Title: Analysis of offensive combinations of the Czech national team women's World Cup 2010 in Japan and its comparison with the women's team PVK Olymp Praha. Aim: The aim of this thesis is to compare the success of offensive combinations of the Czech national team women's World Cup 2010 in Japan and its comparison with the women's team extraligovým PVK Olymp Praha in the domestic league. Method: I used the method of analysis of video games in the Czech women's representation in the 2010 World Cup in Japan and PVK Olymp Praha team I always watched and analyzed live from Olymp's Hall in Prague and its rivals. For more accurate results, I also used video recordings of selected matches. The analysis is presented graphically, and I also made a quantitative and qualitative research offensive combinations constructed under separate analysis. Results: The results clearly show the differences between the two teams being compared in their offensive combinations and their success. Keywords: Volleyball Individual sporting activities Offensive punch Offensive combination Women's senior volleyball Women's top domestic competition World Cup 2010 in Japan

Sexy Sports: A reception study of the National Broadcasting Corporation (NBC) Olympics website coverage of women’s beach volleyball at the 2008 Beijing Olympics involves an examination of the sporting media and its reportage of the female athlete. The thesis will focus on the reception of the NBC Olympics website coverage of women’s beach volleyball at the 2008 Beijing Olympics by viewing groups constituted by the researcher. The reason for this is that it would be difficult to find naturally constituted audiences for this website, but its reception is never-the-less of research interest. My hypothesis is that the nature of the images and text on the website is overdetermined by the construction of women on other popular texts such as men’s magazines etc. In focusing on the meanings obtained from the content of the website (texts and images), the study will investigate how these meanings are naturalised in specific moments of production as well as through their intertextual relationships with similar texts involved in the glamorisation of female athletes. Specifically the study explores the meanings obtained from the content of the website (texts and images) and how in turn these meanings are naturalised by the consumers of the website. The study will utilise a qualitative research design to unpack the content of the website through the use of qualitative content analysis, focus group interviews and individual in-depth interviews. The research will be informed via a theoretical framework that draws from feminist theory, sport feminism, the concept of intertextuality between media texts, ideology and Stuart Hall’s model of preferred reading. Increasingly mainstream media uses the image of a woman’s body to sell almost anything from men’s razors to margarine and in so far as the reporting of women’s sports is concerned this holds true. Through the research I intend to account for the connotative power of other texts i.e. the men’s magazines and pornography, and how this is likely to be carried through into shaping the meanings that are read off the website. Arguably the production of the NBC texts and images are overdetermined by the existence of similar texts already in transmission in the circuit of culture.

The deregulation of snacks by the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) permits institutions to provide enhanced snacks incidental to participation. Athletes may now have the opportunity to improve their diet quality. The purpose of this research was to assess the consumption of fruits and vegetables as well as body composition of Division I collegiate athletes. The sample included 19 American football players and 8 volleyball players. Paired t-tests were performed to compare fruit intake, vegetable intake, and body fat percentage pre- and post-deregulation of snacks. Linear regression models were used to determine correlations between change in fruit intake and change in body fat percentage and change in vegetable intake and change in body fat percentage. There were no significant differences in the paired t-tests; however, there was a significant correlation in increasing fruit intake, vegetable intake, and decreasing body fat percentage among football players. Results suggest that regular contact with a Registered Dietitian may improve diet quality, and providing nutrient-dense foods planned by a Registered Dietitian to college athletes may improve body fat percentage.

Volleyball as a part of P.E. lesson at grammar schools Summary The aim of this thesis is to summarize issues about teaching volleyball during P.E. lessons at grammar schools. The core of this work lies in the empirical part, whose goal is to answer research questions about the form and the extent of teaching volleyball, students' preferences concerning this sport, and determining a methodical model of teaching volleyball. In the theoritical part you can find basic rules, six basic skills, information about formations and combinations, which are used in the game. The research part deals with determining of various hypothesis and they are either confirmed or disproven. The research methods used in this section are a questionnaire and an experiment itself. The last methodical part analyses training units of the experiment. As a result, voleyball lessons for boys at grammar schools are covered. The main contribution in this part is the elaboration of a model program consisting of 12 training units, which can be used by teachers in P.E. lessons. Key words: Grammar school, team sport, volleyball, physical education, basic skills

