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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

求道與正人心: 唐文治的人生與學術思想= The way and the self: a study of Tang Wenzhi's life and thought

劉繼堯, 18 February 2016 (has links)
唐文治(1865-1954)的人生如按其事業,可分為兩段:前半生供職於清廷,官至署理農工商部尚書;後半生盡瘁於教育,分別主持交通大學及無錫國專。中國近代的歷史大事,如甲午戰爭、八國聯軍、辛亥革命、抗日戰爭等,唐文治皆親歷其中。 面對世變,唐文治出仕清廷時,公忠體國;執掌黌舍時,用心校務;後來即使失明,依然著述不斷。在抗日戰爭,兵兇戰危之下,不但講學不絶,而且熱心救濟。其以中國文化為依歸,認為中國文化之精神具有永恆的價值,相信學問以道德修養與實踐為主,上承桐城派之餘韻,致力講授文學,用以明道,引領後學。 唐文治一生注重道德修養與實踐,然而前人對此闡釋實有不足。唐文治日後的舉措,例如致力教授文學、棄官從教、對中國學術之詮釋,及其個人之行為等,都與這思想息息相關。在轉型之時代,唐文治一生堅守及傳播這價值,但並非一成不變,而是根據情況而作出適當的調適。今人研究唐文治,沿著其人生軌跡,既可體味中國文化之價值、並領悟教授中國文化之方法。 簡之,本文之意義有二:一是通過析述唐文治的生平與思想,指出其重視道德修養與實踐,並認為這既是中國文化之精粹,又是不同文化之間的共性,具有普遍意義。唐文治的事業、對中國學術之闡釋與其行事準則,皆圍繞這宗旨而展開。這點鮮有前人論及,卻是理解唐文治的關鍵。二是指出唐文治通過事業、講學、著述和躬行等不同方面來貫徹其思想,突顯在世變之下,中國文化在近代分崩離析之時,唐文治如何堅守並發揚中國文化之價值。唐文治其人、其思想與其事跡,是研究近代中國文化發展的佳例一位深信中國文化價值的儒者,如何孜孜不倦地實踐、詮釋及傳播這價值,由此展現一條發揚中國文化的途徑,對於當今的中國文化發展,有著借鑒和啟迪的意義。 本文以唐文治的事業、講學和躬行三方面為重心,全文分為九章:第一章“前言,從問題緣起、研究回顧、研究意義、史料與論文架構交代全文佈局。第二章“唐文治生平略,概括唐文治的生平,突顯其身處之環境和關心之大事。第三章“藏器與出仕,講述唐文治思想之奠定經過,走上學而優則仕的路途與出仕歷經。第四章“棄官從教,針對現行研究,指出唐文治棄官從教的原因還與其對中學危機的洞察、出洋考察與商部經歷有關。第五章“因文見道,講述唐文治借用桐城派之緣由以及其以聲養德的體系。第六章“實業人才工業專門學校,析述唐文治為工業專門學校設計的專業和配套,希望培育道德、實業、體格三者兼備的人才,突顯儒者之謀劃。第七章“守先待後無錫國專,指出在中國文化備受批評的情況下,唐文治決定出掌無錫國專,重塑文武傳統,又因應環境,因時制宜,展現儒者多方靈活的一面。第八章“躬行實踐,突顯唐文治言傳身教所展現的人格魅力,儒學的意義與價值由此而見。第九章“結論,對唐文治的人生與思想作出整體評價。 Deeply devoted to his work and career, the life of Tang Wenzhi is summarized under this context into two phases: the first half of his efforts and service to the Qing court where he held high official ranks and at his prime, served as deputy minister of the Agriculture, Industry and Commerce Department; the second half sketches Tang as an education aficionado during his time at the Jiaotong University and the Wuxi Academy (Wuxi Guozhuan). Born in an era of tremendous changes, Tang witnessed various historical junctions of modern China from the Sino-Japanese War to the 1911 Revolution and the Second Sino-Japanese War. As China plunged into political turmoil and encountered future uncertainties, Tang clung unto his faith of Confucian ideals. Before 1911, he carried out whole-heartedly his official duties; after the birth of the Republic, he facilitated education reform during his tenure as Principal of Jiaotong University and Wuxi Academy, fu.
2

