Millions and millions of people in urban slums around the world are waiting for an opportunity to build an effective business in generating good source of income. They also wish to have an opportunity to change their lives and to be able to work, to buy food, to send their children to school, and to stop being sick. A group of people, that eventually became good friends, in National Chengchi University while studying in the International Masters in Business Administration and the Executive Masters in Business Administration respectively, have decided to embark in an adventure that aim to impact in a positive way the lives of millions of slum dwellers worldwide through a social enterprise. They established a project called VERMIPOWER which intent to provide a source of income for slum dwellers as well as to enhance the living conditions global slum areas. Social enterprises are a profit generated business that looks for social, cultural, economic, and environmental outcomes. These enterprises are financially self-sufficient. The social enterprise that VERMIPOWER aspires to be, plan to have positive impacts on many factors within urban slums; from directly impacting people’s lives to helping the environment by utilizing elements from within the urban slums. The company is built on the idea that the urban slums have items that can be used for a resource recovery process. Red worms will be needed as well as food waste. Red worms are a perfect fertilizer producer when eating food waste in a process known as vermicomposting. Interesting enough, red worms, while producing vermicompost, reproduce at an accelerated rate providing two interesting sources of income for slum dwellers, both red worms and vermicompost. Vermicompost can be used in farms, gardens and red worms can be sold in bait shops, zoos, etc. As the saying goes, one man’s trash is another man’s treasure, the company will turn trash into treasure, literally. And with the help of third party corporations it will be possible as well to fulfill the ultimate goal, which is creating a source of income for millions of slum dwellers across the world.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:21:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Thais Farabolini Pala.pdf: 14176946 bytes, checksum: afcfa821a0395fae3fcb5a231e0a809e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-02-27 / This research is dedicated to study the interventions of the different municipal Governments in Nova Jaguaré slum area, understanding the relationships between public politics in the area of social housing and the structuring of Nova Jaguaré slum and seeking to understand how the informal occupation of the territory, closely related to the relief morphology, and the actions and institutional proposals for the area, constituted the urban space in question. The beginning of this work seeks to understand the emergence of slums in Sao Paulo, their origins, transformations, and its consolidation as an integral element of urban morphology. It traced the historical path of the case study presented in this work, the Nova Jaguaré slum. We highlight the Jaguaré Industrial Center, an entirely planned neighborhood that by having an unused public park area. Allowed intrusions on site beginning the process of slums. It is analyzed the urban structure resulting from the slum process of the area, highlighting its shortcomings, conflicts and potentialities, indicating elements, relationships and operations established by the slum population on the physical natural environment and built elements. The results of this research have a social and environmental significance, because the findings will serve to nurture new design processes slum upgrading and social housing. / Esta pesquisa dedica-se a estudar as políticas públicas habitacionais direcionadas à habitação social em distintas gestões, a partir da administração de Luiza Erundina, em 1989. Das políticas públicas relacionadas à habitação, enfatiza-se às relacionadas com a urbanização de favelas. Busca-se compreender a questão das favelas em São Paulo, suas origens, transformações e sua consolidação como elemento integrante da cidade. O estudo de caso desta pesquisa trata-se da área da favela Nova Jaguaré. Busca-se entender as relações entre as políticas públicas na área de habitação de interesse social e a estruturação da favela Nova Jaguaré, compreendendo como a ocupação informal do território, e as ações e propostas institucionais para a área, constituíram o espaço urbano em questão. Avalia-se a estrutura urbana resultante do processo de favelização da área, evidenciando suas deficiências, conflitos e potencialidades, indicando elementos, relações e operações estabelecidas pela população favelada sobre o meio físico natural e os elementos construídos. Os resultados dessa pesquisa têm importância social e ambiental porque as constatações servirão para alimentar novos processos de projetos de urbanização de favelas e de habitação de interesse social.