Tittle: Evaluating the with successfulness of playing actions of an individual in women's volleyball at the Olympic Games in Beijing 2008 Author: Eva Němcová Department: Department of physical training Supervisor: PaedDr. Ladislav Pokorný, Katedra tělesné výchovy Pedagogické fakulty Univerzity Karlovy v Praze, M. D. Rettigové 4, 116 39 Praha 1 Supervisor's e-mail adress: pok.lad@email.cz Abstract: This thesis is intended for interested people from general public, firstly as educational materials for a narrow group of teachers and coaches of volleyball on high schools, sports grammar schools, etc. The thesis includes chapters focused on history, characteristics of particular playing actions of an individual, playing systems, combinations and playing achievements. The research deals with successfulness of playing actions of an individual in women's volleyball at the Olympic Games in Beijing 2008. Keywords: volleyball, playing actions of an individual, spike, serv, block, digging, reception

Title: Relations between high, jumping and speed-dexterity parameters in older students' volleyball Objectives: The aim of this work is to identify and evaluate the relationships between high, jumping and speed-dexterity parameters in older students' volleyball in the years 2008 to 2012. Methods: For the processing and evaluation of data retrieved from the results of standardized tests for volleyball in individual years and generally used method of comparison (comparison) data were also used basic statistical methods (arithmetic mean, standard deviation, maximum, minimum, range of variation, T-sections, McCall criterion). The evaluation was performed by means of graphs and verbal assessment. Results: In the selection of the 20 highest players in each year from 2008 to 2012 could not be confirmed that the majority did not reach above the average of the absolute values after smash jump start, but it was confirmed that the majority did not reach above-average values when measuring speed-dexterity test, known as K-test measured against a whole group of players in a given year. Furthermore, according to the processed data confirmed that most of the selection of 20 of the K-test the best players in each year from 2008 to 2012 will achieve above-average values of the absolute jump start after smash...

Title of the thesis Evaluation of the impact of service on the match result in qualification for Men's European Volleyball Championship 2017 Abstract The aim of this thesis is to evaluate the influence of service on the match result in qualification for the 2017 Men's Volleyball European Championship, using indirect video monitoring, and trace the success rate and frequency of individual types of services. Our intention is to show the importance of this individual game activity in a match with our own method and through the interpretation of the acquired data help with the creation of training units in the training process. Key words: - volleyball - game performance - individual game activity - serve - success rate - match

O objetivo do estudo foi investigar a relação da freqüência autocontrolada de CR em adolescentes com níveis extremos de ansiedade-traço na aquisição do saque por cima do voleibol. Quarenta e oito escolares do sexo feminino, entre 12 e 14 anos, foram distribuídas em 4 grupos de acordo com os níveis de ansiedade (alto e baixo) e de freqüência de Conhecimento de Resultados - CR (autocontrolada e yoked). O experimento constou de cinco fases: pré-teste (5 tentativas), fase de aquisição (240 tentativas), fases de transferência imediata e atrasada e fase de retenção (8 tentativas cada). Os resultados, relativos à precisão do saque no alvo, mostraram que não houve diferença significativa entre os grupos altos e baixos ansiosos sob os regimes de freqüências autocontrolada de CR e yoked, tanto na fase de aquisição quanto nos testes de transferência e retenção. No entanto, duas tendências descritivas merecem destaque: (1) as meninas alto ansiosas apresentaram melhores desempenhos tanto na fase de aquisição quanto nos testes de transferência/retenção e pediram mais CR do que as baixo ansiosas na aquisição; (2) os grupos com freqüência de CR autocontrolada mostraram melhores resultados na fase de aquisição e transferência do que os grupos yoked. Além disso, o desempenho de todas as participantes foi superior nas tentativas com CR em comparação às tentativas sem CR e a maioria das adolescentes do grupo autocontrolado optou por receber CR após boas tentativas / The goal of the study was to investigate the relationship of the self-controlled frequency of knowledge of results in adolescents with extreme levels of trait - anxiety in the acquisition of the overhead serve in Volleyball. Forty-eight female students, between 12 and 14 years of age, were divided into four groups according to their levels of anxiety (high and low), and the frequency of knowledge of results (self-controlled and yoked). The experiment consisted of five phases: pre-test (5 trials), the acquisition phase (240 trials), immediate and late transfer phases, and the retention phase (8 trials each). The results, based upon the accuracy of the serve on the target, showed that there was no significant difference between the high-anxiety and low-anxiety groups in terms of self-controlled and yoked knowledge of results. This was as much the case in the acquisition phase as in the tests of transfer and retention. However, two discrete tendencies are worthy of closer examination: (1) the high-anxiety girls demonstrated better performance in the acquisition phase as well as in the tests of transfer/retention and requested more knowledge of results than those with low-anxiety during acquisition; (2) the groups with a frequency of self-controlled knowledge of results had better results in the acquisition and transfer phases then the yoked groups. Furthermore, the performance of all participants was better in the trials with knowledge of results when compared to the trials without, and the majority of adolescents in the self-controlled group chose to receive knowledge of results after good trials

