study analyzes the situation in terms of economic impacts, but also in terms of international cooperation in solving piracy issues. The aim of the diploma thesis is to define most vulnerable locations, quantify economic impacts and evaluate the impacts of military missions in the affected regions, as well as analyze the published recommendations.

The master thesis deals with the monetization of big-budget video game titles. For this purpose the attention is paid to the three basic areas, namely business models, specific video game marketing and piracy. The theoretical part of the thesis analyzes and describes these aspects and looks for their strengths and weaknesses. It creates a possible ways to monetize the big-budget video game titles as well as the theoretical framework which is necessary for the research. In our research the attention is paid to the results of the questionnaire investigation, which is focused on gamers opinions about the aspects of monetization described in theoretical part. Thanks to the research and theoretical part of the thesis the optimal way of the monetization of the big-budget video game title was created

The music industry worldwide is rapidly evolving as a result of commercial, technological and demographic developments. The magnitude of the strategic impact of these developments on the South African music industry is evaluated in terms of internal and external factors, such as the intrinsic industry growth levels, ability to adapt to change, the consumer buying power, audio-visual piracy and counterfeiting, literacy, employment and the prevalence of HIV/AIDS. Collected data from public domain and proprietary music industry sources are transformed and presented in terms of the competitiveness of the South African music industry, from which key points for strategic leverage are identified. These key points of strategic leverage include education and training, relevant music industry research, the formalisation of the music industry strategy process and the development of alternative marketing, sales and distribution channels. In comparison to specific benchmark countries, the South African music industry has significant technological and socio-economic challenges and opportunities that need to be addressed in order to become a competitive co-evolutionary participant in the world music industry. South Africa, as an emerging world player, is ideally positioned for the development and implementation of new technological and commercial systems, such as the download distribution channel. This however, requires the collaborative participation of government departments, educational institutions, public and private enterprises. In particular, in-depth research on the local music industry is needed, which should include the collection of relevant statistical data. This study presents suggestions for some strategic interventions, including an application of the Porter DNA-model. / Dissertation (MMus (Music Technology))--University of Pretoria, 2007. / Music / MMus / unrestricted

Maritime boundaries are man-made constructs which are critical to resources like oil and gas, fisheries as well as trade. Recently, these delimitations in the sea have also gained importance in the environmental discourse because the role of the sea has become scientifically more significant in the field of climate change. Drawing upon the disciplines of international law of the sea and political science, this study scrutinizes the causes that underpin the peaceful settlement of a maritime delimitation dispute between two states. This thesis delves into maritime border disputes in Africa. It aims to examine the question “why do some states resolve their marine border disputes while others do not” by opting for a qualitative approach to compare two cases: Ghana--Ivory Coast and Somalia--Kenya. It outlines how the governance of the sea through UNCLOS is important, differences as well as similarities between land and sea border issues, and then delves into wider political connotations that impact the resolution of maritime borders issues between countries. Using the issues framework, it tests the hypothesis: the more the number of security issues between two states, the less the likelihood of the resolution of maritime border issue between them.

The international system has been confronting with constant changes since the end of the Cold War. Especially in the last twenty years on the international chessboard has emerged a new player that provides a wide range of military and security services - private military and security companies (PMSCs). While operations PMSCs are mainly associated and confined with conflict and war zones in Africa and the Middle East, this thesis entitled "Private military and security companies in the fight against the pirates from the South China sea to the horn of Africa" is about private military and security companies which provide special security services - naval. The growing demand for these services leads to the increase of private providers not only along the Somali coast, but also in Southeast Asia. The aim of the thesis is to explain why PMSCs engage in the fight against piracy, respectively what are the conditions for the initiation and development of private naval security activities.

The state often enacts violence against marginalized groups by rendering them monstrous. The early eighteenth century saw early and stellar instances of this phenomenon in the way the British Empire pursued and executed pirates. These "golden age" pirates represented an extraordinary cross-section of marginalization politically, economically, socially, and otherwise, all of which threatened the political and social mores of Imperial Britain. In order to implement a policy and practice of pirate annihilation, British authorities constructed pirates as monstrous by racializing, dehumanizing, and emphasizing the supernatural quality of pirates. This study analyzes three eighteenth-century piracy trial transcripts--those of William Kidd, Stede Bonnet, and William Fly--in order to assess how lawyers and judges constructed pirates as monstrous so as to justify the massive and total violence inflicted on them as a class resulting in their complete destruction. In so doing, this study tracks rhetorical tactics and strategies still used by empires and the state today against marginalized peoples to an original historical source.

Thesis(Ph.D. (Communication Studies)) -- University of Limpopo, 2022 / Digital technologies are increasingly revolutionising music consumption patterns globally. Consequently, there is an emerging culture in which online tools have become primary platforms for music consumption. In this postmodern era, digital technologies make music easily accessed, consumed and shared, thereby providing a seemingly global recognition to artistes beyond their immediate geographical market. As a result, artistes sometimes distribute their music for free with the intention to reach potential consumers. Equally, these technologies also allow consumers to illegally access and share music freely without financial compensation to the artistes. At the same time artistes also sell their music through different online stores to generate revenue. Alongside these developments, there are challenges with access to the Internet in South Africa with older adults and those in rural areas being disadvantaged, and the cost of Internet curtailing what youths can afford to do online. This then prompts critical questions: How do older adults and youth listen to music? Where and how do they access music? How does the new digitalised music affect their music consumption? What are the implications of all these to the social capital and social lifestyles of youth and older South African adults? Also, how has the digitalisation of music impacted on the political economy of the music industry in South Africa? In what ways do the illegal and legal downloads of music benefit or disadvantage local artistes? From a critical theorisation of an emerging ‘download culture’ and a discussion of the postmodern technological turn, this study examined a case study of South African youth and older adults’ music consumption pattern. Through a survey of 202 university students in a rural South African university and 100 older adults from semi rural areas of Limpopo Province in South Africa, the study examined the ways youth and older adults access and consume music. It explored music sharing habits and opinions about piracy in a culture where music has become instantaneously shareable. Apart from findings from this study, new knowledge and a contribution to communication scholarship is presented here with a proposal of new theory of ‘download culture’. Fundamental to this study is the implications of download culture for the creative industry, predominantly, its impact on the South African music industry. The data show that this cohort of South African youth are not different from youths globally, where music is accessed through mobile cell phones. This study also reflects that many older adults do not access digitalised music due to socio economic conditions and challenges of technology access. Nevertheless, the social cultural impact of this has repercussions on the cultural well-being of this vital group in society. Although internet access challenges persist, a critical concern is the blurring distinctions about the legal and illegal download of music. / National Institute for the Humanities and Social Sciences (NIHSS), in collaboration with the South African Humanities Deans Association (SAHUDA)

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