Informe de Seminario para optar al grado de Licenciada en Lengua y Literatura Inglesa / The scope of this work is to understand the ways in which different elements concerning a postmodern view of Paul Auster’s In the Country of Last Things come together to conform a comprehensive understanding of this narrative. I plan on considering urban subjects and their movements within the city by means of space ―the place they occupy inside the city, their activities―how they plan on surviving, and the ways in which history and memory collide to form a sense of community that is long gone. Also, elements such as the city itself as a place where interactions between people living in duress are conducted, and the space as background for those interactions. All of these aspects will play part in finally acknowledging to what extent is this a city of ‘Last things’ a place which is on the verge of destruction, but that recycles and transforms the last things into new ones. This will take on the form of the point of view of a newcomer to the city, someone who experiences these new situations as she finds herself into them, with the fresh eyes of someone who has been outside it, and understands what the difficulties are in finding a sense of belonging in a place which does not lend itself to do so, but in doing so finds herself entangled in the city’s movements.

With the ever increasing number of Internet of Things devices going out on the market for consumers that are Zigbee certified there is a need for security testing. This is to make sure that security standards are upheld and improved upon in order to make sure networks are protected from unauthorized users. Even though a lot of research and testing has been done on the Zigbee key exchange mechanism, called Zigbee commissioning, improvements have still not been enough with severe vulnerabilities in consumer grade devices still existing today. The devices tested in this study use EZ-mode commissioning in order to exchange the network key between a Zigbee coordinator and a Zigbee end device in order to encrypt later communication after being paired.  By using a simple radio receiver and a packet capturing program such as Wireshark an eavesdropping attack was conducted in order to capture the network key. The experiment demonstrates that this is still a weak point as the network key was successfully captured using eavesdropping. The analysis of the results show that previous criticisms of Zigbee commissioning have still not fully been addressed and can be a potential weak point in networks that use Zigbee certified IoT products.

Recently, technology advancement has brought improvement in all the sectors, including the railway sector. The Internet of Things (IoT) based railway systems have immense potential to improve quality and systems that will enable more efficient, environmental friendly railway system. Many research brought innovations that offer enormous benefits for rail travel. The current research focuses on the railway industries, as they want to reap the benefits of IT concept such as Cloud Computing, Information Security, and Internet of Things (IoT). Railway industries are generating a large volume of data every day from different sources. In addition, machine and human interactions are rapidly increasing along with the development of technologies. This data need to be properly gathered, analysed and shared in a way that it is safe from different types of cyberattacks and calamities. To overcome smart devices’ and Cloud’s limitations, the new paradigm known as Fog computing has appeared. In which an additional layer processes the data and sends the results to the Cloud. Despite numerous benefits of Fog, computing brings into IoT-based environments, privacy and security issues remain the main challenge for its implementation. Hence, the primary purpose of this research is to investigate the potential challenges, consequences, threats, vulnerabilities, and risk management of data security in the railway infrastructure in the context of eMaintenance.

In today’s society blockchains and the Internet of things are two very discussed subjects this has led to thoughts about combining them by using a blockchain in Internet of things. This objective of this study has been to solve the problem which hashing algorithms is the best for a blockchain used in an Internet of things network. This have been done by first selecting a few hashing algorithms and setting up a scenario where a blockchain can be used in an Internet of things network. After that I specified what to compare, speed, input length and output length. The study has been conducted with the aid of literary studies about the hashing algorithms and a program that implements the algorithms and tests their speed. The study has shown that out of the selected hashing algorithms MD5, SHA-256, SHA3-256 with the conditions specified for the study that the hashing algorithm SHA3-256 is the best option if speed is not of the utmost importance in the scenario since it is from a newer standard and do not have a max input length. If speed is the very important in other words if SHA3-256 is to slow then SHA-256 would be best for the Internet of things network.