<p>Urbanization is nourishing the urban poverty. Half of the World’s population is urban citizens and the number is increasing. Solutions to challenges can come from new ideas as well as previous tools. This study investigates the feasibility of applying a rural development program, One Tambon One Product (OTOP), and developed into a slum development strategy. By choosing the Klong Toey slum in central Bangkok, Thailand, the study contextualizes the demographic characteristics, values and realities into a theoretically applied study.</p><p>The focal aim of the study is to increase the understanding of a bottom-up approach of socio-economical development. By formalizing the informal occupations and by highlighting alternative incomes for slum dwellers to integrate in participatory decision making and influence their own path of development increase the socio-economical conditions. The study identifies the strengths and weaknesses of the OTOP project and systematically follow these variables into slum settings. Based on theoretical framework of participatory development and empowerment, the study discusses local contexts and Thai cultural characteristics followed by modifications of the original ideas from OTOP into a so called One Slum One Product (OSOP) project.</p> / <p>Urbanisering föder urban fattigdom. Hälften av världens befolkning är stadsbor och antalet ökar. Lösningar på utmaningarna kan komma från nya idéer likaväl som tidigare verktyg. Denna studie undersöker möjligheterna att tillämpa ett landsbygdsutvecklingsprogram, One Tambon One Product (OTOP), till en slumutvecklingsstrategi. Genom att välja Klong Toey- slummen i centrala Bangkok, Thailand, har studien kontextualiseras de demografiska karaktäristikerna, värderingar och verkligheter till en teoretiskt applicerad studie.</p><p>Studiens tyngdpunkt är att öka förståelsen av en så kallas bottom-up inställning av socioekonomisk utveckling. Genom att formalisera de informella yrkena och belysa alternativa inkomstkällor för sluminvånare samt att integrera dem i det demokratiska beslutsfattandet ökar man socioekonomiska villkor.Studien identifierar OTOP:s styrkor och svagheter och följer systematiskt dessa variabler i slummiljö. Utifrån de teoretiska ramverken för deltagande utveckling och empowerment diskuterar studien den lokala kontexten, thailändska kulturella drag och modifieringen av OTOP idén till en så kallad One Slum One Product (OSOP) projekt.</p>

Urbanization is nourishing the urban poverty. Half of the World’s population is urban citizens and the number is increasing. Solutions to challenges can come from new ideas as well as previous tools. This study investigates the feasibility of applying a rural development program, One Tambon One Product (OTOP), and developed into a slum development strategy. By choosing the Klong Toey slum in central Bangkok, Thailand, the study contextualizes the demographic characteristics, values and realities into a theoretically applied study. The focal aim of the study is to increase the understanding of a bottom-up approach of socio-economical development. By formalizing the informal occupations and by highlighting alternative incomes for slum dwellers to integrate in participatory decision making and influence their own path of development increase the socio-economical conditions. The study identifies the strengths and weaknesses of the OTOP project and systematically follow these variables into slum settings. Based on theoretical framework of participatory development and empowerment, the study discusses local contexts and Thai cultural characteristics followed by modifications of the original ideas from OTOP into a so called One Slum One Product (OSOP) project. / Urbanisering föder urban fattigdom. Hälften av världens befolkning är stadsbor och antalet ökar. Lösningar på utmaningarna kan komma från nya idéer likaväl som tidigare verktyg. Denna studie undersöker möjligheterna att tillämpa ett landsbygdsutvecklingsprogram, One Tambon One Product (OTOP), till en slumutvecklingsstrategi. Genom att välja Klong Toey- slummen i centrala Bangkok, Thailand, har studien kontextualiseras de demografiska karaktäristikerna, värderingar och verkligheter till en teoretiskt applicerad studie. Studiens tyngdpunkt är att öka förståelsen av en så kallas bottom-up inställning av socioekonomisk utveckling. Genom att formalisera de informella yrkena och belysa alternativa inkomstkällor för sluminvånare samt att integrera dem i det demokratiska beslutsfattandet ökar man socioekonomiska villkor.Studien identifierar OTOP:s styrkor och svagheter och följer systematiskt dessa variabler i slummiljö. Utifrån de teoretiska ramverken för deltagande utveckling och empowerment diskuterar studien den lokala kontexten, thailändska kulturella drag och modifieringen av OTOP idén till en så kallad One Slum One Product (OSOP) projekt.