De acordo com o efeito da interferência contextual (EIC), a prática variada aleatória ou prática com alta interferência contextual (abcbcacbabac) proporciona pior desempenho de aquisição, porém melhor transferência e retenção em comparação à prática variada em blocos ou prática com baixa interferência contextual (aaaabbbbcccc). Entretanto, muitas pesquisas não confirmaram totalmente o EIC, o que põe em dúvida a aplicação do princípio no domínio motor. Através de um procedimento metodológico que prolongou a transferência (aumento do número de tentativas), o objetivo do presente estudo foi verificar se o EIC é um fator duradouro, temporário ou inexistente. Trinta e seis escolares do sexo feminino, com idades entre 12 e 14 anos, foram distribuídas em dois grupos de prática variada em função dos resultados de um teste de entrada: grupo aleatório e grupo em blocos. As tarefas de aquisição foram os saques de voleibol por baixo e por cima, a dois alvos afixados no solo. A tarefa de transferência foi o saque japonês a um terceiro alvo. Todos os saques foram executados a cinco metros da rede. O experimento constou de quatro fases: teste de entrada (oito tentativas), fase de aquisição (288 tentativas), fase de transferência (84 tentativas) e fase de retenção (12 tentativas). Os resultados das medidas de precisão e de padrão de movimento mostraram que não houve diferenças estatisticamente significantes entre os grupos em nenhum dos blocos do experimento. Logo, a estrutura da prática variada não influiu de forma significante no desempenho da tarefa nova. Ademais, os resultados não deram suporte à hipótese de MAGILL & HALL (1990), segundo a qual o EIC ocorre quando as variações da tarefa pertencem a programas motores diferentes. Ainda, o presente estudo reforçou a tendência de que o EIC não ocorre com crianças e com a utilização de tarefas de campo. / According to the contextual interference effect (CIE), practicing several motor skills under random practice or high contextual interference practice (abcbcacbabac) facilitates retention and transfer in comparison to practicing the same tasks under blocked practice or low contextual interference practice (aaaabbbbcccc). This learning phenomenon has led to a considerable amount of research. However, no definite trend in the results has been found, which makes its acceptance in the motor learning domain questionable. By extending the transfer phase (increasing the number of transfer trials), the aim of this study was to assess whether the CIE is temporary, lasting or non-existent. Accordingly, based on the scores of the pre-test, thirty-six schoolgirls (12 -14 years of age) were allocated to either a blocked or a random group. The acquisition tasks were the underhand and overhand volleyball serves, to two targets placed on the floor. The transfer task was the round house (Asian floater) volleyball serve to a third target. All serves were performed five meters away from the net. The experimental design consisted of four phases: pre-test (eight trials), acquisition (288 trials), transfer (84 trials) and retention (12 trials). The results of precision and movement pattern measures did not provide support to the CIE, since there were no significant statistical differences between the groups in any of the phases. The structure of variable practice did not affect the performance of the new task. Likewise, there was no support to the MAGILL & HALL (1990) hypothesis that, when task variations involve learning of different motor programs, the benefit of random practice over blocked practice would be found. Moreover, the present study reinforced the trend that the CIE does not take place in children as well as with field tasks.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-27T14:20:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MARCOS PAULO GOMES DE ARAUJO.pdf: 1260442 bytes, checksum: 955ac57258629e7d5991a3817f55a8ac (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-03-14 / Among several motor skills training techniques, covert rehearsal (or covert practice, mental training, symbolic repetition, mental practice, mental rehearsal, imagined execution, visualization, mentalizing ) has been used to improve sportive performance. From a radical behaviorism perspective, imagining is conceived as covert behavior. To imagine is see something in the absence of the thing being seen, with this seeing in the absence analogous in nature to the seeing when the thing saw is present. Who is imagining, are not doing two different things in these two different situations, but the same thing. In this sense, imagining is behavior. The effect of covert rehearsal upon motor skills executions depends of variables such as the mode and/or context in which the technique is used. The objective of the present study was to verify the effect of training procedures composed by instructional variables and covert rehearsal technique upon the motor execution of the volleyball overhand serve. Eight (8) teenagers, both sexes (six [6] men), with