Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-05T14:01:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 19 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / O uso crescente de dispositivos móveis e a ampla difusão de redes sem fio vêm estimulando as pesquisas relacionadas com computação móvel e ubíqua. Neste contexto, a educação vem sendo considerada uma das principais áreas de aplicação. O acompanhamento da mobilidade do aprendiz, através de sistemas de localização e o suporte à ciência de contexto, possibilitam a descoberta de novas oportunidades educacionais. Atualmente existem diversas propostas para a organização de ambientes de educação ubíqua, embora a maioria utilize uma arquitetura centralizada. Essa abordagem, apesar de trazer benefícios como a facilidade de acesso aos dados dos aprendizes, tem desvantagens intrínsecas ao seu modelo, como a preocupação com a escalabilidade e a separação física entre o aprendiz e os seus dados de perfil. Como alternativa às abordagens centralizadas, este trabalho propõe um modelo de colaboração para ambientes descentralizados, que, baseado no modelo sócio-interacionista e na abordagem de agentes, auxilia no processo de a / The recent use of mobile devices and the widespread adoption of wireless computer networks have stimulated mobile and ubiquitous computing research. In this context, education is being considered one of the main application areas. The ability to accurately track the learner’s position through a location system and the context awareness support allow the discovery of new pedagogical opportunities. Nowadays, there are several approaches to the organization of ubiquitous computing environments, even if the majority of them employ a centralized architecture. This approach brings some benefits, like easing the access to the learner profiles, but it also has some disadvantages intrinsic to the model, like scalability concerns and the physical separation between the learners and their profile data. This work proposes a collaboration model created for decentralized environments, capable of improving the learning process through the stimulus to the interaction between learners. This approach is modeled using agents, e

Submitted by JOSIANE SANTOS DE OLIVEIRA (josianeso) on 2018-09-21T16:30:07Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Marcos Rodrigues Lima_.pdf: 2368082 bytes, checksum: aea8ebff078a4b62437caa62a44e1f81 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-21T16:30:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Marcos Rodrigues Lima_.pdf: 2368082 bytes, checksum: aea8ebff078a4b62437caa62a44e1f81 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-02-26 / IFRR - Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia de Roraima / Apreender uma nova língua é uma tarefa que muitos buscam realizar seja por necessidade profissional ou pessoal. O mundo está cada vez mais interligado em função dos dispositivos móveis e redes sem fio, e pode facilitar o processo educacional e a aprendizagem de idiomas. Considera-se que a computação ubíqua aplicada à educação pode contribuir com processo de aprendizagem por meio de suas aplicações e ambientes os quais retratam uma realidade permeada de computadores. O modelo Ubilang utiliza uma base de dados externa de localização para fornecer conteúdo de aprendizagem contextualizada com uso de ontologias construídas a partir dos contextos do usuário. Sua funcionalidade é realizar busca de elementos externos para potencializar o aprendizado no ambiente do aprendiz. Como principal contribuição este trabalho propõe um modelo computacional de aprendizagem ubíqua de idiomas com ciência de contexto chamado Ubilang que utiliza como referência informações de contexto associado a uma base de dados externa de localização a fim de fornecer conteúdo de aprendizagem contextualizada. O modelo foi avaliado por meio de protótipo que utilizou como base os contextos de localização e tempo por meio de análise de cenário. Os resultados foram positivos quanto à aplicação do modelo Ubilang para disponibilizar conteúdo com base na localização e horário do aprendiz. Foi encontrado uma sensível diferença quanto a disponibilidade de conteúdo quando a seleção foi realizada por horário. / Grasp a new language is a task that many seek to achieve is for professional or personal need. The world is increasingly interconnected in terms of mobile devices and wireless networks, and can facilitate the educational process and learning of languages. It is considered that ubiquitous computing applied to education can contribute co the learning process through their applications and environments that depict a reality permeated computers. The Ubilang model uses an external database location to provide contextualized learning content with use of ontologies constructed from the user contexts. Its functionality is to perform search for external elements to enhance learning in the learner's environment. The main contribution of this paper proposes a computational model of ubiquitous language with the context of science learning called Ubilang that uses as context information reference associated with an external database location to provide contextualized learning content. The model was evaluated using prototype used based on the time and location contexts by scenario analysis. The results were positive and the application of Ubilang model to deliver content based on location and time apprentice. It was found a significant difference in the availability of content when the selection was made by time.

