Orientador: Anita Liberalesso Neri / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-11T04:46:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Todaro_MonicadeAvila_D.pdf: 1336887 bytes, checksum: 358cc7151d1a4ba79513390a5d4feaf3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008 / Resumo: Investir na educação de crianças com vistas à melhoria das atitudes em relação aos idosos é uma medida de longo prazo que pode auxiliar os indivíduos e as sociedades a envelhecer melhor. Objetivos: a) Construir e avaliar a confiabilidade interna de uma escala diferencial semântica (DS) para avaliar atitudes infantis em relação a idosos. b) Verificar as atitudes de crianças, controlando gênero, idade e intensidade da convivência com os avós; c) Testar a eficácia de um programa educacional de leitura de textos infantis de ficção, contendo personagens idosos. Métodos: Foram 248 crianças entre 7 e 10 anos (130 meninas), 25% de cada idade e série (1ª a 4ª). Foram levantados significados de velhice e cotejados com a teoria e com avaliações de especialistas; versões do instrumento foram avaliadas pelas crianças. A intervenção envolveu préteste, tratamento e pós-teste aplicados a 8 subgrupos, dois para cada série, em 5 sessões de 50 minutos. Resultados: Obteve-se uma DS com 14 itens de 3 intensidades, nos domínios cognição, agência, relações sociais e persona. O alfa de Cronbach foi 0,773 no pré-teste e 0,741 no pósteste. As atitudes foram geralmente positivas, mas melhoraram no pós-teste. Os meninos e as crianças mais velhas tiveram atitudes mais negativas, mas foram os que mais melhoraram no pósteste. Ocorreram diferenças entre as crianças que moravam e as que não moravam com os avós em persona, em que estas foram mais negativas; quanto maior o número de atividades realizadas com os avós, mais positivas as atitudes em cognição. Conclusões: Novos estudos metodológicos deverão ampliar a variabilidade da escala de 3 intensidades e realizar medidas de validade interna e de critério. O programa de leitura mostrou-se motivador, eficaz para provocar mudança de atitudes e passível de ampliação e adaptação para crianças de outras idades, como tema transversal do currículo do Ensino Fundamental / Abstract: Investing in children¿s education, having in mind the improvement in attitudes towards aged people is a long-term measure that can help individuals and societies to experiment aging in a better way. Purposes: a) to build and to evaluate the inner reliability of a semantic differential scale (DS) in order to estimate children¿s attitudes towards aged people; b) to verify children¿s attitudes, considering gender, age and intensity of the coexistence with their grandparents; c) to test the effectiveness of na educational reading program of children¿s fiction texts containing aged characters. Methods: research was accomplished with 248 (two hundred and forty-eight) children between 7 (seven) and 10 (ten) years of age (130 ¿ one hundred and thirty ¿ girls), 25 (twenty-five) per cent of each age and each grade (1st to 4th). Meanings attached to old age were raised and compared with specialists theories and evaluations; versions of the instrument were appraised by the children. The intervention involved pre-test, treatment and post-tests applied to 8 (eight) subgroups, two for each grade, in 5 sessions of 50 (fifty) minutes. Results: a DS was obtained with 14 (fourteen) items of 3 (three) intensities, in the domains cognition, agency, social relationships and persona. The Cronbach¿s alpha was 0,773 in the pre-test and 0,741 in the post-test. The attitudes were usually positive, but they got better in the posttest. The boys and older children had more negative attitudes, but they showed the most improvement in the post-test. Differences in persona occurred among the children that lived with the grandparents and the ones who didn¿t , and the latter had more negative results; the larger the number of activities accomplished with the grandparents, the more positive the attitudes in cognition. Conclusions: New methodological studies should enlarge the variability of the scale of 3 intensities and develop measurements of inner validity and criteria. The reading program was shown to promote motivation, proved effective to provoke change of attitudes and susceptible of enlargement and adaptation for children of other ages, as crosscurricular theme in fundamental education / Doutorado / Psicologia Educacional / Doutor em Educação