王文治與《蘭亭序》. / 王文治與蘭亭序 / Wang Wenzhi and Preface to the Orchid Pavilion Gathering / Wang Wenzhi yu "Lan ting xu". / Wang Wenzhi yu lan ting xu

January 2014 (has links)
清代乾嘉时期書家王文治(1730-1802)為帖派健將,以一手瀟灑流麗的書法垂譽書史,有"淡墨探花"之稱。其學書歷程漫長、取法廣博,由明末董其昌(1555-1636)開始上溯晉唐,終以王羲之(303-361)為代表的晉人書風作最終堂奧,更直言"書以右軍為宗"。在眾多書法經典中,尤對《蘭亭序》情有獨鍾,認為"禊敘一帖關乎書法源流",將之置於最關鍵的位置,成為一生臨習不斷的典範。其一生所見、所學、所跋《蘭亭》版本眾多,又以"定武蘭亭"致為鍾愛,自言研究超過二十年。此種書學取態,非但是個人性情之因,亦與當時皇家和文人圈締造的蘭亭風尚有關。 / 本文核心共包含四個篇章:第一章"蘭亭風尚",從清代前中期皇家和文人圈對《蘭亭序》的刻藏、研究和臨寫,來窺看當時的蘭亭之風。指出時人對蘭亭修禊的效仿已變成雅集的一種,是蘭亭風尚中最為突出的表現之一。第二章"蘭亭情結",重組三次武昌借園的修禊,集中環繞乾隆五十八年(癸丑,1793)春舉行的"借園修禊"。從王文治的《蘭亭》集詩及書畫題跋中,尤其挪用"歲在癸丑,暮春之初"的年款,探究他對《蘭亭》的深厚情結。第三章"蘭亭品鑒",先論王文治在考據時風下不依考據,純以"品韻"鑒別書畫的因由與方法;繼而梳理他品鑒過的《蘭亭》版本,分析他"禊敘一帖關乎書法源流"之論背後的含義,並討論他對不同《蘭亭》版本的看法。最後,指出不論何本王文治都視為原帖化身,將之與王羲之緊扣。第四章"蘭亭之路",則重塑王文治在書壇董趙書風籠罩下,以董其昌為起步,借鑒歷代書家學王之徑,逼近王羲之,進入《蘭亭序》的臨池自運過程。特別詳細分析他如何通過對《蘭亭》的臨寫、集詩和集聯來演繹《蘭亭》,將之化入腕底,最終自出機杼,在清代書壇芸芸帖學高手中脫穎而出。從王文治對《蘭亭序》的取態和學習,可窺看在金石考據學方興未艾、碑學萌芽的時代,《蘭亭》的魅力和位置,從而更全面瞭解十八世紀中國書壇面貌,比起傳統認識上的碑興帖衰,來得更多元並蓄。 / This dissertation is a study of the 18th century Chinese calligrapher, Wang Wenzhi (1730-1802). Being famous for his elegant and graceful brushwork with relatively light ink tone, Wang Wenzhi advocated the Model-book School (tiexue) throughout his life. He regarded the late Ming master Dong Qichang (1555-1636) as his primary source in the study of the Two Wangs tradition. Starting from the works of Dong Qichang and the other calligraphy masters preceding him, he finally traced back to the style of Wang Xizhi (303-361), who was his target. Among all the classical works of calligraphy, the Preface to the Orchid Pavilion Gathering (Lanting xu) by Wang Xizhi was his favorite, which he regarded, more than any other, to be the origin of Chinese calligraphy. Wang Wenzhi has seen, studied, and practiced a large number of different versions of the Lanting xu in his life. This interesting phenomenon is closely related to his time, which was a "Lanting fashion" period. / This dissertation includes four chapters. The first one reconstructs the "Lanting fashion" in the 18th century. During this period, both emperors and scholars had great interests in collecting, reproducing and copying the Lanting xu. They also loved to follow and imitate the Orchid Pavilion gathering. The second chapter focuses on the three literati gatherings in the Jie Garden in Wuchang during the 1790s. It especially focuses on how Wang Wenzhi expressed his passion for the Lanting xu during the third gathering in 1793. The third chapter studies Wang Wenzhi’s principle of connoisseurship in calligraphy and painting, and analyses his attitude towards different versions of the Lanting xu. The fourth chapter is about how he learned from and practiced copying the Lanting xu. This dissertation, finally tries to argue that the practice of calligraphy in the 18th century was more varied and diversified than previously thought, the Model-book School being at its most glorious. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / 陳冠男 = Wang Wenzhi and Preface to the Orchid Pavilion Gathering / Chan Kwun Nam. / Thesis (Ph.D.) Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2014. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 177-202). / Abstracts also in Chinese. / Chen Guannan = Wang Wenzhi and Preface to the Orchid Pavilion Gathering / Chan Kwun Nam.
3

