Trata-se de um estudo de caso realizado durante as eleições presidenciais de 2014 em quatro conjuntos habitacionais conhecidos como Cecap localizados na cidade de Taubaté-SP. A pesquisa explorou, a partir de entrevistas e etnografia, as estruturas cognitivas que os moradores possuem e como eles as empregam na hora de escolher quem será o próximo presidente do Brasil, com o intuito de avaliar o alcance que a teoria do lulismo desenvolvida por André Singer possui. Além disso, procurou-se compreender os motivos de vários eleitores terem optado pelos candidatos da oposição, mesmo votando, em outras eleições, em prol do governo. Verificou-se que, apesar de existir um ambiente simpático ao lulismo na Cecap, os eleitores também levam em consideração a situação econômica atual na hora de escolher o candidato, ocorrendo, assim, a tensão entre duas formas de voto retrospectivo. Diante desse quadro, formaram-se dois grupos distintos: os que escolheram Dilma e os que preferiram Aécio Neves. Entre os que votaram na presidenta, estão moradores que mantiveram a situação econômica estabilizada e que avaliaram como sendo mais vantajoso manter o governo. Em contrapartida, para os eleitores que votaram na oposição, a crise econômica e moral foram os principais motivadores do voto. / It is a case study made during the presidential elections of 2014 in four Joint Housing known as Cecap located in Taubaté. The research explore, based on interviews and ethnography, the cognitive structures that the residents of these neighborhood have and how they choose who will be the next president of Brazil in order to assess the scope that lulismo theory, developed by André Singer, has. We also aimed to understand the reason for several electors to have opted for opposition candidates, even having voted in other elections in favor of the government. Although there is a favorable atmosphere to lulism in Cecap, the electors also take into account the current economic situation when they decide the candidate. There is a tension between two forms of retrospective vote. Given this situation, it has formed two distinct groups: those who chose Dilma and those who preferred Aécio Neves. Among those who voted for Dilma are residents who maintained their economic situation stabilized and they judged more advantageous to keep the government. In contrast, for the electors who voted in opposition, the economic and moral crisis were the main reasons.

La thèse porte sur l'étude comparée de trois configurations artistiques situées dans des espaces historiquement gérés par des élus communistes (Saint-Denis, Nanterre, Conseil général de la Seine-Saint-Denis). Dans ces configurations, il s'est agi de mettre au jour les logiques sociales et historiques permettant la reconnaissance de certaines formes artistiques (théâtre, fêtes de ville, cirque, arts de la rue, hip hop, musique principalement). L'approche repose sur une analyse dispositionnelle et relationnelle des individus impliqués dans ces phénomènes de légitimation ou d'illégitimation artistiques. Remonter aux schèmes de perception du monde social et aux contextes de leur actualisation permet d'en comprendre les ressorts. Cette analyse a permis d'identifier l'existence d'individus politisés s'engageant dans les mondes de l'art ou dans le champ politique pour subvertir les rapports sociaux dominants. Outre l'analyse des conséquences de ces engagements sur le paysage artistique, la thèse porte sur l'étude des incidences biographiques, territoriales et politiques croisées. Position sociale, engagement et institutions locales sont dialectiquement liées. Au cours de leur engagement, ces individus atteignent les classes moyennes et en constituent une strate bien spécifique : politisée, autochtone et disposant d'un capital culturel non certifié par des diplômes. L'existence de cette strate, dans les espaces étudiés, a des incidences sur la structuration de la société locale. L'autochtonie et les essais de définition d'une société basée sur un "roman national" post-colonial sont les deux dimensions qui ont été principalement étudiées. / My thesis focuses on the comparative study of three artistic configurations located in spaces historically run by communist elected representatives (Saint-Denis, Nanterre, General Council of Seine-Saint-Denis). In these configurations, I uncover the social and historical logics leading to the recognition of certain art forms (mainly theater, municipal festivals, circus, street arts, hip hop, music). My approach is based on a dispositional and relational analysis of individuals involved in these processes of artistic legitimization (or delegitimization). The study of these processes is conducted by analyzing individuals’ schemes of perception of the social world and the contexts in which these schemes are used. This analysis identified the existence of politicized individuals committed in the worlds of art or in the political field in order to subvert the dominant social relations. In addition to analyzing the impact of these commitments on the artistic landscape, my thesis focuses on the study of their biographical, territorial and political consequences. Social position, commitment and local institutions are dialectically linked. Through their commitment, these individuals reach the middle class and constitute a very specific stratum thereof: politicized, indigenous and possessing cultural capital that is not certified by diplomas. The existence of this social stratum, in the studied areas, has implications for the local social structure. I mainly studied two dimensions of these implications, namely Indigeneity and the definition of a postcolonial national narrative.