The aim of this paper is to describe how functions of metaphors relate to translation strategiesin a translation of a popular scientific article from English to Swedish. The investigation isbased on a close reading of the source and target texts which identifies metaphors of fourdifferent functions: pedagogical, theory-constitutive, decorative and narrative. The methodfor metaphor identification is adapted from Merakchi and Rogers (2013) while the translationstrategies discussed have been borrowed from Toury (2012). These strategies reflect realtranslator behaviour and take into account source and target texts equally. The investigation starts with a quantitative summary of translation strategies which showsthat in the vast majority of cases metaphors exist simultaneously in the source and targettexts, whether it is as ―the same‖ or a ―different‖ metaphor. The qualitative analysis bringsforward that metaphors in general have a narrative function, sometimes in addition to adifferent function. It goes on to show that narrative themes are important to create links i)within the text, ii) to the scientific community and iii) within a wider cultural context, andthat this works for both source and target text independently.

This thesis examines the realisation of archetypes, symbols and mythic processes reflected in the musical discourse of selected 20ftt Century stage musicals with a hero theme, namely The Fantasticks, Camelot, Jesus Christ Superstar and Man of La Mancha. Of these, Camelot and Jesus Christ Superstar are mythically by far the more complex, so these will receive correspondingly far greater attention to background, immediately prior to their musical analyses. Insofar as the mythic language of symbols is heavily invested with description, the text reflects this investment. The purpose of this research has been to examine the way in which composers of the 1960s and '70s have revealed symbolic entities inherent in the dramatic plots of these musicals without necessarily being academically aware of deliberately revealing these entities. This being the case, the symbolic grammar and structural psychic elements evident in the musicals could be said to elicit a symbolically related compositional response conveyed in musical structures. Furthermore, the implications of the mythic choice of the hero theme itself and how this is conveyed both in the drama and in compositional choices are examined and discussed in an attempt to comprehend the Zeitgeist of the era, and how its representation In a popular musico-dramatic genre contributes to our insights into human and societal health. / Thesis (DMus)--University of Pretoria, 2010. / Music / unrestricted

The development of this thesis is akin to that of a painting. It is subject to various influences that have evoked ideas and each idea has stimulated other ideas, thus the continuity could have gone beyond the bounds of this work. It is not so much an amalgamation of similar ideas but a development of diverse ideas which have, once composed, a common factor - the Multiple Image. Image refers to some paintings that have been made or part of them, a photograph, a film, a subject visualized in the mind or a complex reforms which is suggestive. Multiple refers to anything that relatively repeats itself, has facsimilies of itself, triptychs, polyptychs or is a conglomeration of ideas in a work of art. Intro., p. 1.

In the worlds of virtual reality, whole objects and bodies are created in an immaterial manner from lines, ratios and light pixels. When objects are created in this form they can easily be manipulated, edited, multiplied and deleted. In addition, technological advances in virtual reality development result in an increased merging of physical and virtual elements, creating spaces of mixed reality. This leads to interesting consequences where the physical environment and body, in a similar vein to the virtual, also becomes increasingly easier to manipulate, distort and change. Mixed realities thus enhance possibilities of a world of constantly changing landscapes and adjustable, interchangeable bodies. The notions of virtual and real coincide within this thesis, reflecting on a new version of reality that is overlapped and ever-present in its mixing of virtual and physical. These concepts are explored within my exhibition Immaterial - a creation of simulated nature encompassing a mix of natural and artificial, tangible and intangible. Within the exhibition space, I have created a scene of mixed reality, by merging elements of both a virtual and physical forest. This generates a magical space of new experiences that comes to life through the manipulated, edited, morphed and re-awakened bodies of trees.