宋代文官制度之研究

曹興仁, Cao, Xing-Ren Unknown Date (has links)
緒論 第一節 文官制度之意義 文官制度者,政府為維持其組織,推行其職務,恢宏其功能,達成其目的而選擇、管理其政府人員之方法、程序與實施之體系及關係之規範也。故其內容首重考選,次及任用,任用而後則給以待遇,督以考課,績優則陞,績劣則黜,至其疲老不堪任事,則罷其職以養老,用示優恤。此即文官制度之大要。故文官制度實為政治制度中最為重要之一環。以言其區別,則政治制度者,政府組織之形態也,文官制度者,此一組織中推動力之運作程式也。 第二節 文官制度之價值 文官制度,又稱吏治制度,言涵孕,則具動靜兩態之意義,就靜態言,係著重其組織、結構與上下權責關係,就動態言,則強調其運作實況與其功能。 第三節 研究旨趣 宋之文官制度,上承漢唐之盛世,下啟明清之新機,其考選之公平,程式之嚴密,視之今日,並無遜色,其待士之仁厚,取士之寬廣,較之歷代,實具特色,且其史料留傳,至今仍稱豐富,文治之影響,亦得述之而詳,論者復稱治近代史者應從宋史著手(註四)或謂中國成為今日之現象,什之八九乃為宋人所造就。(註五)此皆指其文治之特色與影響也。至若宋之納幣和,苟且偏安,則有何佳績可言? 宋以文治,上繼五代割據殘破之勢,下開明清專制一統之局,端賴其完密之文官制度,有以致之,故對其文官制度之研究,自有其意義焉。 第四節 研究方法 本文研究資料,首以宋史、會要為主,參之以文集、筆記,補之以長篇、要錄,證之以通書,類書,取其相融相通,去其箑迕矛盾,堆砌間架,復其故事。 故本題之研究,雖在恢復故事,亦何敢掉以輕心,因之凡史料之所存,皆加統計,然後製表,故文中繪表百幅,補以說明,俾得舉綱目理,提領毛順。
4

無錫國專與傳統書院的轉型

唐屹軒 Unknown Date (has links)
本文以1921年創立的無錫國專為考察核心,剖析傳統書院的轉型在現代中國學術發展脈絡中扮演的腳色,並藉此勾勒橫向聯繫的學術網絡。同時,亦以唐文治為主軸,連結承接傳統與注入新學的時間軸線。咸同時代理學思想復興後形成的學術潮流,透過王祖畬的傳承,在唐文治身上看到理學思想的延續。 除緒論與結論外,第二章以時間為主軸貫串前後,輔以制度的演變進行析論,從清代以降的教育發展脈絡展開介紹。第三章針對無錫國專的創建與發展進行論述,並運用量化分析法,從另一個角度觀察無錫國專。其次,討論部分重要師生,以說明教學情形、相關學術活動、與求學期間的回憶和學習心得。第四章深入分析無錫國專師生們內含的思想核心、教育理念和文化價值體系。第五章針對具有文化保守主義色彩的無錫國專及其師生,與新文化派學者進行比較研究,希冀藉由雙方的對照,深入瞭解無錫國專的特點,與當時的學術氛圍。 無錫國專創立以來,歷經抗戰期間的顛沛流離,仍講學不輟,在精神領袖唐文治帶領下,始終維持其教育理念。唐文治以紮實的教育方式培養人才,無形中延伸無錫國專的影響力,至今仍有不少學者係出自無錫國專。在東南大學遭逢幾番改制、學衡派學者內閧不止、四散飄零之際,無錫國專尤可視為反新文化派之堡壘。

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