根據經濟部投資審議委員會公佈的資料顯示，歷年來台商在大陸投資的區位選擇戰略已由南向北遷移，尤其是江蘇、浙江的投資金額約佔51％以上，2005年以後這種趨勢還在持續的往長江三角洲前進。而內政部資料在大上海地區有60萬台商，其家庭高中以下就學子女至少約有一萬餘人，但是此地區的華東與上海兩所台商子女學校，所招收的學生總人數卻遠低於預估人數。我政府基於輔導立場，應該更進一步瞭解其間辦學的問題，藉以在輔導政策上提升對此一地區台商子女就學與教育的服務。 透過文獻、資料與訪談、問卷的實施，發現大上海地區各類型的學校與教育資源非常豐富，台商子女現在的就學環境不再似2000年以前那樣的窘困，由於大陸教育主管不斷的釋出各項優惠政策、台商投資的在地化趨勢、台籍幹部被取代的情勢等因素都有可能牽動台商學校的招生前景，這些問題都為政府輔導台商學校的政策，埋下許多的變數。2010年8月起，兩所台商學校在中學部的轉學生人數竟同時有較大幅度的成長，這個現象卻未反映在台商子女返台升學的選擇上，倒是藉學測成績留在大陸申請進入高校升學的人數開始增加。 政府向來肯定台商學校在大陸辦學有其需要與價值，在台商學校面對主客觀辦學的壓力下，本研究在今後的輔導政策上，對政府的建議是：一、協助台商學校發揮台灣教育的特色；二、協助學校能合法的擴大辦理招生與經營範圍；三、對其他非台商學校的台商子女宜加強教育政策的宣導；四、提升國內大學教育素質，以吸引台商子女返國升學的意願。 / According to information released by the Ministry of Economic Affairs Investment Commission, location choice strategy of Taiwanese investors in mainland have been migrated from south to north over these years, in particular of Jiangsu and Zhejiang. After 2005 this trend continues forward to the Yangtze River Delta. The Ministry of the Interior data shows there are over 600,000 Taiwan businessmen in Shanghai, and at least about one million school children among these families. However, the total number of students enrolled by two Taiwanese Children's schools is far lower than the estimated number. Based on the position of guidance, our government should further understand the problem to enhance the education services of Taiwanese children's schools through the counseling policy. Through literature, information, interviews and the implementation of the questionnaire, I found various types of schools and educational resources in Shanghai. There is no longer difficult for Taiwanese Children choosing schools now as before 2000. Reasons like the mainland education authorities continue to release various preferential policies, the trend of localization for Taiwanese investors, and the replacement of Taiwanese managers, may affect the prospects of enrollment for schools. These problems are also the reasons for government making policies. Since August 2010, there is a big growth of transfered high school students enrolled by two Taiwanese schools, but not reflected in the return students. This may due to the new policy of admission for mainland colleges. The government has always affirmed the need and value of Taiwanese children`s schools. In the case of the running pressure of schools, the proposals through my study are: 1.To help on the school show the characteristics. 2.To assist schools that can legally extended to apply for enrollment and scope. 3.To enhance the advocacy of education policy for non-Taiwanese school children. 4.To upgrade the quality of domestic universities to attract Taiwanese children willing to return to study in Taiwan.