Abstract: The emergence and development of tourism attractions in inner cities throughout the world has given rise to a number of scholarly debates in the academic study of urban tourism. While academic scholarship in the field of urban tourism began with the cities of the developed states mostly in the 1980s, the emergence and development of tourism initiatives in the inner cities of the developing states in 1990s has drawn a great deal of attention to the South as well. This research explores the emergence and development of an inner city tourism initiative in the form of a craft project known as Beautiful Things. Beautiful Things is a two-year-old craft project located at Newtown’s Cultural Precinct, in the inner city of Johannesburg. The project was inaugurated at the World Summit on Sustainable Development in August 2002, and has since its relocation to the inner city of Johannesburg in December 2002, contributed significantly to the physical, social and economic regeneration of this area. The study of this project is very important in that it is shedding some light on the role of heritage and cultural industries in rejuvenating declining inner cities. It gives light on how Newtown Cultural Precinct as a whole functions within the inner city of Johannesburg. In spite of this project’s role in the development of the Johannesburg inner city, Beautiful Things has not yet been explored for academic research. This research on Beautiful Things is set to be informative on a number of theoretical issues underpinning the development of urban heritage and cultural tourism in general and the development of tourism in Johannesburg. The findings of the study of Beautiful Things reveal important international trends on the development of heritage and cultural attractions in inner cities and elucidate a number of similarities in the development of tourism policies across the cities of the world. This research begins with a chapter on the international experiences of heritage and cultural tourism developments in inner cities and then follows by a study of Johannesburg’s tourism policy and strategy developments. Both chapters are vital in providing the context under which Beautiful Things came to emerge in the inner city of Johannesburg, performing an important role of regenerating the declining inner city. The last part of this research is an empirical confirmation study of physical, social and economic contributions of Beautiful Things in the inner city of Johannesburg. The research is informed by theories of neo-liberalization, local economic development, and inner city regeneration.

Orientador: João Pedro Albino / Banca: Maria Cristina Gobbi / Banca: Kelton Augusto Pontara da Costa / Resumo: Diariamente, somos expostos a radiação ultravioleta e sem que percebamos, podemos estar aptos a enfrentar problemas posteriores por causa das ações maléficas da ultravioleta sobre nossa pele, podendo desenvolver um câncer no futuro. Ações de prevenção são necessárias inclusive alertas visuais ou fontes de consultas. A Internet das Coisas é uma tecnologia em crescimento que permite que sensores sejam utilizados e que seus dados sejam coletados e armazenados. A integração com a Internet permite que as informações sejam disponibilizadas para consulta pública. Este relatório técnico apresentou o processo de elaboração de um dispositivo na plataforma Arduino e sua aplicação, a fim de apresentar os dados para análise de Raios Ultravioleta coletados online, disponibilizando-os para a comunidade, de forma a colaborar na divulgação de informações dos Índices de Radiação Ultravioleta para que as pessoas pudessem se prevenir contra os efeitos negativos advindo da exposição à tal radiação / Abstract: Every day, we are exposed to ultraviolet radiation and without realizing it, we may be able to face later problems because of the harmful actions of ultraviolet on our skin and may develop a cancer in the future. Prevention actions are required including visual alerts or sources of queries. The Internet of Things is a growing technology that allows sensors to be used and their data to be collected and stored. Integration with the Internet allows information to be made available for public consultation. This technical report presented the process of elaboration of a device in the Arduino platform and its application, in order to present the data for analysis of Ultraviolet Rays collected online, making them available to the community, in order to collaborate in the dissemination of information of the Indices of Ultraviolet radiation so that people could be warned against the negative effects of exposure to such radiation / Mestre