Aplicações sensíveis a contexto utilizam informações de contexto para fornecer serviços adaptados a usuários na realização de suas tarefas. Informação de contexto é qualquer informação considerada relevante para caracterizar entidades de uma interação usuário-computador, como a identidade e a localização de usuários. Esta tese trata a carência de uma abordagem que considere, em termos de processo de software, a complexidade de desenvolvimento de software sensível a contexto. O problema em questão é tratado por meio de três linhas de investigação: modelagem de informação contextual, serviços para tratamento de informação contextual e processo de software para computação sensível a contexto. As contribuições desta tese incluem: (i) o processo de software POCAp (Process for Ontological Context-aware Applications) para apoiar a construção de aplicações sensíveis a contexto baseadas em ontologias; (ii) o modelo de informações de contexto SeCoM (Semantic Context Model) baseado em ontologias e em padrões da Web Semântica; (iii) a infra-estrutura de serviços configuráveis SCK (Semantic Context Kernel) para interpretar informações de contexto apoiadas por modelos ontológicos de informação contextual, como o modelo SeCoM; (iv) uma instanciação do processo POCAp correspondente à extensão de uma aplicação com informações de contexto apoiadas pelo modelo SeCoM, e sua integração com serviços da infra-estrutura SCK; e (v) a identificação de questões de projeto relacionadas à inferência sobre informação contextual ontológica / In order to provide adaptive services according to users? tasks, context-aware applications exploit context information, which is any information used to characterize entities of a user-computer interaction such as user identity or user location. This thesis deals with the lack of a software process-based approach to supporting the inherent complexity of developing context-aware systems. The work reported in this thesis followed three main lines of investigation: context information modeling, services for processing context information, and a software process for context-aware computing. The contributions of this thesis include: (i) the Process for Ontological Context-aware Applications (POCAp) to support the development of context-aware applications based on ontologies; (ii) the Semantic Context Model (SeCoM) based on Semantic Web standards and ontologies; (iii) the Semantic Context Kernel (SCK) services infrastructure for interpreting ontological context information models such as the SeCoM model; (iv) an implementation of the POCAp process for the extension of an application with context information based on the SeCoM model, and its integration with services of the SCK infrastructure; and (v) the identification of design issues related to the inference over ontology-based context information

Submitted by Aline Batista (alinehb.ufpel@gmail.com) on 2018-04-18T15:04:36Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Dissertacao_Diorgenes_Yuri_Leal_da_Rosa.pdf: 3317198 bytes, checksum: ffad37e3b8f5606e8102f983c5628ac8 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Aline Batista (alinehb.ufpel@gmail.com) on 2018-04-19T14:43:29Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertacao_Diorgenes_Yuri_Leal_da_Rosa.pdf: 3317198 bytes, checksum: ffad37e3b8f5606e8102f983c5628ac8 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-19T14:43:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertacao_Diorgenes_Yuri_Leal_da_Rosa.pdf: 3317198 bytes, checksum: ffad37e3b8f5606e8102f983c5628ac8 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-12-22 / Sem bolsa / As infraestruturas computacionais modernas, típicas da Computação Ubíqua, pressupõem características de flexibilidade e de permissividade quanto a conectividade do ambiente. Estas características contribuíram ao longo dos últimos anos com a concretização da emergente Internet das Coisas, a qual estende a demanda de conectividade e, por conseguinte, eleva o tráfego em redes de computadores. Entretanto, os mesmos fatores que permitem estas evoluções também potencializam problemas no que diz respeito a Segurança da Informação. Recorrentemente são implantadas, em redes de computadores, soluções de Segurança da Informação para fins específicos, desenvolvidas em linguagens de sintaxe própria, provendo eventos em formatos também distintos. Estes fatores individualizam a análise destas soluções, o que acaba dificultando a identificação de incidentes. Neste sentido, a Ciência de Situação, enquanto estratégia capaz de integrar eventos de diferentes fontes, torna-se requisito fundamental para a implementação de controles de segurança, permitindo a flexibilidade típica da UbiComp. Considerando isto, a presente dissertação propõe uma abordagem ontológica para Ciência de Situação aplicada ao domínio de Segurança da Informação, denominada EXEHDA-SO (Execution Environment for Highly Distributed Applications - Security Ontology). Por meio de processamento de eventos