In the cultural anthropological tradition, we study how people in a group think about things that somehow go together. Using hashtags, we introduce a series of methods to trace the conceptual contours in social media conversations. Hashtags align ideas and reveal the latent structures and symbolic boundaries within the conversation, detecting the domains, features, and sources of tension in the network of diverse perspectives and experiences conveyed in the conversation. We demonstrate how distinctive and affiliated hashtags, Hashtag Network Maps, and ImageQuilts can connect and aggregate concepts and render the shared and divergent meanings that structure the space. This research features a case study of #homegym tagged messages posted at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. Gym closures disrupted established exercise regimes, while lockdown and work-at-home orders blessed others with newfound time to work out – inciting a spike in demand for gym equipment sales. First, we demonstrate our approach using a sample of Twitter posts with the #homegym hashtag, gathered between March 15 to April 16, 2020, from a COVID-19 database and a selection of Instagram photos. Next, we study the people, messages, and images to map the subgroups, social dynamics, and ideologies that constitute the #homegym leisure space. Finally, we draw methodological and practical implications to assist marketing researchers and practitioners in harnessing social media conversations to derive timely insights.

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There is a tension within liberalism between the ideal of equality on the one hand and the respect for freedom (in the form of non-interference) on the other. I shall try to show that in liberalism?s efforts to simultaneously realize its goals of freedom and equality it must ultimately settle for less than the ideal of each. Since Rawls? theory of justice is a liberal one, it suffers from this tension as well. However Rawls? theory has also been accused of forcing some members of society to subsidizing the choices of others. I shall argue that one of the more recent attempts to defend his theory, by Walter Schaller, against such accusations, falls short of its goals. I shall also argue that Rawls? suggestion, in Political Liberalism, that a principle guaranteeing a social minimum ?may easily precede? the principle guaranteeing the basic liberties, should be rejected because it does not provide adequate protection of the basic liberties, especially freedom of the person. / Master of Arts

No / Bradford was the first city in a ¿difficult area¿ in the UK to try to capitalise on tourism. This concept was introduced by Buckley and Witt in the 1980s using Bradford as an example. The article looks at how Bradford and its tourism policies have changed since their initial success in the 1980s. Support for tourism from Local Government has fluctuated because of funding crises, uncertainty about the benefits of tourism and changing political priorities in the City. In the late 1990s, Bradford launched a new strategy to attract leisure tourists, using support from the private sector and funds from Europe. Finally, we attempt to evaluate Bradford's success in tourism over the period and relate this to the original study of difficult areas.

The purpose of this study is to contribute to the literature on successful aging, serious leisure, and sport. A qualitative methodology was used to understand the lived experiences of three master-aged athletes involved in serious powerlifting. The goal of using such an approach was to share participants’ stories within a given context, as well as uphold the emotion, merit, and authenticity of each narrative. The results address issues around participants’ initial and continued engagement with the sport of powerlifting, the ways in which powerlifting shapes the aging process, and the meaningful role that powerlifting plays in one’s life. The discussion offers further exploration of key points, including: reconnecting to one’s youth, modified training and pain management, identity formation, resistance toward older female powerlifters, powerlifting as a context for self-improvement, career stages over the life-course, social interactions and relationships, and aging successfully. A number of future research directions are offered in the hope of continuing to understand the experiences of older adults in the context of physical activity. / Graduate / 0680 / absilver@uvic.ca

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact the primary caregiving role had on men's perceptions of leisure. The Assessment of Leisure and Recreation Involvement (Ragheb, 2002) was used to examine men's leisure. Twenty-five stay-at-home dad groups were solicited via e-mail; 81 men submitted usable responses to an online survey. Respondents considered themselves the primary caregiver for children in the household and at least one child was younger than 12. Descriptive data were collected about the experience of being a primary caregiving father, demographics, and how the caregiving role affects the men's perceptions of leisure. Caregiving fathers in the sample resembled the perceptions of many primary caregiving mothers. Perhaps the "caregiving" role, rather than gender, is a more distinct variable explaining perceptions of leisure by parents.

