<p>Detta examensarbete handlar om hur olika bearbetningssätt för text fungerar för sina målgrupper. Syftet med studien är att jämföra språkliga faktorer i textbearbetningar på <em>Tydlig svenska och Lättläst,</em> samt att undersöka hur dessa faktorer upplevs av läsare med funktionsnedsättningar. Undersökningen består av två delar: kvantitativ textanalys och kvalitativa intervjuer. Textanalysen syftar till att lyfta fram särskiljande textuella drag i två bearbetningar på Lättläst och Tydlig svenska. Dessa textfaktorer ligger sedan till grund för fem intervjuer med representanter för de funktionsnedsättningar som ingår i målgruppen samt en kontrollgrupp. De aktuella funktionsnedsättningarna är lindrig utvecklingsstörning, Aspergers syndrom och barndomsdövhet. Resultaten från textanalysen visar att skillnaderna är större mellan själva bearbetningarna än mellan texttypernas riktlinjer. Bearbetningarna skiljer sig bland annat åt i fråga om ordföljd, meningslängd och textbindning. Intervjuresultaten visar på att målgruppen är mycket heterogen, och att det är svårt att konkret styrka texttypernas riktlinjer utifrån målgruppens läsupplevelse. Slutsatsen blir att det är viktigare att skribenten förstår sin målgrupp än att hon strikt följer en uppsättning riktlinjer.</p>

<p>This thesis deals with the question of how and to what degree Swedish history books for schools changed between the early 20^th century and the 1960s. The theoretical foundation for this study is a perspective which treats historical accounts as narratives, bringing meaning and orientation to the present. According to this perspective, historical accounts may be divided into four different types of narratives, <em>traditional, exemplary, critical </em>and<em> genetical.</em> The basis for this division is how the narratives use the past to make the present understandable.</p><p>The following conclusions are reached:</p><ol><li>That Swedish history books for schools have changed less, and in a moore gradual way than those dealing with general history. </li><li>There is a growing use of genetical narratives at the expense of mainly exemplary ones. Also over time there is a tendency towards variance in narrative form. </li><li>The most significant dimension of change is in regards to the presentation of specific historical epochs within the books, not of the books as a whole. </li></ol>

<p>Background: In studies about Romani people’s health, it becomes clear that the Romani inseveral countries have a poor health and avoid seeking health care.Objective: The purpose of this study was to explore Romani men's experiences of treatmentin the Swedish health care.Method: A qualitative interview study was conducted with respondents about theirexperiences in individual interviews. Seven male Romanis were elected with a purposefulsample. A content analysis by systematic text condensation on the data obtained was made asdescribed by Granheim & Lundman (2004).Results: The summed up impressions of the responses was perceived to be good, however,many men believe that the information is inadequate. Staff at the emergency department inUppsala should listen more to patients. Less than half of men have felt discriminated againstwhen they sought treatment. More than half of respondents had experienced difficulties inhospitals when there may be a large number of visitors. Lack of understanding of the Romaniculture by health care professionals was experienced by almost all informants. A wish foropen-minded and respectful treatment was among the participants in the study.Conclusions: Culture and traditions have been shown to have a significant impact on theRomani men. It is essential that health professionals hold knowledge about the Romaniculture in order to satisfy the best response from this population.</p>

