No description available.

ABSTRACT Professor Peter Steele S.J. cuts a fascinating figure both in contemporary scholarship and poetic achievement. His work extends over a vast range of genre from poetry to criticism, public address and intellectual journalism. Some of his huge literary output is published, some of it awaits publication, and much of it is either uncollected or held in archival situations. Steele is a writer who matters today not only by virtue of his leading a distinguished academic career, and being a widely published poet, but also because for some two decades he has been a focal figure in the Society of Jesus in Australia and New Zealand and has had extensive experience as he would say 'plying his priesthood' in various British and American Jesuit institutions. This has resulted in a large volume of mostly unpublished writings ranging from prayers, liturgies and reflections to homilies for private and public occasions. The challenge of addressing Steele�'s literary achievement lies in the fact that his spiritual insights form the basis of his poetic, academic, and ethical imagination. This thesis has attempted to identify the core nature of these insights and to trace the way in which they ramify into the world of people, events, and art, especially literature. The basic issue concerns the principle of radiance, how it finds expression through Steele�s major motifs or figures of Jester, Pilgrim Expatriate, Celebrant and Word or Witness, and how this principal operates as the unifying basis of his thought. The thesis tries to investigate this unifying vision within the subtle diversity of the many ways Steele encounters the modern world. In identifying Steele�s structure of thought as a radiant entity focused on the theocentre of God and emanating to the Incarnate God, to the writers of the gospels and epistles, to St. Ignatius, to St. Edmund Campion and to all people especially artists, it has been necessary to shape each chapter in a roughly parallel manner and to organise it according to these stratafications. Each chapter places the individual motif within Steele�'s individual and Ignatian milieux, and examines the function of the particular figure or motif under investigation. Each chapter will then trace the figure (Fool, Pilgrim / Expatriate, Celebrant or Word Witness), as Steele sees it manifest in God, in Christ, in the scriptures, and as he understands it imparted to Campion, to Ignatius as he writes the Spiritual Exercises and to writers (and readers) of literature. Each chapter also has variations appropriate to its subject matter and medium so that for instance the chapter treating Steele�s Pilgrim figure will consider his treatment of it in both p oetics and homiletics and that treating the Word or Witness will predominantly relate to that figure to his critical appraisal of Peter Porter�s p oetry and the organisation of the latter will break from the established pattern of organisation in several major ways. This thesis offers a study of a rich Australian talent operating intellectually, academically, imaginatively and spiritually. If one were to seek to place Steele amongst similarly minded writers one would have to locate him in the community of writers recognised for their classical and contemporary sophistication, writers such as Peter Porter, Seamus Heaney, Joseph Brodsky, Derek Walcott and Anthony Hecht. In this sense Steele is international rather than Australian in his emphasis; but being a true international he also includes Australia in his thinking.

Although it is well established that persons with traumatic brain injury (TBI) experience word retrieval difficulties, the underlying cause of these deficits is not known. Difficulties with word retrieval have negative social implications as they can impact on the ability to converse with others. The overarching goal of this dissertation was to determine the underlying cause of problems with word retrieval after TBI. To test word retrieval in this dissertation, participants were given a series of word fluency tasks and the speed of word generation was measured. In addition to measuring interresponse times, procedures used by Rohrer, Wixted, Salmon and Butters (1995) were also followed. This involved the calculation of parameter estimates to investigate whether slowed retrieval or degraded semantic stores were responsible for the patients� word retrieval difficulties. One parameter (N) was a measure of the total number of retrievable words and the second parameter (tau) was an estimate of mean latency. Study 1 was designed to trial the procedure and equipment adopted throughout this dissertation to analyse speech. University students were presented with categories on a computer screen and asked to generate as many exemplars as possible in 60 seconds. A PowerLab Chart sound system was used to measure the time that each word was generated. The results of Study 1 showed that the methodology of previous research could be replicated using the PowerLab Chart sound system. In Study 2, persons with postconcussion syndrome (PCS) and matched controls were given two word fluency tasks. Results showed that on both tasks patients recalled fewer words, had longer pauses between words, and took significantly longer to generate their first word than controls. Also, patients had a significantly reduced N relative to controls, but there was no difference in tau between patients and controls. Given that the participants had not finished responding and that parameter estimates require responses to be exhausted, Study 3 was designed to replicate the findings of Study 2 using an extended recall period. In Study 3, patients with PCS and matched controls completed a series of word fluency tasks and were given extended periods of time to generate words. Results showed that the patients obtained significantly fewer words on two of the tasks, but no evidence of slowed retrieval was found. There was also no difference in the estimates of N and tau between patients and controls. As the patients in Study 3 sustained more minor injuries than those in Study 2, Study 4 tested patients with severe TBI. In Study 4, patients with severe TBI and matched controls were given a series of word fluency tasks. Results showed that the patients generated fewer words and experienced slowed retrieval. Again, there was no difference in the estimates of N and tau between patients and controls. The results of Study 4 confirmed the hypothesis that slowed word retrieval is a consequence of TBI. Taken together, the results of this dissertation show that an underlying slowness of processing is the primary cause of problems with word retrieval in persons with TBI.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2007. / Title from first page of PDF file. Includes bibliographical references (p. 192-211).

