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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

從外資銀行在中國的發展分析台資銀行之進入模式 / The Strategy of Taiwan Banks Entering Mainland China derived from the Development of Foreign Bank

昌奕呈 Unknown Date (has links)
本研究希望透過分析中國銀行業發展趨勢,以及目前外資銀行在大陸扮演的角色,能讓讀者對於未來台資銀行的發展策略有更深入了解。加入WTO之後,中國銀行業正值開放之際,中資銀行與外資銀行有著既是競爭亦是合作的微妙關係。對中國國有商業銀行而言,儘管佔有中國98%的市場、分行據點多且廣、客戶資源豐富的優勢,但在服務理念和業務品種等各方面落後於外資銀行。至於外資銀行方面,雖在2006年年底已實施國民待遇,可擺脫原有的諸多限制。但與中資銀行相比,其市場佔有率仍相當低,唯有透過合作以及參股併購等方式才能讓本身快速成長。 甫於2006年底中國國務院通過的《中華人民共和國外資銀行管理條例》,大幅放寬了外資銀行在華業務推廣的限制,並提升參股國有銀行所能持有的股份,在在顯示出中國方面金融改革的企圖心。此舉不僅屢行中國身為WTO會員國的義務,同時也為其近年來快速發展的經濟注入一只強心針,須知金融活動為自由資本社會中一切經濟行為的泉源,至於中國在推動經濟資本化的過程中,對於原有社會主義意識的衝擊則不在本文的討論之中。 據台灣官方統計,目前台商投資中國大陸已逾580億美元,此一數據尚不包括經由第三地子公司進入中國的資金。大批原有本地客戶的西進,使得台資銀行不得不將前往中國提供台商資金需求視為業務發展的重大策略,但礙於兩岸政治長久以來經常處於高度緊張之下,連帶讓台資銀行登陸的過程比國際性外資銀行更加艱辛,同時充滿不確定性。 本文由外資銀行在大陸的發展歷程及現況為起點,探討大陸當局近期的政策動向及措施,並分析WTO 及CEPA(更緊密經貿關係安排)對兩岸金融互動的影響,歸結出台資銀行赴大陸設立據點的三種可行模式:(1)獨自設立分支據點。(2)結合外資銀行登陸。(3)參股或併購中資銀行。 本研究期能作一法規與經濟兩層面的交錯分析研究,俾使國內銀行業在面對全球競爭的衝擊與所處政經環境的變動下,能掌握更多規劃模式與思考。除了探討台資銀行在中國大陸經營之策略分析外,也期待兩岸氣氛和諧發展,繼續推動經濟等各方面互惠政策,締造雙贏局面。
2