本文係針對大陸台商的「當地化」現象進行探討。隨著兩岸經貿的開展，台商的當地化經營已成為一個不可避免的趨勢，而本文所欲探討之「當地化」，係從經濟的角度出發，亦即在經濟全球化之後，跨國公司（台商）的海外投資為求利益極大化，勢必將調整原本的經濟策略，以合乎當地市場的需求；而此一調整則可能包含其市場、原物料及進用人才等各個面相，筆者並運用價格要素均等及比較優勢建立本文之假說。 在此一前提下，本文利用深度訪談及半結構式問卷，針對大上海地區（上海、吳江、昆山）的台商企業之當地化經營現象進行研究，共計獲得三十份訪談紀錄及八十五份問卷，對於此一現象進行深入且廣泛的經驗分析。研究結果發現，台商企業不但認同當地化經營對於企業永續生存之重要，已在經營或用人方面進行大幅度的當地化，並強調此一趨勢將繼續進行。本文之研究結果驗證了先前之假說，但此一發現亦有例外之處，即對於攸關「信任」的職務，台商普遍不願輕言進行當地化。 / This thesis studies the progresses of localization in the Taiwanese businesses in Great Shanghai. It aims to make sense this process in a larger context of economic integration across the Strait and market competition around the world. Based on the findings, it is the economic forces, might be understood as factor price equalization or regional comparative advantages, that play the key role in bringing about the localization of these Taiwanese enterprises. Under the pressures to compete on global market and also to reap regional advantages, these Taiwanese enterprises are forces to give up their earlier import-processing-export pattern to produce from Chinese raw materials, for the Chinese market, and under the management of Chinese cadres. The empirical study of the thesis is based on two field trips in greater Shanghai, i.e., the Shanghai city, plus two other county –level cities, Wujiang and Kunshan. During the two-month field research, the author combines in-depth interviewing and semi-structured questionnaire on more than 100 Taiwanese entrepreneurs, with the result of 30 full-length transcripts and 85 questionnaires. The empirical data suggest that most Taiwanese entrepreneurs not just recognize the necessity of localization but also enjoy the profits brought by the advancements of localization. There is but one exception: localization can hardly go beyond the limit of personal trust. Thus, when deep trust is involved—say, managing financial matters—the principle of localization will be compromised.

本研究主要目的是探討大上海及大台北地區養生村消費行為之研究，並將影響老人入住養生村的因素分為兩大部份：社會人口統計變項及健康狀況，除此之外，探討養生村特殊服務需求程度是否也因社會人口統計變項及健康狀況會有不同的差別。研究對象為大上海及大台北地區30歲以上的民眾，透過便利抽樣（convenience sampling）做養生村問卷調查研究。有效問卷回收份數，大台北地區為79份，大上海地區為31份，再經由描述性統計分析（Descriptive Statistics Analysis）、變異數分析（Anova）、卡方檢定（Chi-square test）得到「社會人口統計變項」會影響「住進銀髮養生村的意願」及養生村「特殊服務需求程度」。值得注意的是透過描述性統計分析，大台北地區與大上海地區不管是「不願意入住養生村的原因」或是「願意入住養生村的原因」選擇的都是同一個主要項目，「不願意入住養生村的原因」主要是不想遠離已熟悉的環境，而「願意入住養生村的原因」主要是不想與子女住成為子女的負擔。 最後透過本研究分析結果做總結：銀髮社區會是未來社區發展趨勢、「養兒防老」觀念已改變並偏好「在地養老」（Aging in place）、「大台北地區」與「大上海地區」對於養生村所提供「特殊服務需求程度」及對於「住進銀髮養生村的意願」在「社會人口統計變項」不太一致、「社會人口統計變項」會影響「特殊服務需求程度」及「住進銀髮養生村的意願」而「健康狀況」變項數不會影響對「特殊服務需求程度」及「住進銀髮養生村的意願」。 / This study is to give a deep dive in investigating consumer behavior of retirement community both for people living in Shanghai and in Taipei. The 2 key factors for aged people to select care home or retirement communities are: socio-demographic variables and health condition. Another purpose is to check whether those 2 factors make any impact on care home suppliers to offer better facility or service. Convenience sampling survey was done on people aged over 30 years old and valid hardcopies received from Taipei area and Shanghai area are respectively 79 and 31. Through Descriptive statistics analysis, Anova, Chi-square test, the findings are socio-demographic variables will impact people’s willingness to live in care home/ retirement communities and service of care home suppliers/ retirement communities. Through the study and description statistics analysis, the answer is whether in Taipei or Shanghai area people who do not want to live in retirement communities opt for the cause of “unwilling to leave familiar environment”. “Do not want to become children’s burden” is the reason for them to consider living in retirement communities. In conclusion, retirement community is a trend for aged person to live in and the concept of raising children to care for aged parents has been changed and has swifted to be “aging in place”. Through survey result, consumer behaviour is quite different between Taipei area and Shanghai area which socio-demographic variables will impact on care home suppliers to offer better facility or service as well as willings to live in care home center. The factor of health condition won’t impact on care home suppliers to offer better facility or service as well as willings to live in care home center. Keywords：Retirement community, Socio-demographic , Convenience sampling, Escriptive statistics analysis, Anova test, Chi-square test, Aging in place.