Constructed Isolation investigates the development of a collection of architectural devices and operations that respond to and have evolved from the specific nature of residential suburban Perth, Western Australia. These devices explore the potential for ambiguity to create space that transforms the occupant from being a passive observer into a dynamic participant. It collates a collection of projects by iredale pedersen hook architects and examines the devices under the thematic concerns of geometry, place, time and craft. The Masters Thesis identifies the potential for Perth's geographic isolation to manifest as a positive construct, developing a unique architecture that opportunistically reinterprets past traditions to create individual environments. 'Constructed Isolation' is an ambitious idea where identity may begin with the individual dwelling and collectively evolve to create a constellation of considerable influence. It demonstrates how these devices may result in new propositions for suburbia, how big ideas with small-scale projects and a little irrational joyousness may contribute to or at least aspire to create change. These small projects will be viewed as a continuation of Perth's 'Heroic Period of Modernism', the fertile and ambitious but incomplete project from the 1950s and '60s. This will also focus on the development and change that occurred as a result of the reflective practice process, while identifying potential opportunities for the future.

The purpose of this study is to study women's access to public space in particularly vulnerable suburbs within the area of Järva in Stockholm County. This study is based on a qualitative research method and has its foundation in semistructured interviews with ten women, telling about their experiences of living in particularly vulnerable suburbs within the area of Järva in Stockholm County. The results and analysis of the study are based on some theoretical starting points and chosen themes: The Female Role and Patriarchate, Power and Freedom and Repression and Symbolic Violence. The result has shown that what affects women's access to public space in particularly vulnerable suburbs in the area of Järva in Stockholm County is the limited power and freedom of women and the prevailing patriarchate system, in the form of a patriarchal society. The results show that men, through different methods such as through repression and symbolic violence, master, exploit and repress women in public space in particularly vulnerable suburbs. This happens through direct actions and through indirect actions, through various forms of oppression and symbolic violence. Women are not treated in the same way as men in public space, and can be interpreted as men not seeing women as important as men or that men as a group consider themselves to be superior women as a group. The results also show that women are restricted from acting for free will because of the current picture of "the female role" and because women, according to men, may not deviate from the norm. Overall, the study shows that women have limited access to public space in these particularly vulnerable suburbs in the area of Järva in Stockholm County. The outcome of the study should be considered as a major problem for society, because women are involuntarily assigned a subordinate position to men who make up the norm, which is not fair.

Esta dissertação se propõe a fazer um balanço da produção editorial de literatura existente na periferia paulistana a partir de um estudo crítico de 39 obras, entre romances, contos, crônicas e poesias, publicadas no período de 1988 a 2012. Agrupadas em duas vertentes, 19 obras pertencem ao segmento denominado Literatura Hip Hop, todos em prosa escritos por seis autores com destaque para Ferréz, Alessandro Buzo e Sacolinha. Já os 20 títulos vinculados à corrente da Literatura Periférica são todos de poesia e os autores e autoras são, ou foram vinculados aos dois saraus literários mais antigos Da periferia de São Paulo: Cooperifa e Binho, ambos da da zona sul da capital. A obra de Sergio Vaz mereceu destaque neste segmento. Procurei, dessa forma, refletir sobre uma ampla produção e não sobre uma obra especificamente, ou um determinado autor, ou, ainda, um pequeno grupo de obras ou autores, como até então as pesquisas acadêmicas sobre o tema têm feito. Orientado pelos conceitos de estrutura de sentimento e cultura emergente, de Raymond Williams, analisei as obras a partir de seus aspectos internos, ressaltando suas características mais gerais em função das quais se estabeleceram as segmentações acima mencionadas. Levantei aspectos relacionados às temáticas, aos gêneros e subgêneros, às experimentações estéticas e ao padrão editorial. O resultado é um trabalho híbrido entre a historiografia e os estudos literários, orientado pela perspectiva dos Estudos Culturais e que oferece uma apreciação estética da literatura produzida na periferia da Região Metropolitana de São Paulo. / This essay proposes a balance of the editorial production of literature on the suburb of São Paulo based on a critical analysis of 39 works among novels, tales, chronicles and poesy, published on the period between 1988 and 2012. Gathered in two groups, 19 of the works belong to the section named Hip Hop Literature, all of them written in prose by six writers with emphasis to Ferréz Alessandro Buzo and Sacolinha. The other 20 titles are entailed to the section of Peripheral Literature are poetry and the writers are or were connected to two most ancient literary soirees of São Paulo: Cooperifa and Binho, spotted around the suburb of the southern part of the capital. The work of Sergio Vaz is noteworthy on this section. I sought this way to ponder about a wide production, not only about a specific work or a certain writer, or also about a narrow group of works or writers, as the academic researches have done about the subject till then. Guided by the concepts of structure of feeling and emergent culture of Raymond Williams, I analyzed the works based on their internal aspects, emphasizing their general characteristics according to which were settled the sections previously mentioned. I collected aspects related to the themes, genders and subgenres, to the esthetic trials and to the editorial sample. The result is a hybrid work between the historiography and the literary studies, guided by the Cultural Studies perspective and that offers an esthetic appreciation of the literature produced on the suburb of the Metropolitan Region of São Paulo.