ages between 13 and 15 years, regular basic level apprentices in a volleyball initiation course, served as experimental participants. Randomly distributed into three groups, all participants were exposed to four experimental conditions: Baseline (BL), Regular Training (RT), Instructed Covert Rehearsal Training (ICR) and Covert Rehearsal Training with a Model (CRM). Groups differ in the order of exposition to the conditions from the second one, with the BL as the first condition for all groups. In each condition, participants executed ten (10) overhand serves, everyone filmed by the experimenter. Thirteen (13) volleyball experts (judges) evaluated the last three (3) BL serves and the first three (3) serves executed after exposition to RT, ICR and CRM conditions. Executions filmed were presented randomly and judges used a specific protocol to evaluate and quantify serve adequacy, considering serves in four main components (initial position, ball throwing, ball attack and finalization). Statistical analyses to verify order effects showed that the different order expositions to the experimental conditions did not affect executions, with no significant differences observed between the three groups. Friedman variance analysis, with the experimental conditions data taken together, showed that, for 31,25% comparisons, significant differences were observed between BL executions and that after covert rehearsal conditions (specially, in the ICR condition, but in the CRM condition too), but in a minor percent between these conditions. Results were interpreted in terms of: 1) the developmental level of self-perceptive, verbal and motor repertoires of the apprentices trained, 2) the nature of the control that can be exerted by the instructional components in the covert rehearsal conditions and 3) the interrelation between verbal (speaker and listening behaviors) and perceptual (imagining) variables as related with motor performance. / Dentre as várias técnicas de treinamento de habilidades motoras, o ensaio encoberto (ou prática encoberta, treino mental, repetição simbólica, prática mental, ensaio mental, execução imaginada, visualização, mentalização) tem sido usada com o objetivo de melhorar o desempenho esportivo. Na perspectiva do behaviorismo radical, o imaginar é entendido como comportamento encoberto. Imaginar é ver algo na ausência da coisa vista, sendo este ver na ausência análogo em natureza ao ver quando o que se vê está presente. Quem imagina, não está fazendo duas coisas diferentes nas duas situações, mas a mesma coisa. Nesse sentido, imaginar é um comportamento. O efeito do ensaio encoberto sobre a execução de habilidades motoras depende de variáveis tais como o modo e/ou o contexto em que a técnica é utilizada. O objetivo do presente estudo foi verificar o efeito de treinamento composto por variáveis instrucionais e técnica de ensaio encoberto sobre a execução motora do saque por cima do voleibol. Oito (8) adolescentes, de ambos os sexos (6 homens), com idade variando entre 13 e 15 anos, alunos regulares de iniciação ao voleibol, serviram como participantes do experimento. Distribuídos aleatoriamente em três grupos, todos os participantes foram expostos a quatro condições experimentais: Linha de Base (LB), Treinamento Padrão (TP), Treinamento com Ensaio Encoberto Instruído (TEI) e Treinamento com Ensaio Encoberto com Modelo (TEM). Os grupos diferiram quanto à ordem de exposição às condições a partir da segunda, sendo a LB a primeira para todos os grupos. Em cada condição, os participantes executaram dez (10) saques, todos eles tendo sido filmados pelo experimentador. Treze (13) avaliadores peritos em voleibol avaliaram, assistindo aos filmes, a execução dos três (3) últimos saques da condição LB e a execução dos três (3) primeiros após a exposição às condições TP, TEI e TEM. Nos filmes, as execuções foram apresentadas em ordem aleatória e a avaliação foi feita a partir de protocolo específico para dimensionar a adequação do saque, a partir dos seus quatro componentes principais (posição inicial, lançamento da bola, ataque à bola e finalização). Análise estatística dos dados para verificar efeito de ordem de exposição às condições mostrou que tal efeito não ocorreu, não sendo significativas as diferenças entre os três grupos. Tomados os dados em conjunto por condição experimental, análise de variância de Friedman mostrou que, em 31,25% das comparações, diferenças significativas ocorreram entre as execuções em LB e aquelas pós-ensaios encobertos (em especial no TEI, mas também no TEM), mas em número bem menor entre as condições. Os resultados foram interpretados quanto: 1) ao nível de desenvolvimento dos repertórios auto perceptivo, verbal e motor dos aprendizes expostos aos treinamentos, 2) a natureza do controle que pode ser exercido pelos componentes instrucionais nas condições com ensaio encoberto e 3) a inter-relação entre variáveis verbais (comportamentos de falante e ouvinte) e perceptuais (imaginação) na relação com o desempenho motor.