大陸外資銀行管理條例頒布後台灣銀行業西進模式之探討

馬自立 Unknown Date (has links)
2001年底,中國大陸加入WTO,2006年12月11日屆滿五年,從這一天開始中國大陸兌現了入世的承諾。為了因應入世之後的金融發展,中國大陸陸續在2006年11月頒布了「中華人民共和國外資銀行管理條例」及「中華人民共和國外資銀行管理條例實施細則」並規定從進入WTO滿五年的同一天開始施行。也就是說中國大陸的銀行業將從這一天開始完全開放市場給外資銀行,世界各主要國家的銀行業也早就準備好了進入中國大陸這個被看作是二十一世紀新的經濟強國。 中國大陸從1978改革開放到現在己經跨越了29個年頭,其金融體系從人民銀行的「統存統貸」一元化管理逐步開放,外資銀行也從當時僅有的渣打銀行、匯豐銀行、東亞銀行和華僑銀行四家自國民政府時代即已存在的代表處快速增加,到2006年底在中國註冊的外資獨資銀行和合資的法人銀行機構共有14家,下設19家分支行及附屬機構;22個國家和地區的74家外資銀行在中國大陸的25個城市設立了200家分行和79家支行;42個國家和地區的186家外資銀行在中國大陸的24個城市設立了個242代表處。 從1980年代台灣開放赴大陸探親之前,台商就陸續透過各種管道進入大陸市場發展,根據經濟部的統計,經核准對中國大陸的投資從1996年的12.29億美元增加到2006年的76.42億美元,這還不包括未經正式管道進入大陸市場的投資在內。台灣的銀行業也視大陸為未來不得不進入的市場,但由於兩岸特殊的政治環境,雖然目前己有彰化銀行、國泰世華銀行、合作金庫、華南銀行、中國信託銀行、第一銀行和土地銀行七家銀行在大陸設有代表處,兩岸的金融往來仍然極不明確。早在七家銀行進入大陸之前就有上海商業儲蓄銀行運用其兩岸三地長期經營的關係建構了上海商業儲蓄銀行模式運作,此一模式到目前為止仍可能是運作最有成效的模式之一;其他如華一銀行模式則屬於大陸註冊銀行,可能面臨股改問題;富邦銀行(香港)模式則是想利用大陸與香港簽訂CEPA的途徑進入,但仍未能如願;至於建華銀行模式則更為迂迴,期望藉由在美國的子銀行建立兩岸四地的環太平洋金融圈,目前仍在持續發展中。 本研究期望就台灣銀行業的競爭優劣勢和可能面對的機會與挑戰,探討各種可能進入大陸市場的方式。經本研究探索發現台灣銀行業進入大陸市場的最大障礙為政治面的意識型態,由於意識型態的影響,金融面的可行方案變得困難重重,這使得對台灣銀行業最有利的直接進入方式,包括設立代表處、分行、子行等方式受到嚴重的局限,更嚴重的是目前已在大陸設有代表處的七家銀行,明(2008)年將陸續面臨換照問題,如果因政治面的影響而喪失換領新許可的機會,對台灣銀行業的影響將更為鉅大。而以迂迴模式進入則宜避開外資銀行競爭激烈的地區進行策略聯盟,或採行對大陸城市商業銀行、農村商業銀行、可能面臨股改的銀行等進行參股,可能是比較可能採行的途徑。 此外,本研究除就探索發現的情形,對政府提供建議,設法儘速簽訂金融監理備忘錄(MOU),讓台灣銀行業能及早進入大陸市場發展外,也期望台灣銀行業能增強其核心業務、大陸金融管理人才及系統化的台商資料庫,以利加強在進行參股或策略聯盟談判時的優勢,讓台灣銀行業未來的發展能在較為有利的位置。因為,經濟面的發展對政治面議題要求有極重要的影響力。 / As of December 11, 2006, China had become a member of World Trade Organization (“WTO”) for five years since she entered the WTO in the end of 2001. As of the date, China started exercising to fulfill her promises on joining the WTO. Among all her endeavors, Chinese administration promulgated “Regulations of the People’s Republic of China on Administration of Foreign-funded Banks” in November, 2001, in order to adapt to the new development of the financial service industry after entering the WTO. The law went in effect on December 11, 2006. China, abide by the law, opened her domestic financial market to foreign banks. In the meantime, major foreign banks had prepared to compete in, and benefit from, Chinese market, the most fast-growing market in the 21st century. It has been 29 years since China adopted the “reform and opening up” policy in 1978. The Chinese financial institution has gradually transformed from the “monopolistic lending-and-deposit” by The People’s Bank of China to a more pluralistic one. The number of foreign-funded banks has drastically increased from four in the year 1949, Standard Chartered Bank, Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking Corporation Limited (“HSBC”), The Bank of East Asia, and OCBC Bank, to a much larger number. In 2006, 14 wholly foreign-funded or Chinese-foreign joint venture banks were registered in China; 74 foreign-funded banks from 22 different countries found 200 branches and 79 sub-branches in 25 cities in China; 186 foreign-funded banks from 42 countries set up 242 representative offices in 24 cities in China. Even prior to the 80s, the era in which Taiwanese administration first allows its citizens to visit families in Mainland China, Taiwanese business persons have undertaken various kinds of measures to enter the Chinese market. According to Ministry of Economic Affairs, Taiwanese investment on Mainland China has increased from 1.229 billion USD in 1996 to 7.642 billion USD in 2006. This number does not take into account the informal/unauthorized investments. Certainly, Taiwanese financial service industry considers Mainland China an imperious market to enter. Nonetheless, due to special political circumstances between Taiwan Strait, the commerce of financial industries between the two sides is uncertain; though seven Taiwanese banks, Chang Hwa Bank, Cathay United Bank, Taiwan Cooperative Bank, Hua Nan Bank, Chinatrust Commercial Bank, The First Commercial Bank, and Land Bank of Taiwan, have set up their representative offices in Mainland China. In fact, even before the entry of the seven banks, The Shanghai Commercial and Saving Bank Ltd. took advantage of its long-term business relation between and among Mainland China, Hong-Kong, and Taiwan to establish and practice a model which has been proven one of the most successful models regarding banking business in the “greater China economic sphere”. There are other banks that experiment different models and encounter different hardships. For instances, First Sino Bank registered in China, and therefore recently faced the demand for share ownership structure reform. Fubon Bank (HK) attempted to enter the Chinese market through China-Hong-Kong CEPA, but it has not been successful. Bank SinoPac took a circuitous path by which it expected its sub-bank in the USA to establish the financial sphere around the Pacific Rim that included Mainland China, Hong Kong, Taiwan, and USA, though this model is still under development. This study investigates kinds of potential paths for Taiwanese banks to enter the Chinese market, with an emphasis on the discussion on the competitive strength, weakness, opportunity, and threats of the Taiwanese banks. It was found that the major obstacle for Taiwanese banks to enter the Chinese market would be the political ideology, which rendered difficulty for Taiwanese financial service industry to practice banking business in Mainland China. The most advantageous way for Taiwanese banks, direct entrance, including founding representative offices, branches, and sub-branches, was therefore seriously limited. Worse, the seven banks which have set up representative offices in Mainland China will need to renew their licenses starting from next year (2008). If the renewal is spited for political reasons, the adverse impact on Taiwanese banks will be huge. A more feasible way might be somehow circuitous, by which Taiwanese banks build strategic alliance with, or invest in, domestic urban commercial banks, rural commercial banks, and banks reforming their share ownership structure, avoiding competitive regional markets where foreign-funded banks have already taken root. Lastly, this study not only provide tangible suggestions to the Taiwanese government, including signing the Memorandum of Understanding on supervision and regulation of the financial services and allowing Taiwanese banks to enter the Chinese market as soon as possible, but anticipate Taiwanese banks to improve their own profession and core business, and establish the database of their customers who have already established businesses in Mainland China, and promote their managerial skills of international banking. These are feasible measures to bring Taiwanese banks an advantageous position in future development in China while negotiating for shares or strategic alliances. After all, demands come from economic development can alter the political will.
3