heterogêneos, provenientes de diferentes fontes contextuais, busca-se uma contribuição a fase de compreensão de Ciência de Situação. O modelo EXEHDA-SO é apresentado em três fragmentos denominados Core, Scope e InterCell Analyzer. De forma a validar o modelo proposto foi desenvolvido um estudo de caso alusivo `a infraestrutura computacional da Universidade Federal de Pelotas. Nesta avaliação, considerando as características de heterogeneidade e distribuição do ambiente, foi possível observar as principais contribuições propostas nesta dissertação. / Modern computing infrastructures, typical of Ubiquitous Computing, assume characteristics of flexibility and permissiveness regarding the connectivity of the environment. These characteristics have contributed over the last few years to the emerging Internet of Things, which extends the demand for connectivity and therefore raises computer networks traffic. However, the same factors that allow these evolutions also potentiate problems with regard to Information Security. Information security solutions for specific purposes are developed in computer networks, developed in their own syntax languages, providing events in different formats. These factors individualize the analysis of these solutions, which brings difficulties to incidents identification. In this sense, Situational Science, as a strategy capable of integrating events from different sources, becomes a fundamental requirement for the security controls implementation, allowing the typical flexibility of UbiComp. Considering this, the present dissertation proposes an ontological approach to Situation Science applied to the Information Security domain, called EXEHDA-SO (Execution Environment for Highly Distributed Applications - Security Ontology). Through the processing of heterogeneous events, coming from different contextual sources, a contribution is made to the understanding phase of Situational Science. The EXEHDA-SO model is presented in three fragments called Core, Scope and InterCell Analyzer. In order to validate the proposed model a case study was developed allusive to Universidade Federal de Pelotas computational infrastructure. In this evaluation, considering the characteristics of heterogeneity and distribution of the environment, it was possible to observe the main contributions proposed in this dissertation.

Interfaces multimodais processam vários tipos de entrada do usuário, tais como voz, gestos e interação com caneta, de uma maneira combinada e coordenada com a saída multimídia do sistema. Aplicações que suportam a multimodalidade provêem um modo mais natural e flexível para a execução de tarefas em computadores, uma vez que permitem que usuários com diferentes níveis de habilidades escolham o modo de interação que melhor se adequa às suas necessidades. O uso de interfaces que fogem do estilo convencional de interação baseado em teclado e mouse vai de encontro ao conceito de computação ubíqua, que tem se estabelecido como uma área de pesquisa que estuda os aspectos tecnológicos e sociais decorrentes da integração de sistemas e dispositivos computacionais à ambientes. Nesse contexto, o trabalho aqui reportado visou investigar a implementação de interfaces multimodais em aplicações de computação ubíqua, por meio da construção de um framework de software para integração de modalidades de escrita e voz / Multimodal interfaces process several types of user inputs, such as voice, gestures and pen interaction, in a combined and coordinated manner with the system?s multimedia output. Applications which support multimodality provide a more natural and flexible way for executing tasks with computers, since they allow users with different levels of abilities to choose the mode of interaction that best fits their needs. The use of interfaces that run away from the conventional style of interaction, based in keyboard and mouse, comes together with the concept of ubiquitous computing, which has been established as a research area that studies the social and technological aspects decurrent from the integration os systems and devices into the environments. In this context, the work reported here aimed to investigate the implementation of multimodal interfaces in ubiquitous computing applications, by means of the building of a software framework used for integrating handwriting and speech modalities