The purposes of this study were to develop an instrument to measure knowledge of leisure opportunities, and determine the reliability of the instrument. Subjects included 292 orthopedically impaired, nine to fourteen year old children. A multiple-choice format is used. The content is based on four domains. These are entertainment, games, sports, and arts and crafts. The domains are subcategorized into who, where, what, when, and cost of activities. The Kuder-Richardson formula 20 showed a reliability coefficient of .81. The Pearson, point biserial correlation was used to determine item-test correlations. Correlations below .20 were revised. Items with a difficulty level of 70 percent and above were also revised. The results indicated that the instrument had been successfully developed.

"It is the purpose of this investigation to discover and report how the women of Dallas, Texas, spend their time when not engaged in their daily occupation. ... it attempts to disclose the trend of interest of various groups according to age, salary, and occupation; the influence of previous training; the reasons for non-participation in the activities in which they desire to take part. It is a further purpose to formulate various plans which are to evaluate academically or non-academically the activities that should be included in the program for the modern girl in the secondary school."-- leaf 1.

Darbe nagrinėjama aktuali sritis – šeimos kaip pagrindinės visuomenės ląstelės ir tautos variklio tobulinimas, jos gyvavimo ir gyvenimo kokybės esmė. To pagrindas yra turiningas, kūrybingas bei atpalaiduojantis laisvalaikis. Retai kada susimąstoma, kad ne tik vaikams, jaunimui reikia kokybiško laisvalaikio, prasmingo bendravimo ir paprasčiausio laimės pilnatvės jausmo. Norint visa tai pasiekti, reikia daug, nuosekliai ir planingai dirbti su savimi ir šalia esančiais žmonėmis. Kokybiškas laikas kartu – tai brendimas, tobulėjimas santykyje su savimi ir kitais. Įvairūs žmogaus įgūdžiai geriausiai susiformuoja tada, kai su malonumu tyrinėjama ir atrandama kas nors naujo, panaudojamos naujos idėjos ar daiktai. Kadangi šeima vaikams yra saugi aplinka, todėl tėvai, skirdami laiką žaisti su vaikais ar pramogauti, gali stiprinti tarpusavio santykius, emocinius santykius, savo ir vaikų asmenybes. Per bendrą veiklą šeima tampa maža bendruomene, siekiančia bendro tikslo. Sutuoktiniai, planuodami veiklą, turi atsižvelgti į kelis esminius kriterijus: savo ir vaikų amžių, gyvenamąją vietą, sveikatą, ekonominę situaciją, o svarbiausia – į savo šeimos narių poreikius. Šeimos laisvalaikio veikla turi įjungti visus šeimos narius ir taip suteikti šeimos gyvenimo pasitenkinimą. Suaugusiųjų pareiga vaiką mokyti ir pratinti kultūringai ir produktyviai leisti laisvalaikį, kuris duotų materialinės ir dvasinės naudos pačiam vaikui, artimiesiems ir visuomenei. Tai pavyksta tuomet, kai pačių... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / This paper is focused on a significant topic, namely, organization of a purposeful, creative and relaxing leisure time of a family. This topic is considered to be of high importance as it is closely related to the development and quality of life of a family, which in turn is often called to be the first cell and the leading force of society. Unfortunately, few people understand that children and youth are not the only ones in need of quality leisure time, meaningful communication and simply the feeling of happiness. In order to achieve this, one has to put a lot of time and efforts and to work consistently together with other family members. Quality leisure time spent together is a way of personal growth and development of relationships with others. As scholars has proved, various skills can best be formed when a person is involved in a pleasurable activity of exploring and discovering something new, using new ideas and things. Therefore, as children usually regard their family as a safe environment, it is important that parents would spend time playing or having fun with their children because it helps to strengthen their relationship, emotional ties and personalities of both adults and children. Joint activities help the family to become a small community united by a common goal. When a married couple plans leisure time activities for their family, they have to regard several crucial criteria: age of themselves and their children, place of residence, health condition... [to full text]

This study involved the identification and explication of a typology of adolescents' leisure functioning, based on a state of mind definition of leisure. Subjects included 200 students from a junior high school in the midwest who completed the Leisure Diagnostic Battery (LDB) during a study hall. Procedures involved the application of two methods of cluster analysis to profiles of scores across the five LDB scales which are designed to measure perceived freedom in leisure. Following this process of identification and validation of the "types," the relationship between group membership and various barriers to leisure were examined through multiple discriminant analysis. Finally, between type differences on three preferred style of participation in recreation activity variables (active/passive, individual/ group, and risk/nonrisk) were examined through the analysis of variance.