外資銀行在中國大陸發展情況及台灣銀行業登陸之探討 / Experiences of foreign banks in China and the study of Taiwanese banks entering China

張志揚 Unknown Date (has links)
自2010年6月我國與中國大陸簽署《ECFA》後,我國銀行業者開始將其在中國大陸的辦事處升格為分行,截至目前(2015年5月底)為止,已有6家台資銀行在中國大陸的分行開始營業,此為兩岸金融業交流的重大突破,但不可否認的是,我國銀行業在登陸時程上已落後其他外資銀行許多,要想急起直追,除了透過我國政府在後續《ECFA》談判中替台灣銀行業者爭取到更有利的條件外,台灣銀行業者也要積極尋找在中國大陸市場中業務突破的機會,如何善用我方同文同種、廣大台商客群以及過去金融服務業發展經驗等競爭優勢,以及如何把握住中國大陸政府未來的發展方向,這些都有待深入之探討。 本研究首先說明外資銀行在中國大陸的發展現況,並將普華永道會計師事務所2010年5月出版的「外資銀行在中國」之內容作一整理,從中國大陸外資銀行業者的角度觀察目前中國大陸市場所面臨到的挑戰與機會,接著針對2007到2009年外資銀行在中國大陸的財務數據作績效分析,當作台資銀行業登陸之借鏡,然後彙整出兩岸對台灣銀行業登陸之相關法令,同時整理出目前台灣銀行業的登陸情形,並利用外資銀行在中國大陸的發展經驗,探討台灣銀行業登陸後的業務發展機會以及未來可能發展,最後做出結論與建議。
4

天津銀行業開放對其經濟成長的影響 / Impact of banking industry liberalization on economic growth in Tianjin

李美伶 Unknown Date (has links)
本研究探討天津1981年至2010年間,經濟成長與銀行放款間的關係。除了將銀行分為中資銀行及外資銀行兩類外,並且將外資直接投資因素納入考慮,檢視其在銀行放款與經濟成長間所扮演的角色。運用VECM模型實證結果發現:中資銀行及外資銀行的放款與天津市經濟成長呈現正向相關,前者效果會受到後者的影響而提升;後者與外資直接投資亦呈現正向相關,同時,證實了外資銀行「客戶追隨理論」可適用於天津。

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