<p><strong>Titel:</strong>             Produktplacering i bloggar: <em>En studie kring bloggar som effektiv marknadsföringskanal </em></p><p><strong>Författare:</strong>   Maria Mingo, Mälardalens Högskola</p><p><strong>Handledare:</strong> Lennart Haglund</p><p><strong>Kurs:</strong>            Kanditatuppsats i företagsekonomi, marknadsföring, distans</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Nyckelord:</strong>   <em>Blogg, produktplacering, Word of Mouth, effektivitet, påverkan, kommunikationsprocessen, viral marknadsföring, Stealth Marketing, associationer, kreativt medieval, uppmärksammande, bearbetning,</em> <em>konsumentbeteende</em></p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><p><strong>Problem:</strong>       Då de privata bloggarna i Sverige på senare tid getts mycket uppmärksamhet i media inte bara för deras växande besöksstatistik utan även för deras, i stor utsträckning, dolda kommersiella intentioner är detta ett fenomen intressant att undersöka utifrån ett marknadsföringsperspektiv.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Syfte:</strong>            I och med att bloggen är en mediekanal som ständigt växer i antal är syftet                    med denna uppsats att se vilken funktion bloggen uppfyller som marknadsföringskanal för produktplacering. Studien ämnar ta upp de fördelar som kan nås genom användning av bloggen i kommersiellt syfte utifrån den potentiella påverkan denna typ av produktplacering kan ha på mottagare av budskap introducerade i bloggen. Värdet bloggen innehar som kommunikationskanal kommer att diskuteras utifrån dess vikt för avsändarna av budskapet, det vill säga de annonserande företagen.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Metod:</strong>         Studien baseras på en sekundärdataanalys av kommunikationsleden som skapas mellan de annonserande företagen, bloggarna och konsumenterna. Områdesrelaterad litteratur och andra marknadsförings- och konsumentbeteendeteorier har bidragit till att kartlägga produktplaceringens potential att nå uppmärksammande och påverkan hos konsumenter.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Slutsats:</strong>       I studien visas att effektiviteten bloggen kan inneha som marknadsföringskanal, återspeglas i många variabler, bland annat möjligheten att förena reklam med bloggens oberoende innehåll. Produktplacering i rekommendationsform, genom inflytelserika bloggare, kan medföra att informationsspridandet inte upplevs som påträngande och undkommer på så sätt att sållas bort som irrelevant information. Bloggläsare väljer själva blogg att besöka efter egna preferenser, något som tillåter företag att skräddarsy budskap för specifika målgrupper. Då läsarna på detta sätt tillåts att själva sköta spridandet av budskapet genom diverse marknadsföringstekniker, uppnås högre grad av trovärdighet då kongruensen mellan bloggtemat och det introducerade varumärket oftast är hög. Bloggen som kanal möjliggör dessutom skapandet av ömsesidiga relationer mellan företagen, bloggskribenterna och konsumenterna, något som tillåter en närmare och effektivare kommunikation mellan leden och ett starkare associationsschema. Då bloggen tillåter de introducerade budskapen ta tillvara på mediekontexten och framlyftas i den harmoni som skapas sinsemellan, elimineras även stor del av kommunikationsbruset som utgörs av andra faktorer som konkurrerar om konsumenters uppmärksamhet. Att låta bloggen utgöra ett komplement till ett företags ursprungliga kommunikationskanaler kan därför medföra effektiviserad exponering gentemot konsumenten och därigenom öka chansen att konsumenten både uppmärksammar och låter sig påverkas av reklamen.</p> / <p><strong>Title:</strong>             Product Placement in blogs: A study about blogs as an effective marketing channel.<em> </em></p><p> </p><p><strong>Author:</strong>         Maria Mingo, Mälardalen University</p><p><strong>Tutor:</strong>           Lennart Haglund</p><p><strong>Subject:</strong>        Bachelor Theses in Business Administration, Marketing</p><p><strong>Keywords:</strong>    <em>Blogs, product placement, Word of Mouth, efficiency, influences, the communication process, creative media-channels, attention, interpretation, consumer behaviour, associations</em></p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><p><strong>Problem:</strong>       The private blogs have lately gained a significant share of attention in the Swedish media, not only because of their increasing number of readers but also for their questionable commercial intentions. Therefore this subject is considered to be an interesting phenomena to explore from a marketing perspective.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Purpose:</strong>       Due to the increasing amount of blogs used in the media, the purpose of this essay has been to detect the function blogs play as a marketing channel for product placement. The study aims to discover the advantages that can be reached through the use of the blog for advertising purposes, through discussing what influence this type of product placement can have on the receivers of the communicated message. The value the blog has as a communication channel will be discussed through its importance for the senders of the message, in other words the advertising companies.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Method:</strong>       The study is based on a qualitative analysis of the communication flow that is created and established between the advertising companies, the blogs and the consumers. Literature and other theories regarding marketing and consumer behaviour have been used to state the potential that product placement has of reaching the consumers’ attention and affection.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The research has shown that the efficiency a blog could have as a marketing channel is reflected in many variables, amongst them the possibility of integrating advertising with the independent content of blogs. Product placement, through recommendations given by influential bloggers, could cause the sharing of information not to be interpreted as forced-on advertising and thus avoids to be passed over as irrelevant information. As the consumers themselves choose what blogs to read according to their own preferences, the companies have the possibility to create a message that is highly adapted to the targeted readers. Through allowing the consumers to pass on the message themselves using this Word-of-Mouth technique, a higher level of credibility is achieved and reflected in the congruence between the theme of the blog and the brand that is being inserted into it. Using the blog as a communication channel allows reciprocal relationships to be generated between the advertising companies, the bloggers and the consumers. These relationships facilitate a communication that is closer and more effective and therefore provides greater possibilities of generating associations. A significant part of the communication interference [due to other factors competing for the consumer’s attention] can be eliminated through the harmony, which introducing a message in a suiting media context, brings. Therefore the use of the blog as an additional tool to a company’s usual marketing channels could result in a more effective type of exposure forced upon the client that could help to increase the chances of the consumer paying attention to, or be influenced by, the advertising.</p>