Morgan Ndlovu, Student no 0000141H, MA thesis, School of Arts, Faculty of Humanities, 2006. email: mn59@sussex.ac.uk / The emergence and development of tourism attractions in inner cities throughout the world has given rise to a number of scholarly debates in the academic study of urban tourism. While academic scholarship in the field of urban tourism began with the cities of the developed states mostly in the 1980s, the emergence and development of tourism initiatives in the inner cities of the developing states in 1990s has drawn a great deal of attention to the South as well. This research explores the emergence and development of an inner city tourism initiative in the form of a craft project known as Beautiful Things. Beautiful Things is a two-year-old craft project located at Newtown’s Cultural Precinct, in the inner city of Johannesburg. The project was inaugurated at the World Summit on Sustainable Development in August 2002, and has since its relocation to the inner city of Johannesburg in December 2002, contributed significantly to the physical, social and economic regeneration of this area. The study of this project is very important in that it is shedding some light on the role of heritage and cultural industries in rejuvenating declining inner cities. It gives light on how Newtown Cultural Precinct as a whole functions within the inner city of Johannesburg. In spite of this project’s role in the development of the Johannesburg inner city, Beautiful Things has not yet been explored for academic research. This research on Beautiful Things is set to be informative on a number of theoretical issues underpinning the development of urban heritage and cultural tourism in general and the development of tourism in Johannesburg. The findings of the study of Beautiful Things hopes to reveal important international trends on the development of heritage and cultural attractions in inner cities and to elucidate a number of similarities in the development of tourism policies across the cities of the world. This research begins with a chapter on the international experiences of heritage and cultural tourism developments in inner cities and is then followed by a study of Johannesburg’s tourism policy and strategy developments. Both chapters are vital in providing the context under which Beautiful Things came to emerge in the inner city of Johannesburg, performing an important role of regenerating the declining inner city. The last part of this research is an empirical confirmation study of physical, social and economic contributions of Beautiful Things in the inner city of Johannesburg. The research is informed by theories of neo-liberalization, local economic development, and inner city regeneration.

A RESEARCH REPORT SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF COMMERCE, LAW AND MANAGEMENT, UNIVERSITY OF THE WITWATERSRAND, IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF MANAGEMENT SPECIALISING IN ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND NEW VENTURE CREATION Johannesburg, 2016 / Technology entrepreneurship is vital to economic development as it could have positive effects on employment and could rejuvenate industries, especially through disruptive technologies. Studies have shown that South Africa has one of the highest new venture failure rates across the globe and it is, therefore, becoming critical to determine the key factors of successful technology ventures that could contribute to sustaining new technology ventures in South Africa. With the Internet of Things (IoT) fast becoming the most exciting technology trend aimed at transforming everyday business and individual lives, this study set out to investigate the key success criteria for IoT new ventures, as well as key sectors for IoT within South Africa. Linking technology entrepreneurship and the opportunities provided by IoT, this research aims to identify the key success criteria of entrepreneurial ventures within South Africa, as well as analyse the South African IoT ecosystem to determine which sectors provide the greatest opportunity for technology entrepreneurs. This research was conducted through primary research across IoT new technology ventures, as well as enterprises across industries within South Africa. The study found that successful ventures and unsuccessful ventures have different entrepreneur characteristics. A key characteristic for successful IoT ventures is entrepreneur ambitions, while education is the biggest hindrance to unsuccessful ventures. The related car and fleet management industries were found to provide the largest opportunity for IoT entrepreneurship in South Africa. This study provides valuable insight into the IoT market that will aid the sustainability of IoT entrepreneurship. From an academic perspective, it supplements the existing literature on technology and IoT entrepreneurship in South Africa. / MT2016