Submitted by Silvana Teresinha Dornelles Studzinski (sstudzinski) on 2016-06-14T14:03:16Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Carlos Felipe Rocha Carneiro_.pdf: 2544491 bytes, checksum: fd21e5fffaf06a468e94644cb0dcfff0 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-14T14:03:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Carlos Felipe Rocha Carneiro_.pdf: 2544491 bytes, checksum: fd21e5fffaf06a468e94644cb0dcfff0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-30 / IFRR - Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia de Roraima / Nota-se, atualmente, que o avanço da tecnologia e a crescente quantidade de dispositivos móveis vêm estimulando o uso deste tipo de tecnologia. Porém, esses dispositivos não estão prontos para atender pessoas com determinados tipos de deficiência, especificamente o deficiente auditivo. O presente trabalho tem por objetivo propor um modelo de suporte ao deficiente auditivo chamado Hermes. O Hermes em relação aos trabalhos relacionados é o único a apresentar sensibilidade ao contexto, pois nenhum dos modelos avaliados apresenta essa característica. Além disso, Hermes suporta o reconhecimento de som, a localização de recurso e por fim, suporte a trilhas. A avaliação do modelo foi baseada em cenários, partindo de um recurso selecionado pelo usuário, mostrando que o aplicativo possui suporte à acessibilidade. O Hermes foi avaliado por 10 usuários, um deles deficiente auditivo. Os avaliadores aprovaram com 88% o aplicativo no quesito que buscou avaliar a facilidade percebida de uso, e com 90% o quesito de utilidade percebida. / It is perceivable that the technology advance and the growing on the amount of mobile devices have stimulated the use of this type of technology. Nevertheless, these devices are not completely available to people who have some types of disability, especially the hearing disability. This paper aims to propose a support model for the hearing impaired, an application called Hermes. Hermes in relation to the related works is the one to be sensitive to the context, because none of the evaluated models has this feature. Moreover, Hermes is able to recognize sounds, localize a resource and tracking supports. The evaluation of the sample was based on scenarios, where the starting point was a resource chosen by the user, showing that the application supports accessibility. Hermes application was evaluated by 10 users, one of them is deaf. The evaluators approved the requirement of ease to use in 88%, and the requirement of usefulness in 90%.

Le paradigme d'émergence spontanée de services (Spontaneous Emergence Paradigm, SEP) pour la mise en œuvre de l’informatique omniprésente ou diffuse (pervasive computing), consiste à fournir des services aux utilisateurs en fonction de leur environnement ad hoc. Ce paradigme a prouvé son efficacité et son adéquation aux applications distribuées sensibles au contexte. Ce travail se concentre sur deux aspects liés à la mise en œuvre des services SEP. Le premier se distingue de ce qui est proposé dans la littérature, par une approche physiologique de « Dead Reckoning » (Physiological Pedestrian Dead Reckoning Approach, PDR), qui permet de corriger les erreurs de positionnement à partir de données physiologiques comme la fréquence cardiaque et la vitesse de déplacement. Cette approche utilise des modèles stochastiques, qui reposent sur la distribution des probabilités des fréquences cardiaques précédemment collectées par rapport à la vitesse de déplacement de l’utilisateur (par exemple, par apprentissage via une marche sur un tapis roulant). Le modèle proposé permet ainsi d’ajuster les vitesses lues dans n’importe quel futur système PDR. Le deuxième aspect de cette recherche concerne la détection de réseaux d’affinités (Social Relationship Detection framework, SRD). Cette approche propose d’explorer le niveau d’affinité entre personnes en fonction de leur connexions et interactions selon plusieurs conditions. Ces connexions à des bornes WAP (Wireless Access Point), par rapport à chaque condition, sont consolidées pour former des distributions de probabilités. Par la suite, ces distributions de probabilités sont introduites dans un réseau de neurones (back propagation neural network) pour détecter et déterminer les affinités entre utilisateurs. Cette approche permet une prise de décision adaptative à chaque connexion au WAP et selon le comportement de l’utilisateur, contrairement aux approches classiques reposant uniquement sur une connaissance globale au préalable de la convergence des attributs des utilisateurs concernés. / Service Emergence Paradigm (SEP), based on a pervasive computing approach, consists of providing services to users within intended applications, transparently from their intentions, relatively to their needs, and regardless of the time and devices used. This considered paradigm has been proved sufficiently in applications that have context awareness schemes and various working threads. This research focuses on two aspects for providing SEP services. This first aspect is to implement a Physiological Pedestrian Dead Reckoning Approach (PPDR) that corrects position errors in pedestrian dead reckoning systems based on the heart rate parameter. This approach uses specific stochastic models that rely on probability distributions of previously collected heart rate values with respect to their velocities of a user during a treadmill walk. The reason behind this collection is to form a pattern that contributes in adjusting currently read velocities in any future PDR system. The second aspect of this research is the Social Relationship Detection framework (SRD). This approach proposes a mean for exploring the level of relationship between people by observing the network connection pattern of each person over several conditions. These connections, with respect to each condition, are consolidated to form a set that holds different probability distributions. These distributions are formed based on the users’ Wireless Access Point (WAP) connection establishment routine. Afterwards, the distributions of the probabilities are fed into a trained back propagation neural network to detect the level of relationship between candidate users for forthcoming friendship recommendations. This approach is elaborated in a technique that achieves intelligent decision-making whenever the connection pattern to the WAP and the user behavior are changing with time. It is also distinguished from other classical approaches that rely solely on prior knowledge of the convergence of the users’ attributes.

The Internet is a vastly under-utilised resource, only used for half of the IT story. Describe the Internet in two words and many might say ‘sharing knowledge’. But sharing information is more accurate. It’s just that all the principle ways we use the Internet — the Web, email and media streaming — happen to be examples where information is in the form of knowledge. But IT — Information Technology — has another side: the realm of software programming where information means the dynamic control of how things work. The Internet is the driving force in the IT industry, so why isn’t it also known for sharing control? True, there are examples of specialised, one-off software applications interfacing with each other via the Internet, but there has yet to be any systematic and universal attempt to exploit the potential of the Internet for control-IT in the way we have seen it for knowledge-IT. Taking the strengths of the Web model as a starting point, this thesis proposes a parallel, dynamic world to the Web called The Mesh. In the same way that the Web seamlessly connects databases of the world to provide a global font of knowledge, the Mesh would connect software of the world to provide a global means of control. The Mesh would embody all the successful, empowering features of the Web. Everyone would have a say in how things work, mirroring Web 2.0’s user-generated content but for software instead of media. In being a universally integrated design approach for device control, the Mesh would encompass a number of research areas working on the control issue at the big picture level. It would address the problems of universal usability and ubiquitous computing. It would also provide solutions in agent-based systems and grid computing. But many features of the Mesh would simply be unique. They would change the way we go about software design, leading to new opportunities for users, programmers and manufacturers alike. The key to everything is design simplicity. A concept demonstrator has been developed as an integral part of this research project. It shows that the Mesh is both feasible and practical. Examples of programs run in the concept demonstrator are discussed, showing exactly how the Mesh would be built and how it would work. / Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 2007

Researchers have approached the problem of designing context-aware systems, computer systems that can react intelligently to the context in which they are used, from both software engineering and human-centred perspectives. While engineered context-aware systems have found successful application in optimising technical settings without requiring mundane and explicit interaction from humans, challenges remain in furthering their application to more complex environments. In particular, when technical decisions and human actions are intertwined in sophisticated work environments (rather than, for example, the simple act of transferring a mobile phone call to receive a signal from the nearest tower), the problem of designing context-aware systems demands further examination and calls for a new approach. A natural extension of the software engineering approach in more challenging environments is to try to implement increasingly sophisticated algorithms for managing context in the hope that this will lead to autonomous application behaviour. In contrast, research from a human-centred perspective, grounded in the social sciences and philosophy, demonstrates that context is not entirely objective and measurable but rather is dynamic and created through human action. It may not be easily detected through technical sensing systems, and therefore simply employing more sophisticated algorithms within the technical sphere may not be effective. While engineering approaches have continued to evolve, the problem of how to design interfaces to context-aware applications still remains. The research reported in this dissertation investigated the problem of designing context-aware systems for the complex environment of a dental surgery. I