<p>The aim of this study was to investigate if there is a connection between language and social identity in the perception of word meaning among second language learners in the same way as for native speakers, and if the sociolinguistic variable age is significant. This was done with an investigation of two generations of Swedish learners' perception of the meaning of the words 'respect', 'integrity' and 'communication'. The investigation showed that age is important to a certain extent regarding interpreting words and their meaning, but that it is not as important if the speaker has English as their mother tongue or as their second language.</p>

<p>Detta arbete kommer att ta upp området muntlig marknadsföring, eller som det kallas internationellt ”word of mouth”, som en metod för att beskriva kunders medverkan till att marknadsföra ett tjänsteföretag, som t.ex. hotell. Begreppet marknadsföring innebär en rad aktiviteter som ett företag utför, för att locka kunder. En del av dessa aktiviteter kan vara annonsering, eller broschyrer, som hotellet delar ut.</p><p>Syftet med undersökningen är att se hur ett hotells gäster har fått kunskap om hotellet och hur ”word of mouth” (WOM) har påverkat dem i sitt val.</p><p>Den metod och det material som har använts är en enkät som har delats ut och besvarats av gäster på ett hotell vilket är beläget i Eskilstuna.</p><p>Resultatet av undersökningen visar att de flesta av de personer som deltog var positiva till ”word of mouth”.</p><p>Slutsatsen av denna undersökning är att ”word of mouth” påverkar kunder som bor, eller ska bo, på ett hotell. Men även blivande kunder påverkas, i och med att de får rekommendationer av andra. Därför kan det vara klokt av hotell som vill ha fler kunder att satsa på ”word of mouth” marknadsföring.</p>