<p>Denna uppsats handlar om gotländska ungdomars bruk och attityd till dialekt. För att undersöka detta har sexton informanter medverkat i en studie där de har intervjuats och fått samtala två och två. Informanterna har delats upp beroende på kön, gymnasieprogram och skolort för att se hur deras språk korrelerar med dessa faktorer. Andra faktorer som är med i undersökningen är framtidsplaner, informanternas uppväxtort, deras föräldrars uppväxtort och situation (samtal vs intervju).</p><p>De drag som undersöks är uttalet av den gamla ai-diftongen (säger man <em>mair</em>, <em>meir </em>eller <em>mer</em>?), uttalet av infinitiver och imperativer som i standardsvenskan slutar på -<em>a </em>(säger man <em>sluta</em>, <em>slute </em>eller <em>slut</em>?) och uttalet av objektspronomenen <em>mig</em>, <em>dig </em>och <em>sig </em>(säger man <em>mej </em>–<em>dej</em>–<em>sej</em>, <em>mi</em>–<em>di</em>–<em>si </em>eller <em>me</em>–<em>de</em>–<em>se</em>?). Resultatet visar att de gotländska ungdomarna talar dialekt i både intervjun och samtalet. Informanterna använder i hög utsträckning dialektala varianter när det gäller verbformerna och objektspronomenen. Däremot har det ursprungliga uttalet av ai-diftongen helt försvunnit. Oftast har det ersatts av den standardsvenska monoftongen, men en del informanter uppvisar här ett ei-uttal i vissa ord, i stället för traditionellt ai.</p><p>De bakgrundsfaktorer som tycks korrelera starkast med uttalet är uppväxtorten och skolorten. Informanter som är uppväxta i Visby har generellt färre dialektala former än de som vuxit upp på landsbygden. De informanter som går i skola i Visby har färre dialektala former när det gäller verben och objektspronomenen, medan de informanter som går i skola i Klintehamn däremot har färre dialektala varianter av ai-diftongen.</p>

<p>I denna uppsats jämförs kommunikationen mellan luffarna i Harry Martinsons Vägen till Klockrike och Stig Dagermans Bröllopsbesvär. Diskussionen förs utifrån ett kommunikationsanalytiskt perspektiv. Det som studerats är hur de båda författarna har använt sig av para- och extralingvistiska signaler för att få fram en naturlig samtalssituation samt om ordklassfördelning i samtalsspråket, repliklängder etc. motsvarar autentiskt samtalsspråk. Dagerman anklagades för att ha plagierat Martinsons luffare men uppsatsen visar att så inte skett vad det gäller samtalsspråket eller strategierna för att få fram en naturlig samtalssituation. Martinsons roman har en mer drömsk struktur där det autentiska samtalet inte får något utrymme medan Dagerman har framställt en mer realistisk samtalssituation.</p>

<p>Ett centralt tema i föreliggande uppsats är ordboksanvändning och informationsbeteende. Detta har tvärvetenskapligt undersökts utifrån en lexikografisk grund med bidragande inslag från biblioteks- och informationsvetenskap. Uppsatsens empiriska material utgörs av en kvalitativ studie i ordboksanvändning bland folk- och universitets­bibliotekarier. Resultatanalysen har givit tre dimensioner av ordboksanvändning: individuellt bruk, bruk i referenssituationer och låntagarbruk. Relaterat till två av informationsbeteendeprocessens komponenter, informations­behov och informationsuppsökning, varierar dimensionerna i intensitet och omfattning. Den tredje komponenten informationsanvändning är ett område som faller utanför uppsatsens syfte, men utgör en lika viktig del i förståelsen av ordboksanvändarens informationsbeteende.</p>

<p>The aim of this research is to find out what’s attitude Swedish consumers have to Chinese food. The questionnaires based on the Food Choice Questionnaire (FCQ) are handed out to 100 Swedish respondents in order to investigate their motivation on Chinese food choice. 78 questionnaires which were filled completely were selected for this study. Eleven factors involved in the questionnaire are labeled health, mood, convenience, sensory appeal, natural content, price, weight control, familiarity, image of China, culture and safety. The information from two semi-structured interviews with Chinese food suppliers showed Swedish consumers’ attitude to Chinese food in another angles. The ABC model and Balance Theory are seen as the theoretical basis for empirical research analysis. The eating habits of Swedish and Chinese are compared to show their difference which influence consumers on food choice more or less. According to the result of the questionnaire survey, Swedish consumers have positive attitude to Chinese food on factors of health, sensory appeal, natural content, safety, price and mood and relative negative attitude on factors of convenience, familiarity and image of China. This outcome is confirmed by the information collected from interviews. Most Swedish consumers choose Chinese food from information processing perspectives; few of them are from behavioral learning processing; some of them are from hedonic consumption perspective. The relationship among Swedes, Chinese food and China is unstable at present time. Swedes do not know much about China and they are not familiar with Chinese food either. Competitors of Chinese food in Sweden such as Thai food, Japanese sushi and west fast food are important aspects which disperse people’s attention and enlarge their food choice range.</p>

