Recreation planning occurs in many Ontario municipalities, yet there is little research on the factors leading to successful implementation. Recreation departments are often asked to do more with less, which is difficult without a comprehensive plan. The current study examined nine Ontario municipalities to determine the factors that lead to implementation of their recreation master planning. Results revealed that there are many factors required for implementation, including: creating a comprehensive terms of reference, educating staff on planning principles, working with a planning consultant, working successfully with other municipal departments, involving a variety of stakeholders in the process, having the plan available to the public, and creating a method for reviewing and updating the plan. The study also found that the planning process should include: thoughtfulness when creating the terms of reference, extensive public consultation, effective staff consultation, frequent council input, consultation with a recreation planner, and a method for updating and reviewing the plan. The research also found that the plan content should include: goals, background information, internal and external resource, facility and program inventory, public consultation results, and an extensive implementation section.

Learning does occur at camp, but what kind of learning? And do what participants learn at camp transfer to other parts of a young persons’ life after the camp experience? This evaluation research study was designed to compare what a camp program anticipates as its outcomes to what outcomes it actually achieves. It set up an outcome evaluation that sought to understand what program staff at Camp Giving Tree anticipate are the developmental outcomes for students attending a 3-day, 2-night School-Camp Partnership Program (SCPP) as compared with teachers’ perspectives on their students’ developmental outcome achievements as a result of their participation in the SCPP. This study found that camp staff and teachers perceived that at camp, student learning was connected to four main themes: (1) positive risk taking, (2) social competencies and comforts, (3) engagement with creative thinking (4) strength of character. One month after camp however, teachers observed that hardly any transfer seemed occurred in their students’ behaviour at school. Even though hardly any transfer was reported, teachers believed that camp gave their students hope and optimism for their future and that if school was more like camp, their students would be able to learn more. The discussion focuses on three main themes: (1) on the concept of transfer as it relates to program structure and the prediction of behaviour change (2) positive risk taking related to the concepts of positive psychology and optimism and (3) the idea that learning can be more enjoyable if it includes reflection, if it promotes creative thinking and if the learning environment is highly social. This study’s conclusions suggest opportunities in: future research design and future youth programming opportunities (especially related to ongoing support after a single recreation experience). Finally, this study urges people, programs and institutions directly involved with youth development to take on more of a deliberate role in supporting transfer from one experience to another for young people.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Chicago, Graduate School of Business, August 2003. / Includes bibliographical references. Also available on the Internet.

The overall objective of this study is to establish the extent to which an ERP system could be used within the management of British Tennis. Whilst ERP systems are used extensively in commercial organisations, there is little research into the use of these systems in the management of sport by the National Governing Bodies and by the operational providers of sport facilities. This supports the specific finding in the Game Plan (National Strategy Unit, 2002), which identified that the management systems within sports administration need to be improved and that there is a general lack of research within this specific area. The research proposes an ERP framework which can be implemented to achieve a number of improvements in operations and to enable other opportunities such as targeted marketing. Porter’s Value Chain is used as a model to investigate the organisations involved in the provision of tennis, and this model brings together the two concepts of multi-organisational structures and ERP systems. This enables the selected modules of the ERP system to be mapped on the value chain, and a new value network to be created. This research uses a predominantly qualitative method which incorporates an iterative approach to the investigation, based on the model by Bryman. Iteration One uses a mixture of indepth and semi-structured interviews to establish and corroborate the themes identified as part of the literature review. Also there are additional areas of theory identified as part of the data collection process which are explored in more depth. The second iteration is then used to gather further information and information confirmatory to the first iteration. Findings demonstrate a mixture of governmental, commercial, profit-making and not-forprofit organisations that have no central system in use. The research proposes that a central ERP system, including a number of functional modules, could be implemented into this environment and that it would deliver benefits to all organisations, including cost reduction, managerial benefits, strategic benefits, improved IT infrastructure and organisational benefits.