Globally, there are 2.5 billion people who do not have access to improved sanitation. One third of these people are living in India. Bad sanitation is both undignified and causes the spread of diseases like diarrhoea. It is a large challenge to handle the problematic situation with sanitation, especially in urban areas. Sustainable sanitary systems that are energy self-sufficient and do not require sewage system are needed. There are new techniques with this in mind that are under development. The aim of this thesis is to investigate the possibilities to implement a sustainable sanitary system in slum areas of Mumbai. The chosen area and existing sanitary techniques is investigated in the literature study. To understand the user requirements and their living situation, a field study is performed in slum areas of Mumbai. Interviews are held with experts from organisations working with the sanitary situation in the area to get a deeper understanding about their experiences. The sanitary situation today is not well functioning, a new way of solving the problem is needed and it has to happen soon. Through an analysis of the empirical findings, three different sanitary situations are presented. It is important that each area is investigated to identify what situation there is, before building new sanitary facilities. To achieve a more sustainable sanitation, one system for each of the three situations should be developed. Requirements for each of the situations are presented and they all have two things in common, the toilet is shared between a determined amount of people and the user has the responsibility for the maintenance. From a cross mapping between the investigated sanitary techniques and the requirements for the three situations, it is clarified what techniques that are suitable in which context. No one of the investigated techniques is a perfect match and further development is needed. One of the sanitary situations is taken further through concept development. The concepts are compared against the requirements to identify the best concept. The best concept with modifications is visualised to exemplify how it may be designed. In the comparison between the requirements and concepts, gaps in the design and issues for further development are identified. The core of this master thesis is to emphasise the importance of having a holistic approach concerning the sanitary situation. It is important that new techniques are being developed with a close connection to the users and the specific environment. By investing money in more sustainable systems, the situation for the slum residents in Mumbai can be improved and at the same time contribute to a more sustainable society.

If we don't take care of how people are moving into cities, it will continue happen in the form of slums. This project is an attempt, a start in the search of finding a typeology that we clearly need.

Esta dissertação se propõe a refletir sobre a atual política pública de urbanização de favelas, entre-laçando a política nacional e as políticas locais e buscando, a partir delas, compreender seus alcances como garantia do acesso e permanência da população ao território urbanizado. A pesquisa constrói um breve histórico apresentando as diferentes ideologias retratadas através das políticas promovidas pelo Estado. O histórico da política circunscreve-se em, numa ponta, políticas que buscavam erradicar fave- las através de sua remoção e, na outra ponta, intervenções para melhoria do território ocupado, implementadas através da participação popular. Entre essas duas pontas, há diferentes gradações de intervenções, em diferentes instâncias de governo, até se chegar no atual contexto, quando ganha destaque para a nova política federal, a partir do governo Lula, quando ocorre a criação do Ministério das Cidades e investimentos jamais vistos no âmbito da política habitacional. Presente nesse mesmo contexto, a pesquisa se aprofunda na análise das políticas públicas desenvolvidas em dois municípios: Taboão da Serra e São Paulo, entre os anos de 2005 a 2012, contrapondo suas formas de urbanizar favelas. Em Taboão prevaleceu a urbanização sobre o tecido autoconstruído, dispondo de melhorias de infraestrutura, saneamento e melhorias habitacionais, substituindo moradias precárias por novas unidades com objetivo de universalizar o atendimento sustentado pela participação popular. Enquanto no município de São Paulo apostou-se na transformação parcial ou total do tecido existente de suas favelas, substituindo as moradias precárias por edifícios de boa arquitetura, sem almejar a abrangência do atendimento e imprimindo velocidade nas urbanizações propostas. Essas formas de urbanizar foram retratadas a partir das experiências realizadas nesses municípios e, mais pormenorizadas, nas urbanizações das favelas do Jd Santo Onofre e Real Parque, respectivamente, cuja análise percorreu um movimento de vai e vem para identificar os efeitos da política habitacional municipal sobre o território ocupado; da política nacional sobre a municipal; e da política nacional sobre o território, verificando o quanto elas se colam ou desco- lam uma na outra a partir da autonomia ou dependência dos recursos disponibilizados, da inserção de novos agentes e novos interesses na processo produtivo da urbanização, e ainda o quanto a política para favelas desenhada constrói possibilidades de fixação e permanência das famílias nos territórios urbanizados. A partir desta análise, verificou-se um caminho construído para a padronização dos programas públicos, voltando-se, predominantemente, para substituição do tecido construído por novas unidades habitacionais. / This dissertation proposes a discussion of public policies for the urbanization of squatter settlements