<p>Marketing of education is a phenomenon which has been developed throughout the increasing competition within the educational sector. The focus of this paper is the marketing made by upper secondary schools (grade 10-12) in Stockholm. The competition in this area is increasing partly due to the growing number of private schools. However, this is a phenomenon seen only in larger cities with several schools available. There are over 170 upper secondary schools in Stockholm and the students freely can choose among these. This fact is another contribution to the highly competitive market where the schools act.</p><p>The purpose of this paper is to study in which way schools in the educational sector use communication strategies to communicate a message to their target audience. The study highlights the communication between the school and the student. The method for the research is both qualitative and quantitative. Data has been collected from interviews with marketing managers at the schools and from surveys with students. A group- interview has also been made with students in secondary schools (grade 9) just before their upper secondaryschool choice.</p><p>The conclusions of the research are that all of the schools in the study actively work with marketing and are aware of the importance of marketing for their organisation. The schools examined in the study have all different communication processes, mainly because of thedifferent assets in terms of competence and marketing budget. The student’s attitudes towards the schools do most often correspond to the message the schools want to communicate. The paper shows that none personal communications, like advertising, direct commercials and radio commercials do not affect the student’s choice of school to any high extent. The factorsthat do affect the student’s choice are their plans for future profession, available programs on the school, geographical location and reputation.</p>

<p>The purpose of this paper is to examine the adverbs <em>mainly</em>, <em>mostly</em>, <em>chiefly</em> and <em>principally</em> for their level of synonymity. Dictionaries commonly lists synonyms to their main entries without providing information about commonality, contexts or level of formality or even sample sentences. More often than not this is done in a circular fashion, one main entry is listed as synonym to another which in turn is listed as a synonym to the first. This is confusing to persons not knowing what word to use and when to use it. The adverbs <em>mainly</em>, <em>mostly</em>, <em>chiefly</em> and <em>principally</em> are listed as synonyms to each other in several dictionaries in this circular fashion. By using corpus research I have shown that these adverbs are not the absolute synonyms dictionaries indicate, but differ greatly in usage, context and level of formality. I have investigated real samples of how <em>mainly</em>, <em>mostly</em>, <em>chiefly</em> and <em>principally</em> are used in a British newspaper. From the results I have obtained, I have analyzed the usage of the adverbs and suggested new and improved definitions.</p>

<p>Det kan vara svårt för en kund att bedöma en sakförsäkring om kunden inte självförstår sig på alla aspekter av sakförsäkringen. Detta kan leda till att kunden inteagerar rationellt i sitt köpbeteende vilket försvårar situationen för försäkringsbolag attpositionera sig rätt för att skaffa sig en konkurrenskraftig position på marknaden. I våruppsats ska vi diskutera kundvärde hos en tjänst och hur varumärket spelar in närkunder bedömer detta värde. Denna studie är gjord på uppdrag av ICA och har i syfteatt undersöka vad kunder värderar i sina sakförsäkringar.Författarna som gjort studien har tre års akademisk ekonomisk erfarenhet ochkommer utnyttja sina kunskaper för att söka svar på frågor som rör kundvärde ochsakförsäkringar. Studien kommer att ha en deduktiv ansats där teorier och insamladdata jämförs för att få fram nya indikationer och resultat om det studerade problemet.Teorier har valts efter dess relevans till den valda frågeställningen. De teorier somvalts är kopplade till kundvärde, lojalitet och kvalitet i tjänster och mer specifiktsakförsäkringar. Utifrån teorierna har sedan ett antal frågeställningar tagits ut som gerden information som ytterligare behövs för att kunna se problemet ur ett nyttperspektiv.Frågorna har ställts i fokusgrupper där författarna har samlat in deltagare som harvalts ut slumpmässigt så länge de har varit över 18 år. Totalt har 13 personer deltagit itvå fokusgrupper som har tillfrågats samma frågor. För att korrekt kunna återge vadfokusgrupperna sagt har en diktafon använts som spelat in helafokusgruppdiskussionen och sedan transkriberats. Alla deltagare i studien är anonyma.Detta material har legat som grund för alla resultat som gjorts i studien.Försäkringsbranschen ses av våra respondenter som enhetlig istället för attförsäkringsbolagen är åtskilda. När kunder behöver använda sin försäkring ses helaprocessen som ett lotteri.För att kunna urskilja hur vår studie står sig mot tidigare studier har alla deltagaresåsikter och diskussioner analyserats utifrån tidigare gjorda studier inom vårt område.Vi kan se att åsikter som lojalitet, pris, PR, och relationer starkt påverkar hur kunderser på försäkringsbranschen. Att det inte finns ett rationellt beteende inomköprocessen när det gäller sakförsäkringar kan bero på att de negativa associationersom kunder har inte överstiger de positiva aspekter som relation eller PR ger. Studienavslutas med att ge lite rekommendationer till vår uppdragsgivare från vad författarnahar kunnat se i studien.</p>