Recreation planning occurs in many Ontario municipalities, yet there is little research on the factors leading to successful implementation. Recreation departments are often asked to do more with less, which is difficult without a comprehensive plan. The current study examined nine Ontario municipalities to determine the factors that lead to implementation of their recreation master planning. Results revealed that there are many factors required for implementation, including: creating a comprehensive terms of reference, educating staff on planning principles, working with a planning consultant, working successfully with other municipal departments, involving a variety of stakeholders in the process, having the plan available to the public, and creating a method for reviewing and updating the plan. The study also found that the planning process should include: thoughtfulness when creating the terms of reference, extensive public consultation, effective staff consultation, frequent council input, consultation with a recreation planner, and a method for updating and reviewing the plan. The research also found that the plan content should include: goals, background information, internal and external resource, facility and program inventory, public consultation results, and an extensive implementation section.

Tourism has a long history but research on tourism is recent and linked to the modern mass tourism. Tourism research deals with the subject from three perspectives. First it is treated as a social phenomenon, second as an economic phenomenon and third as a geographic phenomenon. Even in the geographer's eye tourism has many faces ranging from interaction between people and places to land use patterns and influence on the landscape. The aim of the study is to analyse tourism travel patterns during the summer vacation period in Sweden. A number of questions are addressed: Who is a tourist? Why do people travel in their leisure time? Why do they choose a particular destination? Do people travel during their vacations and if so, where do they go? Is it possible to genera-lise about the scattered pattern of tourism travel into regions with similar catchment areas and catchment profiles? Although tourism as a word has been in the language for a long time and people have an intuitive understanding of the concept, it is still a concept that defies definition. This study uses a partly instrumental and partly role-related definition in the empirical sections. A tourist is a person visiting a place other than his home municipality and staying over night The visit shall have purely recreational purposes and no connection with the visitor's business or employment After deciding who is a tourist, the next question is: Why does a tourist travel? Many empirical studies show that personal motives are the most important reasons for leisure time travel. Going to another town to visit a relative is tourism. Thus, tourism travel may be viewed partly as a reflection of migration.which thus increases tourism. The tourism is associated with "tour", but the real touring tourist is fairly rare. An interview survey conducted as part of this study showed that about 50 % of the popu­lation is at home at the same time during their vacation period. Habits are stable; this has not changed significantly over the last 20 years. On the other hand, a majority leave home for some period during their vacation, but make only one short over night visit away from home. Only four of Sweden's 24 counties received more travellers from counties other than themselves. Travel within the home county is much greater than might be expected. This study includes a methodological experiment on regionalization. A normal cluster analysis has been performed with the addition of a neighbor constraint. Destinations for most journeys during the vacation period are secondary homes or places where friends and relatives live. Only approximately one third of all "tourism travel" is tourism in a "pure" sense. This means that most people, although they are travelling during vacations, rarely use tourist facilities. What are normally considered to be tourist attractions are not really attractive to these people. Thus, one conclusion is that the potential market for the tourist business for Swedes in Sweden may be smaller than expected. / digitalisering@umu

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Det har talats en hel del i media om fritidspedagogers rätt till legitimation samt om fritidspedagogernas yrkesroller. Denna studies syfte är att undersöka hur fritidspedagoger ser på sin egen professionalitet. Fokus riktas på fritidspedagogernas egen syn på deras centrala färdigheter och kunskaper, hur de tror att lärarnas och föräldrarnas syn är på dem, hur fritidspedagogerna själva kan planera och genomföra sin verksamhet och hur avsaknaden av legitimation påverkar deras yrkesroll. Studien har använt sig av en kvalitativ metod med semistrukturerade intervjuer. Fritidspedagogernasintervjuer analyseras med hjälp av tidigare forskning samt utvalda begrepp och teori. Det framkom att fritidspedagogerna hade liknande åsikter av relevanta färdigheter och kunskaper, social förmåga, omsorgsförmåga och flexibilitet var några av dem. Detta var även något som fritidspedagogerna uppfattade att många av lärarna och föräldrarna höll med om. I sin planering och genomförande av sina arbetsuppgifter upplever flera av fritidspedagogerna att de är rädda att skolans verksamhet tar över för mycket och de är oroliga att bli reducerade till hjälplärare. Näst intill alla av fritidspedagogerna anser att de inte är berörda av legitimationsfrågan då den inte avgör hur de utförsina arbetsuppgifter. Dock resonerar flera av dem att det kan komma att påverka synen på deras yrke samt kårens professionaliseringssträvan.

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