related to national and local levels, questioning the degree in which they assure the access and settlement of the dwellers on urbanized land. It presents a brief historical report on different ideologies disseminated through the implementation of public policies promoted by the State. These policies have been swinging between two extremes: removal/eradication or gradual intervention to fix the population to the area, with different emphases on intervention between them in different governments. New federal policies, after Lula\'s entry as president, and the creation of the Ministry of the Cities with huge investments for housing policies, are highlighted throughout the analysis of public policies on housing in two municipalities, Taboão da Serra and São Paulo, between 2005 and 2012, comparing their approach in urbanization work. In Taboão da Serra prevailed the respect for the previous self built territory, introducing improvements in infrastructure, housing, sanitation, with the purpose to reach universal provision, supported by popular participation. São Paulo, in its turn, worked with partial or total transformation of the previous territory, replacing it with buildings with good design, with no intention of generalized provision, but working in high speed.These different urbanization processes where shown in detail in two favelas, Santo Onofre and Real Parque, in a to and fro movement to identify the effects of municipal housing policies on their territories; the effects of national policies on the local policies, and verifying how they work together or part ways depending on the autonomy or dependence of available resources, participation of new interests and agents of the productive process of urbanization, and if the new policies for squatter settlements offer possibilities to fix the dwellers in the newly urbanized territories.

O tema desta tese é informação, cidadania e inclusão digital, num contexto de favela. Teve como objetivo geral: compreender como se dá a relação entre informação, cidadania e inclusão digital, tendo como campo empírico a favela Santa Marta, localizada na cidade do Rio de Janeiro/RJ. O marco teórico partiu de três conceitos principais: informação, cidadania e inclusão digital. A definição de informação adotada na pesquisa se fundamenta no paradigma social da área de Ciência da Informação. O conceito de cidadania é baseado em três dimensões: jurídico-política, que envolve direitos e deveres, com base em Marshall; cidadania cultural, que envolve sentimento de pertencimento e identidade cultural, com base em Cortina; e de participação, que se dá na esfera pública discursiva, com base em Habermas. A noção de inclusão digital é abordada como envolvendo acesso e apropriação das tecnologias de informação e comunicação (TICs) (sua incorporação no cotidiano) e, mais amplamente, um conjunto de três dimensões: digital, informacional e social. Os resultados ressaltam que a favela: possui um valor simbólico histórico e cultural marcante, o que lhe confere um status de comunidade; possui ampla possibilidade de acesso à internet, tendo telecentros, lan houses e sinal de internet wireless público; se configura num espaço físico de circulação de informação, tendo a prática informacional do “boca a boca” como uma das mais eficazes; exerce a discussão pública de construção da cidadania em duas esferas públicas, uma física (em praça pública) e uma virtual (basicamente via Facebook); possui instituições e grupos de representação comunitária e projetos sociais, responsáveis pela circulação de informação para o exercício e a construção da cidadania. Conclui que a relação entre informação, cidadania e inclusão digital se dá pela articulação comunitária promovida por lideranças locais, que se valem da informação como ponto de partida, tanto física como virtualmente. / The theme of this thesis is about information, citizenship and digital inclusion in a slum. General goal: understanding the relationship between information, citizenship and digital inclusion. Santa Marta slum was chosen as the object of the study, which is located in the city of Rio de Janeiro/RJ. The theoretical framework set out three main concepts: information, citizenship and digital inclusion. The definition of information adopted in the thesis is based on the social paradigm of Information Science area. The concept of citizenship is based on three dimensions: legal and policy that involves rights and duties, based in Marshall; cultural citizenship, which involves feelings of belonging and cultural identity, based in Cortina; and participation, which occurs in discursive public sphere, based on Habermas. The digital inclusion’s concept is approached as involving access and appropriation of ICTs (its incorporation in daily life) and, more broadly, a set of three dimensions: digital, informational and social. The results accentuate that the slum: has a distinctive historical and cultural symbolic value, giving it a status of community; has extensive possibility of internet access, with telecenters, lan houses and public wireless internet; configures itself as a physical space of circulation of information and informational practice of "word of mouth" as one of the most effective; exercises a public discussion of the construction of citizenship in two public spheres, a real (in public spaces) and virtual (basically via Facebook); owes institutions and groups of community representation and social projects, responsible for the circulation of information for the citizenship. The conclusion is that the relationship between information, citizenship and digital inclusion is promoted by communication from local community leaders, who use information as a starting point, the physical and virtual formats.