This thesis deals with the question of how and to what degree Swedish history books for schools changed between the early 20th century and the 1960s. The theoretical foundation for this study is a perspective which treats historical accounts as narratives, bringing meaning and orientation to the present. According to this perspective, historical accounts may be divided into four different types of narratives, traditional, exemplary, critical and genetical. The basis for this division is how the narratives use the past to make the present understandable. The following conclusions are reached: That Swedish history books for schools have changed less, and in a moore gradual way than those dealing with general history. There is a growing use of genetical narratives at the expense of mainly exemplary ones. Also over time there is a tendency towards variance in narrative form. The most significant dimension of change is in regards to the presentation of specific historical epochs within the books, not of the books as a whole.

Purpose – There is growing evidence of organizations increasingly seeking to outsource logistics activities. This has been concluded in several other countries. There has not been made any prior systematic studies made over the practice of TPL usage in Sweden. Since Sweden has a large amount of manufacturing companies, the purpose aims to ex-amine and give a broad view of the usage of third party logistics (TPL) services for the manufacturing firms in Sweden. At the same time a comparison study will be made be-tween Sweden and the other countries. Design/Methodology/Approach – The empirical research is used to study the extent firms use the services of logistics companies; the decision making process for choosing contract logistics and its impact on the organization; The TPL services used and plans for the future in terms of the usage; TPL usage in a supply chain perspective. Findings – The study indicates that Swedish manufacturing firms are quite experienced in the use of third party logistics services. The usage of TPL services reveals positive and significant impact on the business performance within the organization; most of the users are satisfied with the services providers. Additionally, the usage of TPL services is expected to increase in the future. In terms of the supply chain perspective, certain number of respondent in manufacturing companies are aware of and influenced by the usage of the TPL services providers from the supply chain partners. Research limitations/implications – This survey focused on the largest, 350 manu-facturing companies in Sweden. However, many small- medium size companies also use the TPL services, study can be done to compare the use of TPL services in terms of the size of the companies. Further, concerning the supply chain perspective, research can be done to investigate whether more benefits in sharing the same primary TPL providers with major customers and vendors than in using different TPL providers. Studies can further be done to identifying who has more power in the supply chain concerning the use of TPL providers, for the Swedish manufacturing companies. Practical implications – The results provide managers with evidence supporting the benefits of outsourcing logistics activities. The study also contains useful information for the TPL providers concerning the most frequently used services and the potential services which are currently absent in the market. Originality/value – This study makes a significant addition to literature on logistics outsourcing, since little empirical research has been previously reported from Sweden. Moreover, the results of this study will also serve as a future benchmark for the entire Nordic region.

Purpose: The purpose of the study is to investigate firstly, the motivations of Swedish and Thai entrepreneurs toward internationalization business by exporting and secondly, the similarity motivation in going internationalization among Swedish and Thai entrepreneurs. Method: The multiple cases design is used in this report by conducting semi-structured interview in order to “generate understanding of the study” (Stenbacka, 2001). Two Swedish companies and three Thai companies have been interviewed. Empirical data was collected by face to face and telephone interview for Swedish companies and e-mail for Thai companies. Conclusion: Both Swedish and Thai entrepreneurs are motivated by both internal and external factors in term of going internationalization. However, there are dissimilarities in each motivation factors.