Trata-se de um estudo de caso realizado durante as eleições presidenciais de 2014 em quatro conjuntos habitacionais conhecidos como Cecap localizados na cidade de Taubaté-SP. A pesquisa explorou, a partir de entrevistas e etnografia, as estruturas cognitivas que os moradores possuem e como eles as empregam na hora de escolher quem será o próximo presidente do Brasil, com o intuito de avaliar o alcance que a teoria do lulismo desenvolvida por André Singer possui. Além disso, procurou-se compreender os motivos de vários eleitores terem optado pelos candidatos da oposição, mesmo votando, em outras eleições, em prol do governo. Verificou-se que, apesar de existir um ambiente simpático ao lulismo na Cecap, os eleitores também levam em consideração a situação econômica atual na hora de escolher o candidato, ocorrendo, assim, a tensão entre duas formas de voto retrospectivo. Diante desse quadro, formaram-se dois grupos distintos: os que escolheram Dilma e os que preferiram Aécio Neves. Entre os que votaram na presidenta, estão moradores que mantiveram a situação econômica estabilizada e que avaliaram como sendo mais vantajoso manter o governo. Em contrapartida, para os eleitores que votaram na oposição, a crise econômica e moral foram os principais motivadores do voto. / It is a case study made during the presidential elections of 2014 in four Joint Housing known as Cecap located in Taubaté. The research explore, based on interviews and ethnography, the cognitive structures that the residents of these neighborhood have and how they choose who will be the next president of Brazil in order to assess the scope that lulismo theory, developed by André Singer, has. We also aimed to understand the reason for several electors to have opted for opposition candidates, even having voted in other elections in favor of the government. Although there is a favorable atmosphere to lulism in Cecap, the electors also take into account the current economic situation when they decide the candidate. There is a tension between two forms of retrospective vote. Given this situation, it has formed two distinct groups: those who chose Dilma and those who preferred Aécio Neves. Among those who voted for Dilma are residents who maintained their economic situation stabilized and they judged more advantageous to keep the government. In contrast, for the electors who voted in opposition, the economic and moral crisis were the main reasons.

The purpose of this essay is to understand how individuals who are carriers of two cultures feel they are being perceived by other groups in society. We also seek answers to our research question about how individuals who have a belonging to two different cultural backgrounds experienced their identity through the meeting of different groups in society. The respondents are young people born in Sweden and have parents from another country. All the respondents live in Angered, a suburb in Gothenburg. The essay contains material collected from eight semi-structured life- world interviews where we interpret the empiricism through hermeneutic approach. The theory we are using is based on theories from Richard Jenkins, Anthony Giddens and Vanessa May, who with their work declare to explain in what way the adolescents identity is effected by various groups. Our analysis shows that young people who have a belonging to two different cultural backgrounds find themselves in a special situation, as their identity is affected by the differences of society and parents implementing the traditions of origin. Our results show that adolescents who have a belonging to two different cultural backgrounds are adapting to surroundings where differences between them and others becomes evident.

This short thesis starts as a comparison between the history and fate of two quite different suburbs in Södertälje, Sweden; it continues into an investigation of the mechanincs behind one of them; it ends with ideas on the nature of the "single family home". / I detta examensarbetebörjar jag med att berätta historien om två ganska olika villaförorter iSödertälje. Fortsätter leder in bakom kulisserna på ett av dem. I avslutning presenterarjag mina funderingar kring vad och för vem en villa skulle kunna vara.

This thesis explores how the structure (urban alphabet) of the ABC suburban model could evolve and transform in order to achieve a more sustainable future suburb. In particular, the “ABC city” was introduced in Stockholm’s General Plan of 1952 as a prototype for the suburban development of the municipality with Vällingby to be the first area developed according to this idea. So, it is examined how this first ABC suburb, Vällingby, could be reformed almost 100 years after its inauguration in order to consist a prototype for the future restructure of ABC suburbs. Subsequently, the project is articulated in 3 different time frames a)Past, b)Present and c)Future that seek to explore the structure of the ABC suburban model, its evolution until nowadays and its future development.

This study examines the perspectives of five young individuals on marginalization, suburbs, and suburban issues. All participants are male and between the ages of 16 and 20 years old, residing and growing up in the suburb of Nydala in Malmö County. The suburb is stigmatized as problematic by mainstream society, and this structure is reinforced by the participants' expressions of feeling excluded from society due to prevailing attitudes outside of their suburb. It is important to engage with these young individuals to shed light on the other side of the issue surrounding marginalization, suburbs, and suburban issues. The participants are also asked about potential solutions to contribute to the societal debate on suburban issues. Mainstream society reinforces the discourse on suburban issues by framing the suburb through a median perspective. The media distorts the image of the suburb and portrays it as a problematic "area of exclusion," according to the participants. This is done on erroneous grounds and does not consider the underlying factors that lead to the alleged problems. The subject can be analysed from different perspectives, the theoretical framework for this study is the Chicago school, terms like exklusion and deviance by Howard Becker.