undertook, though a participatory design approach (a) to better characterise the problem of designing context-aware systems, and (b) to understand how design methods could be employed to bridge the human and software engineering approaches. The gap in existing research on context-aware systems is evident in the way that the methods applied to designing systems don't provide an insight into how people actively create the context in which they work (in a practical rather than theoretical sense) they don‘t closely examine the behaviours of people, the role and arrangement of artefacts, and the dynamic relationships between people and artefacts. I found that an understanding of how these features of work and human behaviour are realised in practice in a given environment is fundamental to being able to design an effective context-aware system for that environment. The challenge is to design at the boundary between the technical and the social. The contribution of this thesis is an approach that explores context-aware design through synthesis. The synthetic approach leads to design opportunities and guidelines based on an understanding of the processes through which people actively co-create the context in which they work. I have applied and built upon a number of existing user-centred design and participatory design methods, in addition to creating some new methods in order to develop an understanding of how designers can examine the human aspects surrounding the co-creation of context and apply these in a way that progressively informs the design process. The methods collectively represent a novel approach to designing context-aware applications and differ from the more traditional technical approaches of developing software frameworks and infrastructures, and formal models of context, tasks, users, and systems. The techniques presented have focused primarily on developing an understanding of how humans find meaning in their actions along with their interaction with other people and technology. Participatory design methods help participants to reveal potential implicit technical resources that can be presented explicitly in technologies in order to assist humans in managing their interactions with and amidst technical systems gracefully. The methods introduced and the design approach proposed complement existing research on context-awareness from both a human-centred and software engineering perspective. This research builds on the notion of providing resources which allow users to manage their own context and also manage shifts in control while interacting with other people and with a variety of technical artefacts. It does this by examining a complex work environment, in particular looking at the kinds of resources people use and expect to use (and the constraints around these), the form(s) it is appropriate for them to take, and the patterns of interaction they will ultimately be used within.

Malgré des progrès récents, développer une application d'informatique ubiquitaire reste un défi à cause d'un manque de canevas conceptuels et d'outils aidant au développement. Ce défi implique de prendre en charge des objets communicants hétérogènes, de surmonter la complexité des technologies de systèmes distribués, de définir l'architecture d'une application, et d'encoder cela dans un programme. De plus, tester des applications d'informatique ubiquitaire est problématique car cela implique d'acquérir, de tester et d'interfacer une variété d'entités logicielles et matérielles. Ce procédé peut rapidement devenir coûteux en argent et en temps lorsque l'environnement ciblé implique de nombreuses entités. Cette thèse propose une méthodologie outillée pour dévelop- per et tester des applications d'informatique ubiquitaire. Notre méthodologie fournit tout d'abord le langage de conception DiaSpec. Ce langage permet de définir une taxonomie d'entités spécifiques à un domaine applicatif, s'abstrayant ainsi de leur hétérogénéité. Ce langage inclut également une couche permettant de définir l'architecture d'une application. Notre suite outillée fournit un compilateur qui, à partir de descriptions DiaSpec, génère un canevas de programmation guidant les phases d'implémentation et de test. Afin d'aider à la phase de test, nous proposons une approche de simulation et un outil intégré dans notre méthodologie outillée : l'outil DiaSim. Notre approche utilise le support de test généré par DiaSpec pour tester les applications de manière transparente dans un environnement physique simulé. La simulation d'une application est rendue graphiquement dans un outil de visualisation 2D. Nous avons combiné DiaSim avec un langage dédié permet- tant de décrire les phénomènes physiques en tant qu'équations différentielles, permettant des simulations réalistes. DiaSim a été utilisé pour simuler des applications dans des domaines applicatifs variés. Notre approche de simulation a également été appliquée à un système avionique, démontrant la généralité de notre approche de simulation.