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This study outlines the development and use of several techniques providing an automated landing, roll out and turnoff of an aircraft, in an airport environment. A maximum runway occupancy time and a certain level of reliability are achieved by the use of a computer software called the Probabilistic Computer Model of Optimal Runway Turnoffs. A bunching of eight optimal high speed exits, representing four TERPS categories, is performed on a single runway. Feasibility of the system is determined by the use of Inertial Navigation and other aids such as the Microwave Landing System, Filtering Devices, Electronic Cockpit Airfield Display Formats, Real Time Flight Simulation and Field Testing, and a Braking Guidance Policy. It is suggested that future testing and a review of the Model be done. / M.S.

No / The operator of a traffic control centre has to select the most appropriate traffic control action or combination of actions in a short time to manage the traffic network when non-recurrent road traffic congestion happens. This is a complex task, which requires expert knowledge, much experience and fast reaction. There are a large number of factors related to a traffic state as well as a large number of possible control actions that need to be considered during the decision making process. The identification of suitable control actions for a given non-recurrent traffic congestion can be tough even for experienced operators. Therefore, simulation models are used in many cases. However, simulating different traffic actions for a number of control measures in a complicated situation is very time-consuming. This chapter presents an intelligent method for the real-time identification of road traffic actions which assists the human operator of the traffic control centre in managing the current traffic state. The proposed system combines three soft-computing approaches, namely fuzzy logic, neural networks, and genetic algorithms. The system employs a fuzzy-neural network tool with self-organization algorithm for initializing the membership functions, a genetic algorithm (GA) for identifying fuzzy rules, and the back-propagation neural network algorithm for fine tuning the system parameters. The proposed system has been tested for a case-study of a small section of the ring-road around Riyadh city in Saudi Arabia. The results obtained for the case study are promising and demonstrate that the proposed approach can provide an effective support for real-time traffic control.

The purpose of this research thesis was to develop a framework and methodology for the design of a graphical user interface to be used by air traffic controllers. The interface is intended to be only a part of a complete Advisory System designed to supplement the tasks of terminal area air traffic controllers. This research addresses many of the human factors issues associated with the development of the display. The research takes a user-perspective and applies the principles of rapid prototyping to develop the framework for the design of the interface. Attention is also given to the previous research that explores the implications of automating various air traffic control tasks. Finally, a prototype system was developed to fulfill one of the primary rapid prototyping steps. The prototype displays the general format for the various advisories and presents three typical scenarios where the system may be of particular use. In the future, the prototype can be used to gather additional information on the opinions and requirements of the future system users - air traffic controllers. It is anticipated that moderate benefits can be attained through the implementation of such a system, provided that the interface satisfies the user requirements. / Master of Science

This work constitutes a basic study of aircraft access to the terminal area queue. It has grown out of the increasing concern in developing methods to increase airport runway. acceptance rate to alleviate the problem of airspace bottleneck. Considering mainly airline traffic in principal passenger transport, a method is presented to specify the relationship between the total waiting time, on one hand, and the number of gate positions and aircraft parking spaces on the other. This relationship enables one to derive a feasible configuration of terminal gate facilities under various saturation levels. An attempt is then made to characterize an environment under which a proposed flow strategy will be implementable. / M.S.

The book series Die Entwicklung der Flugsicherung in Deutschland has been published in German. This is the first of two translated books. This documentation on the development of air traffic control in West Germany after 1945 explains the continuation of the further development of the establishment of military tactical air traffic control units, which began under the military governments of the victorious powers and the subsequent Allied occupation forces in Germany. This transport service of the first decade after the end of the war forms the cradle of modern European air traffic control as the main component of the entire air traffic control system. It ended with the partial restoration of air sovereignty in West Germany (BRD) in 1955 and the end of supervision of the restored Federal Air Traffic Control Administration by HICOM's Allied Civil Aviation Board - CAB in mid-1956.

The documentation by Frank W. Fischer deals with the development of the German air traffic control centre for the upper airspace of southern Germany RHEIN UAC with the radio call sign RHEIN CONTROL, which was operated on the Erbeskopf in the Hunsrück from 1957 to 1968 and from 1968 to 1977 at Frankfurt am Main Airport. The Rhine UAC air traffic control centre was known to all airlines and military units flying over Germany's upper airspace in the post-war period. In addition, this air traffic control centre had already been confronted with traffic problems since the 1950s, which other air traffic control centres and air traffic control service providers in Europe only had to contend with many years later. Rhein UAC was the cradle of a variety of methods and operational procedures for air traffic control that were unknown to other air traffic services at the time, and it was the time of the Cold War. Germany was divided and the air forces of the occupying powers overcrowded the airspace with almost 2,000 combat aircraft during the day and at night. Military air operations that the population had never heard about. The Cold War - the confrontation between East and West - also took place far above the clouds in the upper airspace. But many aspects of civil and military air traffic control had not yet been regulated. Some things had not even been invented yet. In particular, the mixture of civil and military operating and control procedures was unique. The uniqueness consisted of the combination of joint operations, personnel and air traffic control procedures. Three personnel contingents, namely the US Air Force, the Federal Air Traffic Control Centre and the German Armed Forces, managed flights of all traffic categories. This also included all military training and special flights as well as the target flights of major NATO air manoeuvres.

Wake vortices pose a threat to a following aircraft, because they can induce a roll and compromise the safety of everyone on board. Caused by a difference in pressure between the upper and the lower part of the wings, these invisible flows of air are a major hazard and have to be avoided by separating the aircraft at considerable distances. One of the known constraints in airport capacity for both departure and arrival operations is the large headway resulting from the wake spacing separation criteria. Reducing wake vortex separations to a safe level between successive aircraft can increase capacity in the National Airspace System (NAS) with corresponding savings in delay times. One of the main goals of the Wake Encounter Model (WEM) described in this thesis is to assess the outcome from future reduced separation criteria in the NAS. The model has been used to test probable encounters in today's operations, and can also be used to test NextGen scenarios, such as Close Parallel Approaches and reduced in-trail separation flights. This thesis presents model enhancements to account for aircraft turning maneuvers, giving the wake a more realistic shape. Three major airspaces, New York, Southern California and Atlanta, were analyzed using the original and the enhanced WEM to determine if the enhanced model better represents the conditions in today's operations. Additionally, some analysis on the wake lateral travel for closely spaced runways is presented in this thesis. Finally, some extension tools for post -analysis, such as animation tool and various graphs depicting the interactions between wake pairs were developed. / Master of Science