My exhibition draws on Andreas Huyssen's notion of memory sculpture to articulate my own sense of loss and trauma, due to the divorce of my parents. Within my work I explore the effects that divorce had on me and how it has disturbed my normative understanding of home and family. I have created scenarios alluding to the family home that I have manipulated in order to convey a sense of nostalgia and loss. By growing salt crystals over found objects and/or cladding them in salt, I attempt to suggest the dual motifs of preservation (a nostalgic clinging to the past) and destruction (due to the salt’s corrosive properties). In this way, the salt-crusted objects serve as a metaphor for a memory that has become stagnant, and is both destructive and regressive. The objects encapsulate the mind’s coping methods to loss. In my mini thesis, I discuss characteristics of memory sculpture as a response to trauma, drawing on Sigmund Freud's differentiation between mourning and melancholia. I also unpack how objects and traces (such as photographs) may act as nostalgic triggers, inducing a state of melancholic attachment to an idealised past. I address these concerns in relation to selected works by Doris Salcedo and Bridget Baker, and also situate them in relation to my own art practice.

The problem of this study was to describe, analyze, and compare the effects of learning centers and curricular themes upon the writing production of four children within a kindergarten classroom which followed the whole language approach. This study was conducted in a public school. Four subjects were identified from the administration of the Book Handling Knowledge Task. Using the qualitative research method of case studies, the teacher-researcher kept observational notes concerning the writing behavior of the subjects. The written compositions of the subjects were collected daily throughout the school year and were assigned a context, learning center and curricular theme. The compositions were then coded as to writing frequency, function, and form. The following findings resulted from the study: writing occurred most frequently in the art center followed by dramatic play, language, sand, science, social studies, "other," eyes and hands, mathematics, and library-listening; writing occurred most frequently during the curricular theme of Christmas followed by self-concept, shapes and colors, farm animals, Thanksgiving, Winter, transportation, nursery rhymes, patriotic, Valentine, food and nutrition, Halloween, Spring, wild animals, community helpers, gingerbread man, Summer, Easter, and pets; all five functions of language were used in the art center, four in the language, dramatic play, social studies, and "other" centers, and three in all other centers; all five functions were used during the Valentine curricular theme, four during self-concept, transportation, Spring, and farm animals, three during food and nutrition, and nursery rhymes, two during eleven other curricular themes, and only one during Easter and pets; and gains were made in form by the end of the study. Writing was often in the last stage of spelling development and more print concepts were in evidence. The conclusions made were that some learning centers and curricular themes prompt more frequent writing and the use of more language functions.

This dissertation contributes to the ongoing analysis of art during the anni di piombo (1969-1983) by revisiting and challenging the well-established charge that artists failed to create meaningful reflections on terrorism during the years of lead. I analyze a select number of literary and filmic fictional representations of terrorists and their victims produced in Italy during the first half of the anni di piombo, up to Aldo Moro’s death. Reading these narratives in a comparative perspective, I argue that their symbolic reflection on terrorism becomes particularly evident in the representation of the body of the terrorist. Through my analysis I find that—despite the differences in medium, genre, intended audience, and kinds of political terrorism these narratives respectively explore—a similar fundamental criticism of terrorism as an essentially anti-political practice emerges. In this way, I show, these narratives can be read as contributions to the democratic debate on violence and the principle of civility in politics produced already during that period of great socio-political crisis.

This thesis explores the major themes of William Cullen Bryant's poetry. Chapter II focuses on Bryant's poetic theory and secondary criticism of his theory. Chapter III addresses Bryant's religious beliefs, including death and immortality of the soul, and shows how these beliefs are illustrated by his poetry. A discussion of the American Indian is the subject of Chapter IV, concentrating on Bryant's use of the Indian as a Romantic ideal as well as his more realistic treatment of the Indian in The New York Evening Post. Chapter V, the keystone chapter, discusses Bryant's scientific knowledge and poetic use of natural phenomena. Bryant's religious beliefs and his belief in nature as a teacher are also covered in this chapter.

Throughout the history of Western Music, composers have written works on rural and agricultural subjects. The first half of this dissertation examines a number of important works from the Baroque era through the present day and the composers who have chosen this specialized subject matter. Rural communities are underserved where the arts are concerned. Yet, rural audiences have perhaps the best chance at identifying with the subjects of this particular subset of vocal art music. The second half of this dissertation examines reasons why it is important to reach rural communities with vocal art music. Four sample recital programs appropriate for rural audiences are included.