Le Web des Objets s'inscrit dans divers domaines d'application, tels que la domotique, les entreprises, l'industrie, la médecine, la ville, et l'agriculture. Il se présente comme une couche uniforme placée au-dessus de l'Internet des Objets, afin de surmonter l'hétérogénéité des protocoles présents dans ces réseaux. Une valeur ajoutée des applications Web des Objets est de pouvoir combiner l'accès à divers objets connectés et sources de données externes avec des techniques standards de raisonnement sémantique (RDF-S,OWL). Cela leur permet alors d'interpréter et de manipuler de ces données en tant qu'informations contextuelles. Ces informations contextuelles peuvent être exploitées par ces applications afin d'adapter leurs composants en fonction des changements dans leur environnement. L'adaptation contextuelle est un défi majeur pour le Web des Objets. En effet, les solutions d'adaptation existantes sont soit fortement couplées avec leur domaine d'application (étant donne qu'elles reposent sur des modèles de contexte spécifiques au domaine), soit proposées comme composant logiciels autonomes, difficiles à intégrer dans des architectures Web et orientées sémantique. Cela mène alors à des problèmes d'intégration, de performance et de maintenance. Dans cette thèse, nous proposons une solution d'adaptation contextuelle multi préoccupations pour les applications Web des Objets, répondant à des besoins d'utilisabilité, de flexibilité, de pertinence et de performance. Notre travail se base sur un scenario pour l'agriculture numérique et se place dans le cadre de la plateforme orientée-avatar ASAWoO. Premièrement, nous proposons un Meta modèle générique permettant de concevoir des modèles contextuels standards, interopérables et réutilisables. Deuxièmement, nous présentons un cycle de vie du contexte et un workflow d'adaptation contextuelle, permettant la sémantisation de données brutes, ainsi que la contextualisation en parallèle durant l'exécution de l'application. Ce workflow combine des données issues de sources hétérogènes, telles que l'expertise du domaine, les documentations techniques des objets, les données de capteurs et de services Web, etc. Troisièmement, nous présentons une méthode de génération de règles d'adaptations basées sur des situations contextuelles, permettant de limiter l'effort des experts et concepteurs lors de l'élaboration d'applications adaptatives. Quatrièmement, nous proposons deux optimisations pour le raisonnement contextuel : la première adapte la localisation des taches de raisonnement en fonction du contexte, la seconde améliore le processus de maintenance incrémentale d'informations contextuelles / The Web of Things (WoT) takes place in a variety of application domains (e.g. homes, enterprises, industry, healthcare, city, agriculture...). It builds a Web-based uniform layer on top of the Internet of Things (IoT) to overcome the heterogeneity of protocols present in the IoT networks. WoT applications provide added value by combining access to connected objects and external data sources, as well as standard-based reasoning (RDF-S, OWL 2) to allow for interpretation and manipulation of gathered data as contextual information. Contextual information is then exploited to allow these applications to adapt their components to changes in their environment. Yet, contextual adaptation is a major challenge for theWoT. Existing adaptation solutions are either tightly coupled with their application domains (as they rely on domain-specific context models) or offered as standalone software components that hardly fit inWeb-based and semantic architectures. This leads to integration, performance and maintainability problems. In this thesis, we propose a multi-purpose contextual adaptation solution for WoT applications that addresses usability, flexibility, relevance, and performance issues in such applications. Our work is based on a smart agriculture scenario running inside the avatar-based platformASAWoO. First,we provide a generic context meta-model to build standard, interoperable et reusable context models. Second, we present a context lifecycle and a contextual adaptation workflow that provide parallel raw data semantization and contextualization at runtime, using heterogeneous sources (expert knowledge, device documentation, sensors,Web services, etc.). Third, we present a situation-driven adaptation rule design and generation at design time that eases experts and WoT application designers’ work. Fourth, we provide two optimizations of contextual reasoning for theWeb: the first adapts the location of reasoning tasks depending on the context, and the second improves incremental maintenance of contextual information

Background: Internet of Things is one of the most important areas of future technology and countless of industries are directing attention towards it. IoT has now started to appear in the sport industry. One sport that has not been investigated to the same extent within the terms of IoT is ice hockey. Problem Statement: Numerous teams in ice hockey have not yet realized the impact IoT may have on their team performance. With an absence in research on the use of IoT in the Swedish ice hockey industry, there is a knowledge gap on how Swedish ice hockey teams can grasp this opportunity and the main factors that affect their adoption. Research Purpose: IoT creates an opportunity for Swedish ice hockey teams to achieve a competitive advantage and thus a chance to gain new grounds in managing their teams. The purpose of this thesis is to investigate to what extent teams in the Swedish Hockey League are using IoT devices and explore the factors affecting the adoption process. Research Questions: To what extent are IoT devices used by teams in the Swedish Hockey League to increase teams’ performance? What main factors affect the adoption of IoT devices into teams in the Swedish Hockey League? Method: With an inductive approach, this qualitative research explores the IoT phenomenon in the context of ice hockey in SHL. With semi-structured interviews, this research gather data from the perspectives of seven SHL teams on IoT. By using a conventional content analysis, the data collected is categorized and divided into themes. Results: The use of IoT devices in SHL is low. The interest to adopt IoT devices is shared amongst many interview participants. When conducting the conventional content analysis on the data gathered from the interviews, certain themes became evident. The findings could be traced down to either their attitude, their competence within the field or their resources. Conclusion: The Internet of Things is changing the way professional sport teams are managed, coached, and led. The benefits that could be harvested from adopting IoT devices are undeniable, but there are several factors that facilitate a successful adoption. The culture and atmosphere in the organization, the skills and know-how, and the financial situation are all important parts of a successful adoption.