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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

學術自由發展對公立大學組織變革法制之探討 / A study of the legal system for academic freedom development on the transformation of public university organization

陳惠珍, Chen, Huei Jen Unknown Date (has links)
大學發展的歷史,即是一部大學爭取學術自由之歷史。德國最早將學術自由納入憲法以基本權保護,並推演大學自治為學術自由制度性保障,賦予大學公法社團之獨立法人格,建立學術自由圍籬,法人化遂成為學術自由落實之主要途徑。 只是,隨著外在知識經濟、全球化競爭等環境變遷,大學除教學與研究基本功能,同時具有知識工廠、文化傳承、提昇國家國際競爭力、服務社會等多元功能。而經濟衰退,使政府對大學預算減少,在經費窘迫下,大學組織運營面臨經費與資源有效運用等議題。如何有效運用資源、發揮大學被期待之多元功能?成為各國大學改革重要議題。 我國大學法制改革,1994年以學術自由、大學自治為主張,期建立德國「學者共和國」,防止國家政治干預,擬將國立大學法人化,賦予大學獨立法人格地位。2002年配合政府改造,提出講求效能與效率的行政法人制度,並擬改制國立大學為獨立行政法人,在立法院審查修訂大學法時,將行政法人化專章刪除,委由未來制定專法,形成我國大學法人化似又退回原點。 本篇論文以時間(中世紀迄今)、與空間(德國、日本、美國)雙軸向形成之環境,進行有關學術自由理念、大學自治制度發展歷程等文獻整理,釐清學術自由對大學理念與組織法制之定位及其影響(第二章及第三章);及現代環境變遷導致大學功能多元,加以政府預算緊縮,使大學需面臨營運成效議題,而公共管理理論對各國政府改造實務經驗對大學組織變革之啟發與影響(第四章);取法近代德國大學組織型態鬆綁(第五章)、日本國立大學法人化等改革經驗(第六章);重新審視我國大學法人化追求時,如何在兼顧學術自由理念價值與組織營運效能下,建構大學外部組織型態與內部組織法制(第七章)
2

合作國家理念對進出口行政管制法制化之影響—以高科技貨品進出口管制為例 / The concept of cooperative state and its impact on the regulations for trade administration-a focused examination on control over high-technology commodities in Taiwan

賴國星, Lai, Kwo Shing Unknown Date (has links)
2001年美國遭受921恐怖攻擊,國際貿易由著重自由化、便捷化轉而強調貿易安全,高科技貨品進出口行政管制係悠關國際貿易及供應鏈安全,益受各國關注,世界主要國家更透過國際合作強化出口管制,如世界海關組織(WCO)所倡議之「全球貿易安全與便捷之標準架構」(Framework of Standards to Secure and Facilitate Global Trade,SAFE)即為顯例。 全球化趨勢下,我國高科技貨品進出口行政管制不再是國內事務,須配合相關國際管制組織之規範實施相關管制作業,善盡地球村一份子之責任,才可避免受到國際制裁或抵制,影響我國貿易利益。 再者,處後現代時期,新保守主義興起,政府管理新思潮(如新公共管理、新治理)風起雲湧之際,各國進行政府再造工程,建構「小而能」之政府,惟國家任務雜,人民對政府之需求不斷增加,政府人力及預算有限情況下,「公協協力」、「合作國家」理念所倡導,引進私部門資源協助執行行政任務,乃成必須之選擇。本論文爰以行政法學之「合作國家」理念,析論我國高科技貨品進出口行政管制法制並提出評論與建言。 / After 921 in 2001, international trade had shifted its importance to trade security from emphasizing on trade facility. The export control of high-technology commodities involving security of global trade and supply chain, has been worldwidely raised concerns. Many countries have strengthened cooperation on export control of high-tech commodities through relevant international arrangements, for instance, “Framework of Standards to Secure and Facilitate global trade” initiated by the World Customs Organization. In globalization paradox, the export control of high-tech commodities is not only subjected to the national rule, but shall be also to comply with the relevant international regulations. Otherwise, it would be boycotted by other nations and cause damage to its trade benefits. Moreover, with neo-conservatism and emerging movement in public administration, which called “New Public Management” or “New Governance”, Governments have seek to reform in order to better meet citizens’ needs by limitation of manpower and budget. Consequently, the concept and resolutions of “Public Private Partnership” or “Cooperative State” in public administration and public law become the best option to response above mentioned conditions. In conclusion, this study attempted to analyze the legal framework of Taiwan export control of high-tech commodities with the concept of Cooperative State and tried to make suggestions and submit feasible resolutions for export control institution.

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