A presente dissertação discute o processo de surgimento e crescimento geográfico e demográfico da favela de Rio das Pedras, a partir da análise do papel desempenhado pelo Poder Público em diferentes momentos de sua história e, da problematização de uma imagem construída internamente, qual seja: uma favela positiva, onde a paz predomina de forma permanente. Para tanto, foram realizadas entrevistas semi-estruturadas, de caráter qualitativo, com moradores que residem há mais de 25 anos em diferentes áreas internas da favela. Este trabalho possibilitou identificar a centralidade de três atores sociais locais na preservação da rotina dos moradores, fortalecendo a reivindicação de favela positiva, talvez a única na cidade do Rio de Janeiro, a saber: Associação de Moradores e Amigos de Rio das Pedras AMARP), o Grupamento de Policiamento em Áreas Especiais (GPAE) e a polícia mineira (milícia). / The following paper discusses the geographic and demographic arise and growth of Rio das Pedras slum, through the analysis of the States role in different moments of history, and also the internal built images problem as a positive slum,where peace is predominant permanently. For the study, it was made semi-structured interviews, on qualitative bases, with people who have been leaving in different internal areas from the slum for more then 25 years. This work made possible to identify three central social roles in the slums routine preservation, that makes the positive slum idea stronger, probably the only slum with this characteristics in Rio de Janeiro says Resients and Friends From Rio das Pedras Association, Special Area Police Group and the Minas Police. Growth of slum. Rio das Pedras. Peace Positive slum. Minas Police.

A presente dissertação discute o processo de surgimento e crescimento geográfico e demográfico da favela de Rio das Pedras, a partir da análise do papel desempenhado pelo Poder Público em diferentes momentos de sua história e, da problematização de uma imagem construída internamente, qual seja: uma favela positiva, onde a paz predomina de forma permanente. Para tanto, foram realizadas entrevistas semi-estruturadas, de caráter qualitativo, com moradores que residem há mais de 25 anos em diferentes áreas internas da favela. Este trabalho possibilitou identificar a centralidade de três atores sociais locais na preservação da rotina dos moradores, fortalecendo a reivindicação de favela positiva, talvez a única na cidade do Rio de Janeiro, a saber: Associação de Moradores e Amigos de Rio das Pedras AMARP), o Grupamento de Policiamento em Áreas Especiais (GPAE) e a polícia mineira (milícia). / The following paper discusses the geographic and demographic arise and growth of Rio das Pedras slum, through the analysis of the States role in different moments of history, and also the internal built images problem as a positive slum,where peace is predominant permanently. For the study, it was made semi-structured interviews, on qualitative bases, with people who have been leaving in different internal areas from the slum for more then 25 years. This work made possible to identify three central social roles in the slums routine preservation, that makes the positive slum idea stronger, probably the only slum with this characteristics in Rio de Janeiro says Resients and Friends From Rio das Pedras Association, Special Area Police Group and the Minas Police. Growth of slum. Rio das Pedras. Peace Positive slum. Minas Police.